Environment Class

Reference

Definition

Namespace:: System

Assembly:: System.Runtime.Extensions.dll

Assembly:: System.Runtime.dll

Assembly:: mscorlib.dll

Assembly:: netstandard.dll

Source:: Environment.cs

Source:: Environment.cs

Source:: Environment.cs

Important

Some information relates to prerelease product that may be substantially modified before it’s released. Microsoft makes no warranties, express or implied, with respect to the information provided here.

Provides information about, and means to manipulate, the current environment and platform. This class cannot be inherited.

public ref class Environment abstract sealed

public ref class Environment sealed

public static class Environment

public sealed class Environment

[System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComVisible(true)]
public static class Environment

type Environment = class

[<System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComVisible(true)>]
type Environment = class

Public Class Environment

Public NotInheritable Class Environment

Inheritance: Object
Environment

Attributes: ComVisibleAttribute

Examples

The following example displays a list of information about the current environment.

// Sample for Environment class summary
using namespace System;
using namespace System::Collections;
int main()
{
   String^ str;
   String^ nl = Environment::NewLine;
   
   //
   Console::WriteLine();
   Console::WriteLine( "-- Environment members --" );
   
   //  Invoke this sample with an arbitrary set of command line arguments.
   Console::WriteLine( "CommandLine: {0}", Environment::CommandLine );
   array<String^>^arguments = Environment::GetCommandLineArgs();
   Console::WriteLine( "GetCommandLineArgs: {0}", String::Join( ", ", arguments ) );
   
   //  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
   Console::WriteLine( "CurrentDirectory: {0}", Environment::CurrentDirectory );
   Console::WriteLine( "ExitCode: {0}", Environment::ExitCode );
   Console::WriteLine( "HasShutdownStarted: {0}", Environment::HasShutdownStarted );
   
   //  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
   Console::WriteLine( "MachineName: {0}", Environment::MachineName );
   Console::WriteLine( "NewLine: {0}  first line {0}  second line {0}  third line", Environment::NewLine );
   Console::WriteLine( "OSVersion: {0}", Environment::OSVersion );
   Console::WriteLine( "StackTrace: ' {0}'", Environment::StackTrace );
   
   //  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
   Console::WriteLine( "SystemDirectory: {0}", Environment::SystemDirectory );
   Console::WriteLine( "TickCount: {0}", Environment::TickCount );
   
   //  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
   Console::WriteLine( "UserDomainName: {0}", Environment::UserDomainName );
   Console::WriteLine( "UserInteractive: {0}", Environment::UserInteractive );
   
   //  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
   Console::WriteLine( "UserName: {0}", Environment::UserName );
   Console::WriteLine( "Version: {0}", Environment::Version );
   Console::WriteLine( "WorkingSet: {0}", Environment::WorkingSet );
   
   //  No example for Exit(exitCode) because doing so would terminate this example.
   //  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
   String^ query = "My system drive is %SystemDrive% and my system root is %SystemRoot%";
   str = Environment::ExpandEnvironmentVariables( query );
   Console::WriteLine( "ExpandEnvironmentVariables: {0} {1}", nl, str );
   Console::WriteLine( "GetEnvironmentVariable: {0}  My temporary directory is {1}.", nl, Environment::GetEnvironmentVariable( "TEMP" ) );
   Console::WriteLine( "GetEnvironmentVariables: " );
   IDictionary^ environmentVariables = Environment::GetEnvironmentVariables();
   IEnumerator^ myEnum = environmentVariables->GetEnumerator();
   while ( myEnum->MoveNext() )
   {
      DictionaryEntry^ de = safe_cast<DictionaryEntry^>(myEnum->Current);
      Console::WriteLine( " {0} = {1}", de->Key, de->Value );
   }

   Console::WriteLine( "GetFolderPath: {0}", Environment::GetFolderPath( Environment::SpecialFolder::System ) );
   array<String^>^drives = Environment::GetLogicalDrives();
   Console::WriteLine( "GetLogicalDrives: {0}", String::Join( ", ", drives ) );
}

/*
This example produces results similar to the following:
(Any result that is lengthy or reveals information that should remain 
secure has been omitted and marked S"!---OMITTED---!".)

