IFormatProvider.GetFormat(Type) Metode

Definisi

Ruang nama:

System

Rakitan:

netstandard.dll, System.Runtime.dll

Sumber:

IFormatProvider.cs

Mengembalikan objek yang menyediakan layanan pemformatan untuk jenis yang ditentukan.

public:
 System::Object ^ GetFormat(Type ^ formatType);

public object? GetFormat(Type? formatType);

abstract member GetFormat : Type -> obj

Public Function GetFormat (formatType As Type) As Object

Parameter

formatType

Type

Objek yang menentukan jenis objek format yang akan dikembalikan.

Mengembalikan

Object

Instans objek yang ditentukan oleh formatType, jika implementasi dapat menyediakan jenis objek tersebut IFormatProvider ; jika tidak, null.

Contoh

Contoh berikut mengilustrasikan penggunaan kelas yang mengimplementasikan IFormatProvider antarmuka dan GetFormat metode . Kelas AcctNumberFormat mengonversi Int64 nilai yang mewakili nomor akun menjadi nomor akun 12 digit yang diformat. Metodenya GetFormat mengembalikan referensi ke dirinya sendiri jika formatType parameter mengacu pada kelas yang mengimplementasikan ICustomFormatter; jika tidak, GetFormat mengembalikan null.

public class AcctNumberFormat : IFormatProvider, ICustomFormatter
{
   private const int ACCT_LENGTH = 12;

   public object GetFormat(Type formatType)
   {
      if (formatType == typeof(ICustomFormatter))
         return this;
      else
         return null;
   }

   public string Format(string fmt, object arg, IFormatProvider formatProvider)
   {
      // Provide default formatting if arg is not an Int64.
      if (arg.GetType() != typeof(Int64))
         try {
            return HandleOtherFormats(fmt, arg);
         }
         catch (FormatException e) {
            throw new FormatException(String.Format("The format of '{0}' is invalid.", fmt), e);
         }

      // Provide default formatting for unsupported format strings.
      string ufmt = fmt.ToUpper(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture);
      if (!(ufmt == "H" || ufmt == "I"))
         try {
            return HandleOtherFormats(fmt, arg);
         }
         catch (FormatException e) {
            throw new FormatException(String.Format("The format of '{0}' is invalid.", fmt), e);
         }

      // Convert argument to a string.
      string result = arg.ToString();

      // If account number is less than 12 characters, pad with leading zeroes.
      if (result.Length < ACCT_LENGTH)
         result = result.PadLeft(ACCT_LENGTH, '0');
      // If account number is more than 12 characters, truncate to 12 characters.
      if (result.Length > ACCT_LENGTH)
         result = result.Substring(0, ACCT_LENGTH);

      if (ufmt == "I")                    // Integer-only format.
         return result;
      // Add hyphens for H format specifier.
      else                                         // Hyphenated format.
         return result.Substring(0, 5) + "-" + result.Substring(5, 3) + "-" + result.Substring(8);
   }

   private string HandleOtherFormats(string format, object arg)
   {
      if (arg is IFormattable)
         return ((IFormattable)arg).ToString(format, CultureInfo.CurrentCulture);
      else if (arg != null)
         return arg.ToString();
      else
         return String.Empty;
   }
}

open System
open System.Globalization

type AcctNumberFormat() =
    let [<Literal>] ACCT_LENGTH = 12

    interface IFormatProvider with
        member this.GetFormat(formatType: Type) =
            if formatType = typeof<ICustomFormatter> then
                this
            else
                null

    interface ICustomFormatter with
        member this.Format(fmt: string, arg: obj, formatProvider: IFormatProvider) =
            // Provide default formatting if arg is not an Int64.
            // Provide default formatting for unsupported format strings.
            let ufmt = fmt.ToUpper CultureInfo.InvariantCulture
            if arg.GetType() = typeof<Int64> && (ufmt = "H" || ufmt = "I") then
                // Convert argument to a string.
                let result = string arg

                let result =
                    // If account number is less than 12 characters, pad with leading zeroes.
                    if result.Length < ACCT_LENGTH then
                        result.PadLeft(ACCT_LENGTH, '0')
                    else result
                
                let result =
                    // If account number is more than 12 characters, truncate to 12 characters.
                    if result.Length > ACCT_LENGTH then
                        result.Substring(0, ACCT_LENGTH)
                    else result

