UdpClient.JoinMulticastGroup Metode

Definisi

Ruang nama:

System.Net.Sockets

Rakitan:

System.Net.Sockets.dll

UdpClient Menambahkan ke grup multicast.

Overload

JoinMulticastGroup(IPAddress)	UdpClient Menambahkan ke grup multicast.
JoinMulticastGroup(Int32, IPAddress)	UdpClient Menambahkan ke grup multicast.
JoinMulticastGroup(IPAddress, Int32)	UdpClient Menambahkan ke grup multicast dengan Time to Live (TTL) yang ditentukan.
JoinMulticastGroup(IPAddress, IPAddress)	UdpClient Menambahkan ke grup multicast.

JoinMulticastGroup(IPAddress)

Sumber:

UDPClient.cs

UdpClient Menambahkan ke grup multicast.

public:
 void JoinMulticastGroup(System::Net::IPAddress ^ multicastAddr);

public void JoinMulticastGroup (System.Net.IPAddress multicastAddr);

member this.JoinMulticastGroup : System.Net.IPAddress -> unit

Public Sub JoinMulticastGroup (multicastAddr As IPAddress)

Parameter

multicastAddr

IPAddress

Multicast IPAddress grup yang ingin Anda gabungkan.

Pengecualian

ObjectDisposedException

Yang mendasar Socket telah ditutup.

SocketException

Terjadi kesalahan saat mengakses soket.

ArgumentException

Alamat IP tidak kompatibel dengan AddressFamily nilai yang menentukan skema penetapan alamat soket.

Contoh

Contoh kode berikut menunjukkan cara bergabung dengan grup multicast dengan menyediakan alamat multicast.

#using <System.dll>

using namespace System;
using namespace System::Net;
using namespace System::Net::Sockets;
using namespace System::Text;
using namespace System::IO;
using namespace System::Threading;

// The following Receive class is used by both the ClientOriginator and
// the ClientTarget class to receive data from one another..
public ref class Receive
{
public:

   // The following static method performs the actual data
   // exchange. In particular, it performs the following tasks:
   // 1)Establishes a communication endpoint.
   // 2)Receive data through this end point on behalf of the
   // caller.
   // 3) Returns the received data in ASCII format.
   static String^ ReceiveUntilStop( UdpClient^ c )
   {
      String^ strData = "";
      String^ Ret = "";
      ASCIIEncoding^ ASCII = gcnew ASCIIEncoding;
      
      // Establish the communication endpoint.
      IPEndPoint^ endpoint = gcnew IPEndPoint( IPAddress::IPv6Any,50 );
      while (  !strData->Equals( "Over" ) )
      {
         array<Byte>^data = c->Receive( endpoint );
         strData = ASCII->GetString( data );
         Ret = String::Concat( Ret, strData, "\n" );
      }

      return Ret;
   }

};


// The following Send class is used by both the ClientOriginator and
// ClientTarget classes to send data to one another.
public ref class Send
{
private:
   static array<Char>^greetings = {'H','e','l','l','o',' ','T','a','r','g','e','t','->'};
   static array<Char>^nice = {'H','a','v','e',' ','a',' ','n','i','c','e',' ','d','a','y','->'};
   static array<Char>^eom = {'O','v','e','r'};
   static array<Char>^tGreetings = {'H','e','l','l','o',' ','O','r','i','g','i','n','a','t','o','r','!'};
   static array<Char>^tNice = {'Y','o','u',' ','t','o','o','->'};

public:

   // The following static method sends data to the ClientTarget on
   // behalf of the ClientOriginator.
   static void OriginatorSendData( UdpClient^ c, IPEndPoint^ ep )
   {
      Console::WriteLine( gcnew String( greetings ) );
      c->Send( GetByteArray( greetings ), greetings->Length, ep );
      Thread::Sleep( 1000 );
      Console::WriteLine( gcnew String( nice ) );
      c->Send( GetByteArray( nice ), nice->Length, ep );
      Thread::Sleep( 1000 );
      Console::WriteLine( gcnew String( eom ) );
      c->Send( GetByteArray( eom ), eom->Length, ep );
   }


   // The following static method sends data to the ClientOriginator on
   // behalf of the ClientTarget.
   static void TargetSendData( UdpClient^ c, IPEndPoint^ ep )
   {
      Console::WriteLine( gcnew String( tGreetings ) );
      c->Send( GetByteArray( tGreetings ), tGreetings->Length, ep );
      Thread::Sleep( 1000 );
      Console::WriteLine( gcnew String( tNice ) );
      c->Send( GetByteArray( tNice ), tNice->Length, ep );
      Thread::Sleep( 1000 );
      Console::WriteLine( gcnew String( eom ) );
      c->Send( GetByteArray( eom ), eom->Length, ep );
   }


private:

   // Internal utility
   static array<Byte>^ GetByteArray( array<Char>^ChArray )
   {
      array<Byte>^Ret = gcnew array<Byte>(ChArray->Length);
      for ( int i = 0; i < ChArray->Length; i++ )
         Ret[ i ] = (Byte)ChArray[ i ];
      return Ret;
   }

};


// The ClientTarget class is the receiver of the ClientOriginator
// messages. The StartMulticastConversation method contains the
// logic for exchanging data between the ClientTarget and its
// counterpart ClientOriginator in a multicast operation.
public ref class ClientTarget
{
private:
   static UdpClient^ m_ClientTarget;
   static IPAddress^ m_GrpAddr;

public:

   // The following StartMulticastConversation method connects the UDP
   // ClientTarget with the ClientOriginator.
   // It performs the following main tasks:
   // 1)Creates a UDP client to receive data on a specific port and using
   // IPv6 addresses. The port is the same one used by the ClientOriginator
   // to define its communication endpoint.
   // 2)Joins or creates a multicast group at the specified address.
   // 3)Defines the endpoint port to send data to the ClientOriginator.
   // 4)Receives data from the ClientOriginator until the end of the
   // communication.
   // 5)Sends data to the ClientOriginator.
   // Note this method is the counterpart of the
   // ClientOriginator::ConnectOriginatorAndTarget().
   static void StartMulticastConversation()
   {
      String^ Ret;
      