C:\>env0 ARBITRARY TEXT

-- Environment members --
CommandLine: env0 ARBITRARY TEXT
GetCommandLineArgs: env0, ARBITRARY, TEXT
CurrentDirectory: C:\Documents and Settings\!---OMITTED---!
ExitCode: 0
HasShutdownStarted: False
MachineName: !---OMITTED---!
NewLine:
  first line
  second line
  third line
OSVersion: Microsoft Windows NT 5.1.2600.0
StackTrace: '   at System::Environment::GetStackTrace(Exception e)
   at System::Environment::GetStackTrace(Exception e)
   at System::Environment::get_StackTrace()
   at Sample::Main()'
SystemDirectory: C:\WINNT\System32
TickCount: 17995355
UserDomainName: !---OMITTED---!
UserInteractive: True
UserName: !---OMITTED---!
Version: !---OMITTED---!
WorkingSet: 5038080
ExpandEnvironmentVariables:
  My system drive is C: and my system root is C:\WINNT
GetEnvironmentVariable:
  My temporary directory is C:\DOCUME~1\!---OMITTED---!\LOCALS~1\Temp.
GetEnvironmentVariables:
  !---OMITTED---!
GetFolderPath: C:\WINNT\System32
GetLogicalDrives: A:\, C:\, D:\

*/

// Sample for Environment class summary
using System;
using System.Collections;

class Sample
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        string str;
        string nl = Environment.NewLine;
        //
        Console.WriteLine();
        Console.WriteLine("-- Environment members --");

        //  Invoke this sample with an arbitrary set of command line arguments.
        Console.WriteLine("CommandLine: {0}", Environment.CommandLine);

        string[] arguments = Environment.GetCommandLineArgs();
        Console.WriteLine("GetCommandLineArgs: {0}", String.Join(", ", arguments));

        //  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
        Console.WriteLine("CurrentDirectory: {0}", Environment.CurrentDirectory);

        Console.WriteLine("ExitCode: {0}", Environment.ExitCode);

        Console.WriteLine("HasShutdownStarted: {0}", Environment.HasShutdownStarted);

        //  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
        Console.WriteLine("MachineName: {0}", Environment.MachineName);

        Console.WriteLine("NewLine: {0}  first line{0}  second line{0}  third line",
                              Environment.NewLine);

        Console.WriteLine("OSVersion: {0}", Environment.OSVersion.ToString());

        Console.WriteLine("StackTrace: '{0}'", Environment.StackTrace);

        //  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
        Console.WriteLine("SystemDirectory: {0}", Environment.SystemDirectory);

        Console.WriteLine("TickCount: {0}", Environment.TickCount);

        //  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
        Console.WriteLine("UserDomainName: {0}", Environment.UserDomainName);

        Console.WriteLine("UserInteractive: {0}", Environment.UserInteractive);

        //  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
        Console.WriteLine("UserName: {0}", Environment.UserName);

        Console.WriteLine("Version: {0}", Environment.Version.ToString());

        Console.WriteLine("WorkingSet: {0}", Environment.WorkingSet);

        //  No example for Exit(exitCode) because doing so would terminate this example.

        //  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
        string query = "My system drive is %SystemDrive% and my system root is %SystemRoot%";
        str = Environment.ExpandEnvironmentVariables(query);
        Console.WriteLine("ExpandEnvironmentVariables: {0}  {1}", nl, str);

        Console.WriteLine("GetEnvironmentVariable: {0}  My temporary directory is {1}.", nl,
                               Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("TEMP"));

        Console.WriteLine("GetEnvironmentVariables: ");
        IDictionary environmentVariables = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariables();
        foreach (DictionaryEntry de in environmentVariables)
        {
            Console.WriteLine("  {0} = {1}", de.Key, de.Value);
        }

        Console.WriteLine("GetFolderPath: {0}",
                     Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.System));

        string[] drives = Environment.GetLogicalDrives();
        Console.WriteLine("GetLogicalDrives: {0}", String.Join(", ", drives));
    }
}
/*
This example produces results similar to the following:
(Any result that is lengthy or reveals information that should remain
secure has been omitted and marked "!---OMITTED---!".)

