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Console.ReadLine Method

Definition

Reads the next line of characters from the standard input stream.

[System.Runtime.Versioning.UnsupportedOSPlatform("browser")]
public static string? ReadLine ();
[System.Runtime.Versioning.UnsupportedOSPlatform("browser")]
[System.Runtime.Versioning.UnsupportedOSPlatform("android")]
public static string? ReadLine ();
public static string ReadLine ();

Returns

The next line of characters from the input stream, or null if no more lines are available.

Attributes

Exceptions

An I/O error occurred.

There is insufficient memory to allocate a buffer for the returned string.

The number of characters in the next line of characters is greater than Int32.MaxValue.

Examples

The following example requires two command line arguments: the name of an existing text file, and the name of a file to write the output to. It opens the existing text file and redirects the standard input from the keyboard to that file. It also redirects the standard output from the console to the output file. It then uses the Console.ReadLine method to read each line in the file, replaces every sequence of four spaces with a tab character, and uses the Console.WriteLine method to write the result to the output file.

using System;
using System.IO;

public class InsertTabs
{
    private const int tabSize = 4;
    private const string usageText = "Usage: INSERTTABS inputfile.txt outputfile.txt";
    public static int Main(string[] args)
    {
        if (args.Length < 2)
        {
            Console.WriteLine(usageText);
            return 1;
        }

        try
        {
            // Attempt to open output file.
            using (var writer = new StreamWriter(args[1]))
            {
                using (var reader = new StreamReader(args[0]))
                {
                    // Redirect standard output from the console to the output file.
                    Console.SetOut(writer);
                    // Redirect standard input from the console to the input file.
                    Console.SetIn(reader);
                    string line;
                    while ((line = Console.ReadLine()) != null)
                    {
                        string newLine = line.Replace(("").PadRight(tabSize, ' '), "\t");
                        Console.WriteLine(newLine);
                    }
                }
            }
        }
        catch(IOException e)
        {
            TextWriter errorWriter = Console.Error;
            errorWriter.WriteLine(e.Message);
            errorWriter.WriteLine(usageText);
            return 1;
        }

        // Recover the standard output stream so that a
        // completion message can be displayed.
        var standardOutput = new StreamWriter(Console.OpenStandardOutput());
        standardOutput.AutoFlush = true;
        Console.SetOut(standardOutput);
        Console.WriteLine($"INSERTTABS has completed the processing of {args[0]}.");
        return 0;
    }
}

Remarks

The ReadLine method reads a line from the standard input stream. (For the definition of a line, see the paragraph after the following list.) This means that:

  • If the standard input device is the keyboard, the ReadLine method blocks until the user presses the Enter key.

    One of the most common uses of the ReadLine method is to pause program execution before clearing the console and displaying new information to it, or to prompt the user to press the Enter key before terminating the application. The following example illustrates this.

    using System;
    
    public class Example
    {
       public static void Main()
       {
          Console.Clear();
    
          DateTime dat = DateTime.Now;
    
          Console.WriteLine("\nToday is {0:d} at {0:T}.", dat);
          Console.Write("\nPress any key to continue... ");
          Console.ReadLine();
       }
    }
    // The example displays output like the following:
    //     Today is 10/26/2015 at 12:22:22 PM.
    //
    //     Press any key to continue...
    
  • If standard input is redirected to a file, the ReadLine method reads a line of text from a file. For example, the following is a text file named ReadLine1.txt:

    
    This is the first line.
    This is the second line.
    This is the third line.
    This is the fourth line.
    
    

    The following example uses the ReadLine method to read input that is redirected from a file. The read operation terminates when the method returns null, which indicates that no lines remain to be read.

    using System;
    
    public class Example
    {
       public static void Main()
       {
          if (! Console.IsInputRedirected) {
             Console.WriteLine("This example requires that input be redirected from a file.");
             return;
          }
    
          Console.WriteLine("About to call Console.ReadLine in a loop.");
          Console.WriteLine("----");
          String s;
          int ctr = 0;
          do {
             ctr++;
             s = Console.ReadLine();
             Console.WriteLine("Line {0}: {1}", ctr, s);
          } while (s != null);
          Console.WriteLine("---");
       }
    }
    // The example displays the following output:
    //       About to call Console.ReadLine in a loop.
    //       ----
    //       Line 1: This is the first line.
    //       Line 2: This is the second line.
    //       Line 3: This is the third line.
    //       Line 4: This is the fourth line.
    //       Line 5:
    //       ---
    

    After compiling the example to an executable named ReadLine1.exe, you can run it from the command line to read the contents of the file and display them to the console. The syntax is:

    ReadLine1 < ReadLine1.txt
    

A line is defined as a sequence of characters followed by a carriage return (hexadecimal 0x000d), a line feed (hexadecimal 0x000a), or the value of the Environment.NewLine property. The returned string does not contain the terminating character(s). By default, the method reads input from a 256-character input buffer. Because this includes the Environment.NewLine character(s), the method can read lines that contain up to 254 characters. To read longer lines, call the OpenStandardInput(Int32) method.

The ReadLine method executes synchronously. That is, it blocks until a line is read or the Ctrl+Z keyboard combination (followed by Enter on Windows), is pressed. The In property returns a TextReader object that represents the standard input stream and that has both a synchronous TextReader.ReadLine method and an asynchronous TextReader.ReadLineAsync method. However, when used as the console's standard input stream, the TextReader.ReadLineAsync executes synchronously rather than asynchronously and returns a Task<String> only after the read operation has completed.

If this method throws an OutOfMemoryException exception, the reader's position in the underlying Stream object is advanced by the number of characters the method was able to read, but the characters already read into the internal ReadLine buffer are discarded. Since the position of the reader in the stream cannot be changed, the characters already read are unrecoverable, and can be accessed only by reinitializing the TextReader. If the initial position within the stream is unknown or the stream does not support seeking, the underlying Stream also needs to be reinitialized. To avoid such a situation and to produce robust code, you should use the KeyAvailable property and ReadKey method and store the read characters in a pre-allocated buffer.

If the Ctrl+Z key combination (followed by Enter on Windows) is pressed when the method is reading input from the console, the method returns null. This enables the user to prevent further keyboard input when the ReadLine method is called in a loop. The following example illustrates this scenario.

using System;

public class Example
{
   public static void Main()
   {
      string line;
      Console.WriteLine("Enter one or more lines of text (press CTRL+Z to exit):");
      Console.WriteLine();
      do {
         Console.Write("   ");
         line = Console.ReadLine();
         if (line != null)
            Console.WriteLine("      " + line);
      } while (line != null);
   }
}
// The following displays possible output from this example:
//       Enter one or more lines of text (press CTRL+Z to exit):
//
//          This is line #1.
//             This is line #1.
//          This is line #2
//             This is line #2
//          ^Z
//
//       >

Applies to

See also