      // Bind and listen on port 1000. Specify the IPv6 address family type.
      m_ClientTarget = gcnew UdpClient( 1000,AddressFamily::InterNetworkV6 );
      
      // Join or create a multicast group
      m_GrpAddr = IPAddress::Parse( "FF01::1" );
      
      // Use the overloaded JoinMulticastGroup method.
      // Refer to the ClientOriginator method to see how to use the other
      // methods.
      m_ClientTarget->JoinMulticastGroup( m_GrpAddr );
      
      // Define the endpoint data port. Note that this port number
      // must match the ClientOriginator UDP port number which is the
      // port on which the ClientOriginator is receiving data.
      IPEndPoint^ ClientOriginatordest = gcnew IPEndPoint( m_GrpAddr,2000 );
      
      // Receive data from the ClientOriginator.
      Ret = Receive::ReceiveUntilStop( m_ClientTarget );
      Console::WriteLine( "\nThe ClientTarget received: \n\n {0}\n", Ret );
      
      // Done receiving, now respond to the ClientOriginator.
      // Wait to make sure the ClientOriginator is ready to receive.
      Thread::Sleep( 2000 );
      Console::WriteLine( "\nThe ClientTarget sent:\n" );
      Send::TargetSendData( m_ClientTarget, ClientOriginatordest );
      
      // Exit the multicast conversation.
      m_ClientTarget->DropMulticastGroup( m_GrpAddr );
   }

};


// The following ClientOriginator class starts the multicast conversation
// with the ClientTarget class..
// It performs the following main tasks:
// 1)Creates a socket and binds it to the port on which to communicate.
// 2)Specifies that the connection must use an IPv6 address.
// 3)Joins or create a multicast group.
//   Note that the multicast address ranges to use are specified
//   in the RFC#2375.
// 4)Defines the endpoint to send the data to and starts the
// client target (ClientTarget) thread.
public ref class ClientOriginator
{
private:
   static UdpClient^ clientOriginator;
   static IPAddress^ m_GrpAddr;
   static IPEndPoint^ m_ClientTargetdest;
   static Thread^ m_t;

public:

   // The ConnectOriginatorAndTarget method connects the
   // ClientOriginator with the ClientTarget.
   // It performs the following main tasks:
   // 1)Creates a UDP client to receive data on a specific port
   //   using IPv6 addresses.
   // 2)Joins or create a multicast group at the specified address.
   // 3)Defines the endpoint port to send data to on the ClientTarget.
   // 4)Starts the ClientTarget thread that also creates the ClientTarget Object*.
   // Note this method is the counterpart of the
   // ClientTarget::StartMulticastConversation().
   static bool ConnectOriginatorAndTarget()
   {
      try
      {
         
         // Bind and listen on port 2000. This constructor creates a socket
         // and binds it to the port on which to receive data. The family
         // parameter specifies that this connection uses an IPv6 address.
         clientOriginator = gcnew UdpClient( 2000,AddressFamily::InterNetworkV6 );
         
         // Join or create a multicast group. The multicast address ranges
         // to use are specified in RFC#2375. You are free to use
         // different addresses.
         // Transform the String* address into the internal format.
         m_GrpAddr = IPAddress::Parse( "FF01::1" );
         
         // Display the multicast address used.
         Console::WriteLine( "Multicast Address: [ {0}]", m_GrpAddr );
         
         // Exercise the use of the IPv6MulticastOption.
         Console::WriteLine( "Instantiate IPv6MulticastOption(IPAddress)" );
         
         // Instantiate IPv6MulticastOption using one of the
         // overloaded constructors.
         IPv6MulticastOption^ ipv6MulticastOption = gcnew IPv6MulticastOption( m_GrpAddr );
         
         // Store the IPAdress multicast options.
         IPAddress^ group = ipv6MulticastOption->Group;
         __int64 interfaceIndex = ipv6MulticastOption->InterfaceIndex;
         
         // Display IPv6MulticastOption properties.
         Console::WriteLine( "IPv6MulticastOption::Group: [ {0}]", group );
         Console::WriteLine( "IPv6MulticastOption::InterfaceIndex: [ {0}]", interfaceIndex );
         
         // Instantiate IPv6MulticastOption using another
         // overloaded constructor.
         IPv6MulticastOption^ ipv6MulticastOption2 = gcnew IPv6MulticastOption( group,interfaceIndex );
         
         // Store the IPAdress multicast options.
         group = ipv6MulticastOption2->Group;
         interfaceIndex = ipv6MulticastOption2->InterfaceIndex;
         
         // Display the IPv6MulticastOption2 properties.
         Console::WriteLine( "IPv6MulticastOption::Group: [ {0} ]", group );
         Console::WriteLine( "IPv6MulticastOption::InterfaceIndex: [ {0} ]", interfaceIndex );
         
         // Join the specified multicast group using one of the
         // JoinMulticastGroup overloaded methods.
         clientOriginator->JoinMulticastGroup( (int)interfaceIndex, group );
         
         // Define the endpoint data port. Note that this port number
         // must match the ClientTarget UDP port number which is the
         // port on which the ClientTarget is receiving data.
         m_ClientTargetdest = gcnew IPEndPoint( m_GrpAddr,1000 );
         
         // Start the ClientTarget thread so it is ready to receive.
         m_t = gcnew Thread( gcnew ThreadStart( ClientTarget::StartMulticastConversation ) );
         m_t->Start();
         
         // Make sure that the thread has started.
         Thread::Sleep( 2000 );
         return true;
      }
      catch ( Exception^ e ) 
      {
         Console::WriteLine( "[ClientOriginator::ConnectClients] Exception: {0}", e );
         return false;
      }

   }


   // The SendAndReceive performs the data exchange
   // between the ClientOriginator and the ClientTarget classes.
   static String^ SendAndReceive()
   {
      String^ Ret = "";
      
      // Send data to ClientTarget.
      Console::WriteLine( "\nThe ClientOriginator sent:\n" );
      Send::OriginatorSendData( clientOriginator, m_ClientTargetdest );
      