                // Integer-only format.
                if ufmt = "I" then 
                    result
                // Add hyphens for H format specifier.
                else // Hyphenated format.
                    result.Substring(0, 5) + "-" + result.Substring(5, 3) + "-" + result.Substring(8)
            else
                try
                    this.HandleOtherFormats(fmt, arg)
                with :? FormatException as e ->
                    raise (FormatException($"The format of '{fmt}' is invalid.", e))
            
    member _.HandleOtherFormats(format: string, arg: obj) =
        match arg with
        | :? IFormattable as arg ->
            arg.ToString(format, CultureInfo.CurrentCulture)
        | null -> 
            string arg
        | _ -> 
            String.Empty

Public Class AcctNumberFormat : Implements IFormatProvider, ICustomFormatter

   Private Const ACCT_LENGTH As Integer = 12
   
   Public Function GetFormat(formatType As Type) As Object _
                   Implements IFormatProvider.GetFormat
      If formatType Is GetType(ICustomFormatter) Then
         Return Me
      Else
         Return Nothing
      End If
   End Function
   
   Public Function Format(fmt As String, arg As Object, formatProvider As IFormatProvider) As String _
                          Implements ICustomFormatter.Format

      ' Provide default formatting if arg is not an Int64.
       If Not TypeOf arg Is Int64 Then
         Try 
            Return HandleOtherFormats(fmt, arg) 
         Catch e As FormatException 
            Throw New FormatException(String.Format("The format of '{0}' is invalid.", fmt), e)
         End Try
       End If   
                     
      ' Provider default formatting for unsupported format strings.
      Dim ufmt As String = fmt.ToUpper(CultureInfo.InvariantCulture)
      If Not (ufmt = "H" Or ufmt = "I") Then
         Try
            Return HandleOtherFormats(fmt, arg)
         Catch e As FormatException 
            Throw New FormatException(String.Format("The format of '{0}' is invalid.", fmt), e)
         End Try
      End If   

      ' Convert argument to a string.
      Dim result As String = arg.ToString()
      
      ' If account number is less than 12 characters, pad with leading zeroes.
      If result.Length < ACCT_LENGTH Then result = result.PadLeft(ACCT_LENGTH, "0"c)
      ' If account number is more than 12 characters, truncate to 12 characters.
      If result.Length > ACCT_LENGTH Then result = Left(result, ACCT_LENGTH)   
      
      If ufmt = "I"                              ' Integer-only format.
         Return result
      ' Add hyphens for H format specifier.
      Else                                       ' Hypenated format.
         Return Left(result, 5) & "-" & Mid(result, 6, 3) & "-" & Right(result, 4)
      End If   
   End Function   

   Private Function HandleOtherFormats(fmt As String, arg As Object) As String
      If TypeOf arg Is IFormattable Then
         Return DirectCast(arg, IFormattable).ToString(fmt, CultureInfo.CurrentCulture)
      ElseIf arg IsNot Nothing Then
         Return arg.ToString()
      Else
         Return String.Empty
      End If
   End Function
End Class

Instans AcctNumberFormat kelas kemudian dapat diteruskan sebagai argumen ke metode yang menyediakan layanan pemformatan atau penguraian. Misalnya, kode berikut meneruskan AcctNumberFormat kelas ke String.Format(IFormatProvider, String, Object[]) metode untuk menghasilkan nomor akun 12 digit yang diformat.