C:\>env0 ARBITRARY TEXT

-- Environment members --
CommandLine: env0 ARBITRARY TEXT
GetCommandLineArgs: env0, ARBITRARY, TEXT
CurrentDirectory: C:\Documents and Settings\!---OMITTED---!
ExitCode: 0
HasShutdownStarted: False
MachineName: !---OMITTED---!
NewLine:
  first line
  second line
  third line
OSVersion: Microsoft Windows NT 5.1.2600.0
StackTrace: '   at System.Environment.GetStackTrace(Exception e)
   at System.Environment.GetStackTrace(Exception e)
   at System.Environment.get_StackTrace()
   at Sample.Main()'
SystemDirectory: C:\WINNT\System32
TickCount: 17995355
UserDomainName: !---OMITTED---!
UserInteractive: True
UserName: !---OMITTED---!
Version: !---OMITTED---!
WorkingSet: 5038080
ExpandEnvironmentVariables:
  My system drive is C: and my system root is C:\WINNT
GetEnvironmentVariable:
  My temporary directory is C:\DOCUME~1\!---OMITTED---!\LOCALS~1\Temp.
GetEnvironmentVariables:
  !---OMITTED---!
GetFolderPath: C:\WINNT\System32
GetLogicalDrives: A:\, C:\, D:\

*/

// Sample for Environment class summary
open System
open System.Collections

let nl = Environment.NewLine

printfn ""
printfn "-- Environment members --"

//  Invoke this sample with an arbitrary set of command line arguments.
printfn $"CommandLine: {Environment.CommandLine}"

Environment.GetCommandLineArgs()
|> String.concat ", "
|> printfn "GetCommandLineArgs: %s"

//  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
printfn $"CurrentDirectory: {Environment.CurrentDirectory}"

printfn $"ExitCode: {Environment.ExitCode}"

printfn $"HasShutdownStarted: {Environment.HasShutdownStarted}"

//  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
printfn $"MachineName: {Environment.MachineName}"

printfn $"NewLine: {nl}  first line{nl}  second line{nl}  third line"

printfn $"OSVersion: {Environment.OSVersion}"

printfn $"StackTrace: '{Environment.StackTrace}'"

//  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
printfn $"SystemDirectory: {Environment.SystemDirectory}"

printfn $"TickCount: {Environment.TickCount}"

//  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
printfn $"UserDomainName: {Environment.UserDomainName}"

printfn $"UserInteractive: {Environment.UserInteractive}"

//  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
printfn $"UserName: {Environment.UserName}"

printfn $"Version: {Environment.Version}"

printfn $"WorkingSet: {Environment.WorkingSet}"

//  No example for Exit(exitCode) because doing so would terminate this example.

//  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
let query = "My system drive is %SystemDrive% and my system root is %SystemRoot%"
let str = Environment.ExpandEnvironmentVariables query
printfn $"ExpandEnvironmentVariables: {nl}  {str}"

printfn $"""GetEnvironmentVariable: {nl}  My temporary directory is {Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable "TEMP"}."""

printfn "GetEnvironmentVariables: "
let environmentVariables = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariables()
for de in environmentVariables do
    let de = de :?> DictionaryEntry
    printfn $"  {de.Key} = {de.Value}"

printfn $"GetFolderPath: {Environment.GetFolderPath Environment.SpecialFolder.System}"

Environment.GetLogicalDrives()
|> String.concat ", "
|> printfn "GetLogicalDrives: %s"

// This example produces results similar to the following:
//     (Any result that is lengthy or reveals information that should remain
//     secure has been omitted and marked "!---OMITTED---!".)
//     
//     C:\>env0 ARBITRARY TEXT
//     
//     -- Environment members --
//     CommandLine: env0 ARBITRARY TEXT
//     GetCommandLineArgs: env0, ARBITRARY, TEXT
//     CurrentDirectory: C:\Documents and Settings\!---OMITTED---!
//     ExitCode: 0
//     HasShutdownStarted: False
//     MachineName: !---OMITTED---!
//     NewLine:
//       first line
//       second line
//       third line
//     OSVersion: Microsoft Windows NT 5.1.2600.0
//     StackTrace: '   at System.Environment.GetStackTrace(Exception e)
//        at System.Environment.GetStackTrace(Exception e)
//        at System.Environment.get_StackTrace()
//        at Sample.Main()'
//     SystemDirectory: C:\WINNT\System32
//     TickCount: 17995355
//     UserDomainName: !---OMITTED---!
//     UserInteractive: True
//     UserName: !---OMITTED---!
//     Version: !---OMITTED---!
//     WorkingSet: 5038080
//     ExpandEnvironmentVariables:
//       My system drive is C: and my system root is C:\WINNT
//     GetEnvironmentVariable:
//       My temporary directory is C:\DOCUME~1\!---OMITTED---!\LOCALS~1\Temp.
//     GetEnvironmentVariables:
//       !---OMITTED---!
//     GetFolderPath: C:\WINNT\System32
//     GetLogicalDrives: A:\, C:\, D:\