      // Receive data from ClientTarget
      Ret = Receive::ReceiveUntilStop( clientOriginator );
      
      // Stop the ClientTarget thread
      m_t->Abort();
      
      // Abandon the multicast group.
      clientOriginator->DropMulticastGroup( m_GrpAddr );
      
      return Ret;
   }

};


//This is the console application entry point.
int main()
{
   
   // Join the multicast group.
   if ( ClientOriginator::ConnectOriginatorAndTarget() )
   {
      
      // Perform a multicast conversation with the ClientTarget.
      String^ Ret = ClientOriginator::SendAndReceive();
      Console::WriteLine( "\nThe ClientOriginator received: \n\n {0}", Ret );
   }
   else
   {
      Console::WriteLine( "Unable to Join the multicast group" );
   }
}

using System;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Text;
using System.IO;
using System.Threading;

namespace Mssc.TransportProtocols.Utilities
{

  // The following Receive class is used by both the ClientOriginator and
  // the ClientTarget class to receive data from one another..
  public class Receive
  {
    // The following static method performs the actual data
    // exchange. In particular, it performs the following tasks:
    // 1)Establishes a communication endpoint.
    // 2)Receive data through this end point on behalf of the
    // caller.
    // 3) Returns the received data in ASCII format.
    public static string ReceiveUntilStop(UdpClient c)
    {
        String strData = "";
        String Ret = "";
        ASCIIEncoding ASCII = new ASCIIEncoding();

        // Establish the communication endpoint.
        IPEndPoint endpoint = new IPEndPoint(IPAddress.IPv6Any, 50);

        while (!strData.Equals("Over"))
        {
          Byte[] data = c.Receive(ref endpoint);
          strData = ASCII.GetString(data);
          Ret += strData  + "\n";
        }
        return Ret;
    }
  }

  // The following Send class is used by both the ClientOriginator and
  // ClientTarget classes to send data to one another.
  public class Send
  {
    private static char[] greetings = { 'H', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o', ' ',
                                      'T', 'a', 'r', 'g', 'e', 't', '.' };
    private static char[] nice      = { 'H', 'a', 'v', 'e', ' ', 'a', ' ', 'n', 'i',
                                      'c', 'e', ' ', 'd', 'a', 'y', '.' };
    private static char [] eom      = { 'O', 'v', 'e', 'r'};

    private static char[] tGreetings = { 'H', 'e', 'l', 'l', 'o', ' ',
                                       'O', 'r', 'i', 'g', 'i', 'n', 'a', 't', 'o', 'r', '!' };
    private static char[] tNice  = { 'Y', 'o', 'u', ' ', 't', 'o', 'o', '.'};

    // The following static method sends data to the ClientTarget on
    // behalf of the ClientOriginator.
    public static void OriginatorSendData(UdpClient c, IPEndPoint ep)
    {
      Console.WriteLine(new string(greetings));
      c.Send(GetByteArray(greetings), greetings.Length, ep);
      Thread.Sleep(1000);

      Console.WriteLine(new String(nice));
      c.Send(GetByteArray(nice), nice.Length, ep);

      Thread.Sleep(1000);
      Console.WriteLine(new String(eom));
      c.Send(GetByteArray(eom), eom.Length, ep);
    }

    // The following static method sends data to the ClientOriginator on
    // behalf of the ClientTarget.
    public static void TargetSendData(UdpClient c, IPEndPoint ep)
    {
      Console.WriteLine(new string(tGreetings));
      c.Send(GetByteArray(tGreetings), tGreetings.Length, ep);
      Thread.Sleep(1000);

      Console.WriteLine(new String(tNice));
      c.Send(GetByteArray(tNice), tNice.Length, ep);

      Thread.Sleep(1000);
      Console.WriteLine(new String(eom));
      c.Send(GetByteArray(eom), eom.Length, ep);
    }
    // Internal utility
    private static Byte[] GetByteArray(Char[] ChArray)
    {
      Byte[] Ret = new Byte[ChArray.Length];
      for (int i = 0; i < ChArray.Length; i++)
        Ret[i] = (Byte) ChArray[i];
      return Ret;
    }
  }

  // The ClientTarget class is the receiver of the ClientOriginator
  // messages. The StartMulticastConversation method contains the
  // logic for exchanging data between the ClientTarget and its
  // counterpart ClientOriginator in a multicast operation.
  public class ClientTarget
  {
    private static UdpClient m_ClientTarget;
    private static IPAddress m_GrpAddr;

    // The following StartMulticastConversation method connects the UDP
    // ClientTarget with the ClientOriginator.
    // It performs the following main tasks:
    // 1)Creates a UDP client to receive data on a specific port and using
    // IPv6 addresses. The port is the same one used by the ClientOriginator
    // to define its communication endpoint.
    // 2)Joins or creates a multicast group at the specified address.
    // 3)Defines the endpoint port to send data to the ClientOriginator.
    // 4)Receives data from the ClientOriginator until the end of the
    // communication.
    // 5)Sends data to the ClientOriginator.
    // Note this method is the counterpart of the
    // ClientOriginator.ConnectOriginatorAndTarget().
    public static void StartMulticastConversation()
    {
      string Ret;

      // Bind and listen on port 1000. Specify the IPv6 address family type.
      m_ClientTarget = new UdpClient(1000, AddressFamily.InterNetworkV6);

      // Join or create a multicast group
      m_GrpAddr = IPAddress.Parse("FF01::1");

      // Use the overloaded JoinMulticastGroup method.
      // Refer to the ClientOriginator method to see how to use the other
      // methods.
      m_ClientTarget.JoinMulticastGroup(m_GrpAddr);

      // Define the endpoint data port. Note that this port number
      // must match the ClientOriginator UDP port number which is the
      // port on which the ClientOriginator is receiving data.
      IPEndPoint ClientOriginatordest = new IPEndPoint(m_GrpAddr, 2000);

      // Receive data from the ClientOriginator.
      Ret = Receive.ReceiveUntilStop(m_ClientTarget);
      Console.WriteLine("\nThe ClientTarget received: " + "\n\n" + Ret + "\n");

      // Done receiving, now respond to the ClientOriginator.