using System;
using System.Globalization;

public enum DaysOfWeek { Monday=1, Tuesday=2 };

public class TestFormatting
{
   public static void Main()
   {
      long acctNumber;
      double balance;
      DaysOfWeek wday;
      string output;

      acctNumber = 104254567890;
      balance = 16.34;
      wday = DaysOfWeek.Monday;

      output = String.Format(new AcctNumberFormat(),
                             "On {2}, the balance of account {0:H} was {1:C2}.",
                             acctNumber, balance, wday);
      Console.WriteLine(output);

      wday = DaysOfWeek.Tuesday;
      output = String.Format(new AcctNumberFormat(),
                             "On {2}, the balance of account {0:I} was {1:C2}.",
                             acctNumber, balance, wday);
      Console.WriteLine(output);
   }
}
// The example displays the following output:
//       On Monday, the balance of account 10425-456-7890 was $16.34.
//       On Tuesday, the balance of account 104254567890 was $16.34.

open System
open System.Globalization

type DaysOfWeek = Monday = 1 | Tuesday = 2

[<EntryPoint>]
let main _ =
    let acctNumber = 104254567890L
    let balance = 16.34
    let wday = DaysOfWeek.Monday

    let output = 
        String.Format(AcctNumberFormat(), 
                      "On {2}, the balance of account {0:H} was {1:C2}.", 
                      acctNumber, balance, wday)
    printfn $"{output}"

    let wday = DaysOfWeek.Tuesday
    let output = 
        String.Format(AcctNumberFormat(),
                      "On {2}, the balance of account {0:I} was {1:C2}.",
                      acctNumber, balance, wday)
    printfn $"{output}"
    0

// The example displays the following output:
//       On Monday, the balance of account 10425-456-7890 was $16.34.
//       On Tuesday, the balance of account 104254567890 was $16.34.

Imports System.Globalization

Public Enum DaysOfWeek As Long
   Monday = 1
   Tuesday = 2
End Enum

Module TestFormatting
   Public Sub Main()
      Dim acctNumber As Long, balance As Double 
      Dim wday As DaysOfWeek 
      Dim output As String

      acctNumber = 104254567890
      balance = 16.34
      wday = DaysOfWeek.Monday

      output = String.Format(New AcctNumberFormat(), "On {2}, the balance of account {0:H} was {1:C2}.", acctNumber, balance, wday)
      Console.WriteLine(output)

      wday = DaysOfWeek.Tuesday
      output = String.Format(New AcctNumberFormat(), "On {2}, the balance of account {0:I} was {1:C2}.", acctNumber, balance, wday)
      Console.WriteLine(output)
   End Sub
End Module
' The example displays the following output:
'    On Monday, the balance of account 10425-456-7890 was $16.34.
'    On Tuesday, the balance of account 104254567890 was $16.34.

Keterangan

GetFormat adalah metode panggilan balik yang memformat dan mengurai metode yang dipanggil untuk mengambil informasi tentang format string input dalam operasi penguraian atau format string output dalam operasi pemformatan. formatType Dalam parameter , metode pemformatan atau penguraian melewati jenis objek yang diperlukan untuk melakukan operasinya. IFormatProvider Jika implementasi dapat menyediakan pemformatan atau objek penguraian ini, implementasi akan mengembalikan objek tersebut. Jika tidak, ia mengembalikan null.

Misalnya, dalam panggilan ke Int32.ToString(IFormatProvider) metode , argumen metode adalah IFormatProvider objek yang menyediakan informasi tentang bagaimana representasi string instans bilangan bulat saat ini mungkin diformat. Ketika runtime menjalankan metode , runtime memanggil IFormatProvider metode objek GetFormat dan meneruskannya objek Type yang mewakili NumberFormatInfo jenis . IFormatProvider Jika objek dapat menyediakan NumberFormatInfo objek, objek tersebut mengembalikan objek tersebut. Jika tidak dapat menyediakan objek jenis tersebut, objek akan nullmengembalikan .

Anda dapat menerapkan IFormatProvider antarmuka dan GetFormat metode di kelas yang menyediakan layanan pemformatan atau penguraian kustom. Implementasi IFormatProvider kemudian diteruskan sebagai argumen ke kelebihan beban metode penguraian atau pemformatan yang memiliki parameter jenis IFormatProvider, seperti String.Format(IFormatProvider, String, Object[]), Int32.ToString(String, IFormatProvider), atau DateTime.Parse(String, IFormatProvider).