' Sample for Environment class summary
Imports System.Collections

Class Sample
   Public Shared Sub Main()
      Dim str As [String]
      Dim nl As [String] = Environment.NewLine
      '
      Console.WriteLine()
      Console.WriteLine("-- Environment members --")
      
      '  Invoke this sample with an arbitrary set of command line arguments.
      Console.WriteLine("CommandLine: {0}", Environment.CommandLine)
      
      Dim arguments As [String]() = Environment.GetCommandLineArgs()
      Console.WriteLine("GetCommandLineArgs: {0}", [String].Join(", ", arguments))
      
      '  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
      Console.WriteLine("CurrentDirectory: {0}", Environment.CurrentDirectory)
      
      Console.WriteLine("ExitCode: {0}", Environment.ExitCode)
      
      Console.WriteLine("HasShutdownStarted: {0}", Environment.HasShutdownStarted)
      
      '  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
      Console.WriteLine("MachineName: {0}", Environment.MachineName)
      
      Console.WriteLine("NewLine: {0}  first line{0}  second line{0}" & _
                        "  third line", Environment.NewLine)
      
      Console.WriteLine("OSVersion: {0}", Environment.OSVersion.ToString())
      
      Console.WriteLine("StackTrace: '{0}'", Environment.StackTrace)
      
      '  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
      Console.WriteLine("SystemDirectory: {0}", Environment.SystemDirectory)
      
      Console.WriteLine("TickCount: {0}", Environment.TickCount)
      
      '  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
      Console.WriteLine("UserDomainName: {0}", Environment.UserDomainName)
      
      Console.WriteLine("UserInteractive: {0}", Environment.UserInteractive)
      
      '  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
      Console.WriteLine("UserName: {0}", Environment.UserName)
      
      Console.WriteLine("Version: {0}", Environment.Version.ToString())
      
      Console.WriteLine("WorkingSet: {0}", Environment.WorkingSet)
      
      '  No example for Exit(exitCode) because doing so would terminate this example.

      '  <-- Keep this information secure! -->
      Dim query As [String] = "My system drive is %SystemDrive% and my" & _
                              " system root is %SystemRoot%"
      str = Environment.ExpandEnvironmentVariables(query)
      Console.WriteLine("ExpandEnvironmentVariables: {0}  {1}", nl, str)
      
      Console.WriteLine("GetEnvironmentVariable: {0}  My temporary directory is {1}.", _
                        nl, Environment.GetEnvironmentVariable("TEMP"))
      
      Console.WriteLine("GetEnvironmentVariables: ")
      Dim environmentVariables As IDictionary = Environment.GetEnvironmentVariables()
      Dim de As DictionaryEntry
      For Each de In environmentVariables
         Console.WriteLine("  {0} = {1}", de.Key, de.Value)
      Next de
      
      Console.WriteLine("GetFolderPath: {0}", _
              Environment.GetFolderPath(Environment.SpecialFolder.System))
      
      Dim drives As [String]() = Environment.GetLogicalDrives()
      Console.WriteLine("GetLogicalDrives: {0}", [String].Join(", ", drives))
   End Sub
End Class
'
'This example produces results similar to the following:
'(Any result that is lengthy or reveals information that should remain 
'secure has been omitted and marked "!---OMITTED---!".)
'
'C:\>env0 ARBITRARY TEXT
'
'-- Environment members --
'CommandLine: env0 ARBITRARY TEXT
'GetCommandLineArgs: env0, ARBITRARY, TEXT
'CurrentDirectory: C:\Documents and Settings\!---OMITTED---!
'ExitCode: 0
'HasShutdownStarted: False
'MachineName: !---OMITTED---!
'NewLine:
'  first line
'  second line
'  third line
'OSVersion: Microsoft Windows NT 5.1.2600.0
'StackTrace: '   at System.Environment.GetStackTrace(Exception e)
'   at System.Environment.GetStackTrace(Exception e)
'   at System.Environment.get_StackTrace()
'   at Sample.Main()'
'SystemDirectory: C:\WINNT\System32
'TickCount: 17995355
'UserDomainName: !---OMITTED---!
'UserInteractive: True
'UserName: !---OMITTED---!
'Version: !---OMITTED---!
'WorkingSet: 5038080
'ExpandEnvironmentVariables:
'  My system drive is C: and my system root is C:\WINNT
'GetEnvironmentVariable:
'  My temporary directory is C:\DOCUME~1\!---OMITTED---!\LOCALS~1\Temp.
'GetEnvironmentVariables: 
'  !---OMITTED---!
'GetFolderPath: C:\WINNT\System32
'GetLogicalDrives: A:\, C:\, D:\
'

Remarks

Use the Environment class to retrieve information such as command-line arguments, the exit code, environment variable settings, contents of the call stack, time since last system boot, and the version of the common language runtime.