      // Wait to make sure the ClientOriginator is ready to receive.
      Thread.Sleep(2000);

      Console.WriteLine("\nThe ClientTarget sent:\n");

      Send.TargetSendData(m_ClientTarget, ClientOriginatordest);

      // Exit the multicast conversation.
      m_ClientTarget.DropMulticastGroup(m_GrpAddr);
    }
  }

  // The following ClientOriginator class starts the multicast conversation
  // with the ClientTarget class..
  // It performs the following main tasks:
  // 1)Creates a socket and binds it to the port on which to communicate.
  // 2)Specifies that the connection must use an IPv6 address.
  // 3)Joins or create a multicast group.
  //   Note that the multicast address ranges to use are specified
  //   in the RFC#2375.
  // 4)Defines the endpoint to send the data to and starts the
  // client target (ClientTarget) thread.
  public class ClientOriginator
  {
    private static UdpClient clientOriginator;
    private static IPAddress m_GrpAddr;
    private static IPEndPoint m_ClientTargetdest;
    private static Thread m_t;

    // The ConnectOriginatorAndTarget method connects the
    // ClientOriginator with the ClientTarget.
    // It performs the following main tasks:
    // 1)Creates a UDP client to receive data on a specific port
    //   using IPv6 addresses.
    // 2)Joins or create a multicast group at the specified address.
    // 3)Defines the endpoint port to send data to on the ClientTarget.
    // 4)Starts the ClientTarget thread that also creates the ClientTarget object.
    // Note this method is the counterpart of the
    // ClientTarget.StartMulticastConversation().
    public static bool ConnectOriginatorAndTarget()
    {
      try
      {

        // Bind and listen on port 2000. This constructor creates a socket
        // and binds it to the port on which to receive data. The family
        // parameter specifies that this connection uses an IPv6 address.
        clientOriginator = new UdpClient(2000, AddressFamily.InterNetworkV6);

        // Join or create a multicast group. The multicast address ranges
        // to use are specified in RFC#2375. You are free to use
        // different addresses.

        // Transform the string address into the internal format.
        m_GrpAddr = IPAddress.Parse("FF01::1");

        // Display the multicast address used.
        Console.WriteLine("Multicast Address: [" + m_GrpAddr.ToString() + "]");

        // Exercise the use of the IPv6MulticastOption.
        Console.WriteLine("Instantiate IPv6MulticastOption(IPAddress)");

        // Instantiate IPv6MulticastOption using one of the
        // overloaded constructors.
        IPv6MulticastOption ipv6MulticastOption = new IPv6MulticastOption(m_GrpAddr);

        // Store the IPAdress multicast options.
        IPAddress group =  ipv6MulticastOption.Group;
        long interfaceIndex = ipv6MulticastOption.InterfaceIndex;

        // Display IPv6MulticastOption properties.
        Console.WriteLine("IPv6MulticastOption.Group: [" + group  + "]");
        Console.WriteLine("IPv6MulticastOption.InterfaceIndex: [" + interfaceIndex + "]");



        // Instantiate IPv6MulticastOption using another
        // overloaded constructor.
        IPv6MulticastOption ipv6MulticastOption2 = new IPv6MulticastOption(group, interfaceIndex);

        // Store the IPAdress multicast options.
        group =  ipv6MulticastOption2.Group;
        interfaceIndex = ipv6MulticastOption2.InterfaceIndex;

        // Display the IPv6MulticastOption2 properties.
        Console.WriteLine("IPv6MulticastOption.Group: [" + group  + "]");
        Console.WriteLine("IPv6MulticastOption.InterfaceIndex: [" + interfaceIndex + "]");

        // Join the specified multicast group using one of the
        // JoinMulticastGroup overloaded methods.
        clientOriginator.JoinMulticastGroup((int)interfaceIndex, group);


        // Define the endpoint data port. Note that this port number
        // must match the ClientTarget UDP port number which is the
        // port on which the ClientTarget is receiving data.
        m_ClientTargetdest = new IPEndPoint(m_GrpAddr, 1000);


        // Start the ClientTarget thread so it is ready to receive.
        m_t = new Thread(new ThreadStart(ClientTarget.StartMulticastConversation));
        m_t.Start();

        // Make sure that the thread has started.
        Thread.Sleep(2000);

        return true;
      }
      catch (Exception e)
      {
        Console.WriteLine("[ClientOriginator.ConnectClients] Exception: " + e.ToString());
        return false;
      }
    }

    // The SendAndReceive performs the data exchange
    // between the ClientOriginator and the ClientTarget classes.
    public static string SendAndReceive()
    {
      string Ret = "";


      // Send data to ClientTarget.
      Console.WriteLine("\nThe ClientOriginator sent:\n");
      Send.OriginatorSendData(clientOriginator, m_ClientTargetdest);

      // Receive data from ClientTarget
      Ret = Receive.ReceiveUntilStop(clientOriginator);

      // Stop the ClientTarget thread
      m_t.Abort();

      // Abandon the multicast group.
      clientOriginator.DropMulticastGroup(m_GrpAddr);


      return Ret;
    }

    //This is the console application entry point.
    public static void Main()
    {
      // Join the multicast group.
      if (ConnectOriginatorAndTarget())
      {
        // Perform a multicast conversation with the ClientTarget.
        string Ret = SendAndReceive();
        Console.WriteLine("\nThe ClientOriginator received: " + "\n\n" + Ret);
      }
      else
      {
        Console.WriteLine("Unable to Join the multicast group");
      }
    }
}
}

Imports System.Net
Imports System.Net.Sockets
Imports System.Text
Imports System.IO
Imports System.Threading

' The following Receive class is used by both the ClientOriginator and 
' the ClientTarget class to receive data from one another..

Public Class Receive
   
   ' The following static method performs the actual data
   ' exchange. In particular, it performs the following tasks:
   ' 1)Establishes a communication endpoint.
   ' 2)Receive data through this end point on behalf of the
   ' caller.
   ' 3) Returns the received data in ASCII format.
   Public Shared Function ReceiveUntilStop(c As UdpClient) As String
      Dim strData As [String] = ""
      Dim Ret As [String] = ""
      Dim ASCII As New ASCIIEncoding()
      
      ' Establish the communication endpoint.
      Dim endpoint As New IPEndPoint(IPAddress.IPv6Any, 50)
      
      While Not strData.Equals("Over")
         Dim data As [Byte]() = c.Receive(endpoint)
         strData = ASCII.GetString(data)
         Ret += strData + ControlChars.Lf
      End While
      Return Ret
   End Function 'ReceiveUntilStop
End Class

' The following Send class is used by both the ClientOriginator and 
' ClientTarget classes to send data to one another.

Public Class Send
   Private Shared greetings As Char() =  {"H"c, "e"c, "l"c, "l"c, "o"c, " "c, "T"c, "a"c, "r"c, "g"c, "e"c, "t"c, "."c}
   Private Shared nice As Char() =  {"H"c, "a"c, "v"c, "e"c, " "c, "a"c, " "c, "n"c, "i"c, "c"c, "e"c, " "c, "d"c, "a"c, "y"c, "."c}
   Private Shared eom As Char() =  {"O"c, "v"c, "e"c, "r"c}
   
   Private Shared tGreetings As Char() =  {"H"c, "e"c, "l"c, "l"c, "o"c, " "c, "O"c, "r"c, "i"c, "g"c, "i"c, "n"c, "a"c, "t"c, "o"c, "r"c, "!"c}
   Private Shared tNice As Char() =  {"Y"c, "o"c, "u"c, " "c, "t"c, "o"c, "o"c, "."c}
   
   
   ' The following static method sends data to the ClientTarget on 
   ' behalf of the ClientOriginator.
   Public Shared Sub OriginatorSendData(c As UdpClient, ep As IPEndPoint)
      Console.WriteLine(New String(greetings))
      c.Send(GetByteArray(greetings), greetings.Length, ep)
      Thread.Sleep(1000)
      
      Console.WriteLine(New [String](nice))
      c.Send(GetByteArray(nice), nice.Length, ep)
      
      Thread.Sleep(1000)
      Console.WriteLine(New [String](eom))
      c.Send(GetByteArray(eom), eom.Length, ep)
   End Sub
   
   
   ' The following static method sends data to the ClientOriginator on 
   ' behalf of the ClientTarget.
   Public Shared Sub TargetSendData(c As UdpClient, ep As IPEndPoint)
      Console.WriteLine(New String(tGreetings))
      c.Send(GetByteArray(tGreetings), tGreetings.Length, ep)
      Thread.Sleep(1000)
      
      Console.WriteLine(New [String](tNice))
      c.Send(GetByteArray(tNice), tNice.Length, ep)
      
      Thread.Sleep(1000)
      Console.WriteLine(New [String](eom))
      c.Send(GetByteArray(eom), eom.Length, ep)
   End Sub
   
   ' Internal utility 
   Public Shared Function GetByteArray(ChArray() As [Char]) As [Byte]()
      Dim Ret(ChArray.Length) As [Byte]
      
      Dim i As Integer
      For i = 0 To ChArray.Length - 1
         Ret(i) = AscW(ChArray(i))
      Next i 
      Return Ret
   End Function 'GetByteArray

End Class


' The ClientTarget class is the receiver of the ClientOriginator 
' messages. The StartMulticastConversation method contains the 
' logic for exchanging data between the ClientTarget and its 
' counterpart ClientOriginator in a multicast operation.

Public Class ClientTarget
   Private Shared m_ClientTarget As UdpClient
   Private Shared m_GrpAddr As IPAddress
   
   
   ' The following StartMulticastConversation method connects the UDP 
   ' ClientTarget with the ClientOriginator. 
   ' It performs the following main tasks:
   ' 1)Creates a UDP client to receive data on a specific port and using 
   ' IPv6 addresses. The port is the same one used by the ClientOriginator 
   ' to define its communication endpoint.
   ' 2)Joins or creates a multicast group at the specified address.  
   ' 3)Defines the endpoint port to send data to the ClientOriginator.
   ' 4)Receives data from the ClientOriginator until the end of the 
   ' communication.
   ' 5)Sends data to the ClientOriginator.
   ' Note this method is the counterpart of the 
   ' ClientOriginator.ConnectOriginatorAndTarget().
   Public Shared Sub StartMulticastConversation()
      Dim Ret As String
      
      ' Bind and listen on port 1000. Specify the IPv6 address family type.
      m_ClientTarget = New UdpClient(1000, AddressFamily.InterNetworkV6)
      
      ' Join or create a multicast group
      m_GrpAddr = IPAddress.Parse("FF01::1")
      
      ' Use the overloaded JoinMulticastGroup method.  
      ' Refer to the ClientOriginator method to see how to use the other 
      ' methods.
      m_ClientTarget.JoinMulticastGroup(m_GrpAddr)
      
      ' Define the endpoint data port. Note that this port number
      ' must match the ClientOriginator UDP port number which is the
      ' port on which the ClientOriginator is receiving data.
      Dim ClientOriginatordest As New IPEndPoint(m_GrpAddr, 2000)
      
      ' Receive data from the ClientOriginator.
      Ret = Receive.ReceiveUntilStop(m_ClientTarget)
      Console.WriteLine((ControlChars.Lf + "The ClientTarget received: " + ControlChars.Lf + ControlChars.Lf + Ret + ControlChars.Lf))
      
      ' Done receiving, now respond to the ClientOriginator.
      ' Wait to make sure the ClientOriginator is ready to receive.
      Thread.Sleep(2000)
      
      Console.WriteLine(ControlChars.Lf + "The ClientTarget sent:" + ControlChars.Lf)
      
      Send.TargetSendData(m_ClientTarget, ClientOriginatordest)
      
      ' Exit the multicast conversation. 
      m_ClientTarget.DropMulticastGroup(m_GrpAddr)
   End Sub
End Class


' The following ClientOriginator class starts the multicast conversation
' with the ClientTarget class.. 
' It performs the following main tasks:
' 1)Creates a socket and binds it to the port on which to communicate.
' 2)Specifies that the connection must use an IPv6 address.
' 3)Joins or create a multicast group. 
'   Note that the multicast address ranges to use are specified 
'   in the RFC#2375. 
' 4)Defines the endpoint to send the data to and starts the 
' client target (ClientTarget) thread.