Properties

CommandLine	Gets the command line for this process.
CpuUsage	Get the CPU usage, including the process time spent running the application code, the process time spent running the operating system code, and the total time spent running both the application and operating system code.
CurrentDirectory	Gets or sets the fully qualified path of the current working directory.
CurrentManagedThreadId	Gets a unique identifier for the current managed thread.
ExitCode	Gets or sets the exit code of the process.
HasShutdownStarted	Gets a value that indicates whether the current application domain is being unloaded or the common language runtime (CLR) is shutting down.
Is64BitOperatingSystem	Gets a value that indicates whether the current operating system is a 64-bit operating system.
Is64BitProcess	Gets a value that indicates whether the current process is a 64-bit process.
IsPrivilegedProcess	Gets a value that indicates whether the current process is authorized to perform security-relevant functions.
MachineName	Gets the NetBIOS name of this local computer.
NewLine	Gets the newline string defined for this environment.
OSVersion	Gets the current platform identifier and version number.
ProcessId	Gets the unique identifier for the current process.
ProcessorCount	Gets the number of processors available to the current process.
ProcessPath	Returns the path of the executable that started the currently executing process. Returns `null` when the path is not available.
StackTrace	Gets current stack trace information.
SystemDirectory	Gets the fully qualified path of the system directory.
SystemPageSize	Gets the number of bytes in the operating system's memory page.
TickCount	Gets the number of milliseconds elapsed since the system started.
TickCount64	Gets the number of milliseconds elapsed since the system started.
UserDomainName	Gets the network domain name associated with the current user.
UserInteractive	Gets a value indicating whether the current process is running in user interactive mode.
UserName	Gets the user name of the person who is associated with the current thread.
Version	Gets a version consisting of the major, minor, build, and revision numbers of the common language runtime.
WorkingSet	Gets the amount of physical memory mapped to the process context.

Methods

Exit(Int32)	Terminates this process and returns an exit code to the operating system.
ExpandEnvironmentVariables(String)	Replaces the name of each environment variable embedded in the specified string with the string equivalent of the value of the variable, then returns the resulting string.
FailFast(String)	Immediately terminates the process before reporting an error message. For Windows, the error message is written to the Windows Application event log, and the message is included in error reporting to Microsoft. For Unix-like systems, the message, alongside the stack trace, is written to the standard error stream.
FailFast(String, Exception)	Immediately terminates the process before reporting an error message. For Windows, the error message is written to the Windows Application event log, and the message and exception information is included in error reporting to Microsoft. For Unix-like systems, the message alongside the stack trace is written to the standard error stream.
GetCommandLineArgs()	Returns a string array containing the command-line arguments for the current process.
GetEnvironmentVariable(String)	Retrieves the value of an environment variable from the current process.
GetEnvironmentVariable(String, EnvironmentVariableTarget)	Retrieves the value of an environment variable from the current process or from the Windows operating system registry key for the current user or local machine.
GetEnvironmentVariables()	Retrieves all environment variable names and their values from the current process.
GetEnvironmentVariables(EnvironmentVariableTarget)	Retrieves all environment variable names and their values from the current process, or from the Windows operating system registry key for the current user or local machine.
GetFolderPath(Environment+SpecialFolder)	Gets the path to the specified system special folder.
GetFolderPath(Environment+SpecialFolder, Environment+SpecialFolderOption)	Gets the path to the specified system special folder using a specified option for accessing special folders.
GetLogicalDrives()	Retrieves the names of the logical drives on this computer.
SetEnvironmentVariable(String, String)	Creates, modifies, or deletes an environment variable stored in the current process.
SetEnvironmentVariable(String, String, EnvironmentVariableTarget)	Creates, modifies, or deletes an environment variable stored in the current process or in the Windows operating system registry key reserved for the current user or local machine.

Applies to

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