Public Class ClientOriginator
   Private Shared clientOriginator As UdpClient
   Private Shared m_GrpAddr As IPAddress
   Private Shared m_ClientTargetdest As IPEndPoint
   Private Shared m_t As Thread
   
   
   ' The ConnectOriginatorAndTarget method connects the 
   ' ClientOriginator with the ClientTarget.
   ' It performs the following main tasks:
   ' 1)Creates a UDP client to receive data on a specific port 
   '   using IPv6 addresses. 
   ' 2)Joins or create a multicast group at the specified address.  
   ' 3)Defines the endpoint port to send data to on the ClientTarget.
   ' 4)Starts the ClientTarget thread that also creates the ClientTarget object.
   ' Note this method is the counterpart of the 
   ' ClientTarget.StartMulticastConversation().
   Public Shared Function ConnectOriginatorAndTarget() As Boolean
      Try
         ' Bind and listen on port 2000. This constructor creates a socket 
         ' and binds it to the port on which to receive data. The family 
         ' parameter specifies that this connection uses an IPv6 address.
         clientOriginator = New UdpClient(2000, AddressFamily.InterNetworkV6)
         
         ' Join or create a multicast group. The multicast address ranges 
         ' to use are specified in RFC#2375. You are free to use 
         ' different addresses.
         ' Transform the string address into the internal format.
         m_GrpAddr = IPAddress.Parse("FF01::1")
         
         ' Display the multicast address used.
         Console.WriteLine(("Multicast Address: [" + m_GrpAddr.ToString() + "]"))
         
         ' Exercise the use of the IPv6MulticastOption.
         Console.WriteLine("Instantiate IPv6MulticastOption(IPAddress)")
         
         ' Instantiate IPv6MulticastOption using one of the 
         ' overloaded constructors.
         Dim ipv6MulticastOption As New IPv6MulticastOption(m_GrpAddr)
         
         ' Store the IPAdress multicast options.
         Dim group As IPAddress = ipv6MulticastOption.Group
         Dim interfaceIndex As Long = ipv6MulticastOption.InterfaceIndex
         
         ' Display IPv6MulticastOption properties.
         Console.WriteLine(("IPv6MulticastOption.Group: [" + group.ToString() + "]"))
         Console.WriteLine(("IPv6MulticastOption.InterfaceIndex: [" + interfaceIndex.ToString() + "]"))
         
         ' Instantiate IPv6MulticastOption using another 
         ' overloaded constructor.
         Dim ipv6MulticastOption2 As New IPv6MulticastOption(group, interfaceIndex)
         
         ' Store the IPAdress multicast options.
         group = ipv6MulticastOption2.Group
         interfaceIndex = ipv6MulticastOption2.InterfaceIndex
         
         ' Display the IPv6MulticastOption2 properties.
         Console.WriteLine(("IPv6MulticastOption.Group: [" + group.ToString() + "]"))
         Console.WriteLine(("IPv6MulticastOption.InterfaceIndex: [" + interfaceIndex.ToString() + "]"))
         
         ' Join the specified multicast group using one of the 
         ' JoinMulticastGroup overloaded methods.
         clientOriginator.JoinMulticastGroup(Fix(interfaceIndex), group)
         
         ' Define the endpoint data port. Note that this port number
         ' must match the ClientTarget UDP port number which is the
         ' port on which the ClientTarget is receiving data.
         m_ClientTargetdest = New IPEndPoint(m_GrpAddr, 1000)
         
         ' Start the ClientTarget thread so it is ready to receive.
         m_t = New Thread(New ThreadStart(AddressOf ClientTarget.StartMulticastConversation))
         m_t.Start()
         
         ' Make sure that the thread has started.
         Thread.Sleep(2000)
         
         Return True
      Catch e As Exception
         Console.WriteLine(("[ClientOriginator.ConnectClients] Exception: " + e.ToString()))
         Return False
      End Try
   End Function 'ConnectOriginatorAndTarget
   
   
   ' The SendAndReceive performs the data exchange  
   ' between the ClientOriginator and the ClientTarget classes.
   Public Shared Function SendAndReceive() As String
      Dim Ret As String = ""
      
      ' Send data to ClientTarget.
      Console.WriteLine(ControlChars.Lf + "The ClientOriginator sent:" + ControlChars.Lf)
      Send.OriginatorSendData(clientOriginator, m_ClientTargetdest)
      
      ' Receive data from ClientTarget
      Ret = Receive.ReceiveUntilStop(clientOriginator)
      
      ' Stop the ClientTarget thread
      m_t.Abort()
      
      ' Abandon the multicast group.
      clientOriginator.DropMulticastGroup(m_GrpAddr)
      
      Return Ret
   End Function 'SendAndReceive
   
   
   'This is the console application entry point.
   Public Shared Sub Main()
      ' Join the multicast group.
      If ConnectOriginatorAndTarget() Then
         ' Perform a multicast conversation with the ClientTarget.
         Dim Ret As String = SendAndReceive()
         Console.WriteLine((ControlChars.Lf + "The ClientOriginator received: " + ControlChars.Lf + ControlChars.Lf + Ret))
      Else
         Console.WriteLine("Unable to Join the multicast group")
      End If
   End Sub
End Class

Keterangan

Metode JoinMulticastGroup berlangganan UdpClient ke grup multicast menggunakan yang ditentukan IPAddress. Setelah memanggil JoinMulticastGroup metode , yang mendasar Socket mengirimkan paket Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) ke router yang meminta keanggotaan ke grup multicast. Rentang alamat multicast adalah 224.0.0.0 hingga 239.255.255.255. Jika Anda menentukan alamat di luar rentang ini atau jika router tempat permintaan dibuat tidak diaktifkan multicast, UdpClient akan melempar SocketException. Jika Anda menerima SocketException, gunakan SocketException.ErrorCode untuk mendapatkan kode kesalahan tertentu. Setelah mendapatkan kode ini, Anda dapat merujuk ke dokumentasi kode kesalahan API Windows Sockets versi 2 untuk deskripsi terperinci tentang kesalahan tersebut. UdpClient Setelah terdaftar dengan router sebagai anggota grup multicast, ia akan dapat menerima datagram multicast yang dikirim ke yang ditentukanIPAddress.

Catatan

Anda harus membuat UdpClient menggunakan nomor port multicast; jika tidak, Anda tidak akan dapat menerima datagram multicast. Jangan panggil Connect metode sebelum memanggil JoinMulticastGroup metode , atau Receive metode tidak akan berfungsi. Anda tidak perlu termasuk dalam grup multicast untuk mengirim datagram ke alamat IP multicast.

Sebelum bergabung dengan grup multicast, pastikan soket terikat ke port atau titik akhir. Anda melakukannya dengan memanggil salah satu konstruktor yang menerima port atau titik akhir sebagai parameter.

Untuk berhenti menerima datagram multicasted, panggil DropMulticastGroup metode dan berikan IPAddress grup tempat Anda ingin menarik.

Catatan

Dalam kasus IPv6, ada beberapa rentang alamat multicast yang dapat Anda pilih. Silakan, lihat IETF RFC 2375.

Catatan

Anda tidak dapat memanggil JoinMulticastGroup pada yang UdpClient dibangun tanpa port lokal tertentu (yaitu, menggunakan UdpClient() konstruktor atau UdpClient(AddressFamily) ).

Lihat juga

• DropMulticastGroup(IPAddress)

JoinMulticastGroup(Int32, IPAddress)

Sumber:

UDPClient.cs

UdpClient Menambahkan ke grup multicast.

public:
 void JoinMulticastGroup(int ifindex, System::Net::IPAddress ^ multicastAddr);

public void JoinMulticastGroup (int ifindex, System.Net.IPAddress multicastAddr);

member this.JoinMulticastGroup : int * System.Net.IPAddress -> unit

Public Sub JoinMulticastGroup (ifindex As Integer, multicastAddr As IPAddress)

Parameter

ifindex

Int32

Indeks antarmuka yang terkait dengan alamat IP lokal untuk bergabung dengan grup multicast.

multicastAddr

IPAddress

Multicast IPAddress grup yang ingin Anda gabungkan.

Pengecualian

ObjectDisposedException

Yang mendasar Socket telah ditutup.

SocketException

Terjadi kesalahan saat mengakses soket.

Contoh

// Instantiate IPv6MulticastOption using another
// overloaded constructor.
IPv6MulticastOption^ ipv6MulticastOption2 = gcnew IPv6MulticastOption( group,interfaceIndex );

// Store the IPAdress multicast options.
group = ipv6MulticastOption2->Group;
interfaceIndex = ipv6MulticastOption2->InterfaceIndex;

// Display the IPv6MulticastOption2 properties.
Console::WriteLine( "IPv6MulticastOption::Group: [ {0} ]", group );
Console::WriteLine( "IPv6MulticastOption::InterfaceIndex: [ {0} ]", interfaceIndex );

// Join the specified multicast group using one of the
// JoinMulticastGroup overloaded methods.
clientOriginator->JoinMulticastGroup( (int)interfaceIndex, group );

// Instantiate IPv6MulticastOption using another
// overloaded constructor.
IPv6MulticastOption ipv6MulticastOption2 = new IPv6MulticastOption(group, interfaceIndex);

// Store the IPAdress multicast options.
group =  ipv6MulticastOption2.Group;
interfaceIndex = ipv6MulticastOption2.InterfaceIndex;

// Display the IPv6MulticastOption2 properties.
Console.WriteLine("IPv6MulticastOption.Group: [" + group  + "]");
Console.WriteLine("IPv6MulticastOption.InterfaceIndex: [" + interfaceIndex + "]");

// Join the specified multicast group using one of the
// JoinMulticastGroup overloaded methods.
clientOriginator.JoinMulticastGroup((int)interfaceIndex, group);

' Instantiate IPv6MulticastOption using another 
' overloaded constructor.
Dim ipv6MulticastOption2 As New IPv6MulticastOption(group, interfaceIndex)

' Store the IPAdress multicast options.
group = ipv6MulticastOption2.Group
interfaceIndex = ipv6MulticastOption2.InterfaceIndex

' Display the IPv6MulticastOption2 properties.
Console.WriteLine(("IPv6MulticastOption.Group: [" + group.ToString() + "]"))
Console.WriteLine(("IPv6MulticastOption.InterfaceIndex: [" + interfaceIndex.ToString() + "]"))

' Join the specified multicast group using one of the 
' JoinMulticastGroup overloaded methods.
clientOriginator.JoinMulticastGroup(Fix(interfaceIndex), group)

Keterangan

Sebelum bergabung dengan grup multicast, pastikan soket terikat ke port atau titik akhir. Anda dapat melakukan ini dengan memanggil salah satu konstruktor yang menerima port atau titik akhir sebagai parameter.

Parameter infindex digunakan untuk mengidentifikasi antarmuka perangkat keras pada tautan yang sama.

Catatan

Ada beberapa rentang alamat multicast untuk dipilih. Lihat IETF RFC 2375.

Catatan

Anda tidak dapat memanggil JoinMulticastGroup pada yang UdpClient dibangun tanpa port lokal tertentu (yaitu, menggunakan UdpClient.UdpClient() konstruktor atau UdpClient.UdpClient(AddressFamily) ).

JoinMulticastGroup(IPAddress, Int32)

Sumber:

UDPClient.cs

UdpClient Menambahkan ke grup multicast dengan Time to Live (TTL) yang ditentukan.

public:
 void JoinMulticastGroup(System::Net::IPAddress ^ multicastAddr, int timeToLive);

public void JoinMulticastGroup (System.Net.IPAddress multicastAddr, int timeToLive);

member this.JoinMulticastGroup : System.Net.IPAddress * int -> unit

Public Sub JoinMulticastGroup (multicastAddr As IPAddress, timeToLive As Integer)

Parameter

multicastAddr

IPAddress

IPAddress Dari grup multicast untuk bergabung.

timeToLive

Int32

Time to Live (TTL), diukur dalam hop router.

Pengecualian

ArgumentOutOfRangeException

TTL yang disediakan tidak antara 0 dan 255

ObjectDisposedException

Yang mendasar Socket telah ditutup.

SocketException

Terjadi kesalahan saat mengakses soket.

ArgumentNullException

multicastAddradalah null.

ArgumentException

Alamat IP tidak kompatibel dengan AddressFamily nilai yang menentukan skema penetapan alamat soket.

Contoh

Contoh berikut menunjukkan cara bergabung dengan grup multicast dengan menyediakan dua parameter, alamat multicast, dan angka yang mewakili TTL.

UdpClient^ udpClient = gcnew UdpClient;
// Creates an IPAddress to use to join and drop the multicast group.
IPAddress^ multicastIpAddress = IPAddress::Parse( "239.255.255.255" );

try
{
   // The packet dies after 50 router hops.
   udpClient->JoinMulticastGroup( multicastIpAddress, 50 );
}
catch ( Exception^ e ) 
{
   Console::WriteLine( e->ToString() );
}

UdpClient udpClient = new UdpClient();
// Creates an IPAddress to use to join and drop the multicast group.
IPAddress multicastIpAddress = IPAddress.Parse("239.255.255.255");

try{
     // The packet dies after 50 router hops.
     udpClient.JoinMulticastGroup(multicastIpAddress, 50);
}
catch ( Exception e ){
    Console.WriteLine( e.ToString());
}

Dim udpClient As New UdpClient()
' Creates an IP address to use to join and drop the multicast group.
Dim multicastIpAddress As IPAddress = IPAddress.Parse("239.255.255.255")

Try
   ' The packet dies after 50 router hops.
   udpClient.JoinMulticastGroup(multicastIpAddress, 50)
Catch e As Exception
   Console.WriteLine(e.ToString())
End Try

Keterangan

Metode JoinMulticastGroup berlangganan UdpClient ke grup multicast menggunakan yang ditentukan IPAddress. Setelah memanggil JoinMulticastGroup metode , yang mendasar Socket mengirimkan paket Internet Group Management Protocol (IGMP) ke router yang meminta keanggotaan ke grup multicast. Rentang alamat multicast adalah 224.0.0.0 hingga 239.255.255.255. Jika Anda menentukan alamat di luar rentang ini atau jika router tempat permintaan dibuat tidak diaktifkan multicast, UdpClient akan melempar SocketException. Jika Anda menerima SocketException, gunakan SocketException.ErrorCode untuk mendapatkan kode kesalahan tertentu. Setelah mendapatkan kode ini, Anda dapat merujuk ke dokumentasi kode kesalahan API Windows Sockets versi 2 untuk deskripsi terperinci tentang kesalahan tersebut. Parameter timeToLive menentukan berapa banyak hop router yang akan diizinkan untuk datagram multicast sebelum dibuang. UdpClient Setelah terdaftar dengan router sebagai anggota grup multicast, ia akan dapat menerima datagram multicast yang dikirim ke yang ditentukanIPAddress.

Catatan

Anda harus membuat UdpClient menggunakan nomor port multicast jika tidak, Anda tidak akan dapat menerima datagram multicasted. Jangan panggil Connect metode sebelum memanggil JoinMulticastGroup metode atau metode terima tidak akan berfungsi. Anda tidak perlu termasuk dalam grup multicast untuk mengirim datagram ke alamat IP multicast.

Sebelum bergabung dengan grup multicast, pastikan soket terikat ke port atau titik akhir. Anda melakukannya dengan memanggil salah satu konstruktor yang menerima sebagai parameter port atau titik akhir.

Untuk berhenti menerima datagram multicasted, panggil DropMulticastGroup metode dan berikan IPAddress grup tempat Anda ingin menarik.

Catatan

Anda tidak dapat memanggil JoinMulticastGroup pada yang UdpClient dibangun tanpa port lokal tertentu (yaitu, menggunakan UdpClient() konstruktor atau UdpClient(AddressFamily) ).

Lihat juga

• DropMulticastGroup(IPAddress)

JoinMulticastGroup(IPAddress, IPAddress)

Sumber:

UDPClient.cs

UdpClient Menambahkan ke grup multicast.

public:
 void JoinMulticastGroup(System::Net::IPAddress ^ multicastAddr, System::Net::IPAddress ^ localAddress);

public void JoinMulticastGroup (System.Net.IPAddress multicastAddr, System.Net.IPAddress localAddress);

member this.JoinMulticastGroup : System.Net.IPAddress * System.Net.IPAddress -> unit

Public Sub JoinMulticastGroup (multicastAddr As IPAddress, localAddress As IPAddress)

Parameter

multicastAddr

IPAddress

Multicast IPAddress grup yang ingin Anda gabungkan.

localAddress

IPAddress

IPAddressLokal .

Pengecualian

ObjectDisposedException

Yang mendasar Socket telah ditutup.

SocketException

Terjadi kesalahan saat mengakses soket.

Contoh

Contoh kode berikut menunjukkan penggunaan JoinMulticastGroup metode .

// Subscribe to a multicast group.
static void DoJoinMulticastGroup( UdpClient^ u, String^ mcast, String^ local )
{
   array<IPAddress^>^ multicastAddress = Dns::GetHostAddresses( mcast );

   u->JoinMulticastGroup( multicastAddress[0] );
   Console::WriteLine(  "Joined multicast Address {0}", multicastAddress );
}

// Subscribe to a multicast group.
public static void DoJoinMulticastGroup(UdpClient u, string mcast)
{
    IPAddress[] multicastAddress = Dns.GetHostAddresses(mcast);

    u.JoinMulticastGroup(multicastAddress[0]);
    Console.WriteLine("Joined multicast Address {0}",
        multicastAddress[0]);
}

Keterangan

Sebelum Anda bergabung dengan grup multicast, pastikan soket terikat ke port atau titik akhir. Anda dapat melakukan ini dengan memanggil salah satu konstruktor yang menerima port atau titik akhir sebagai parameter.

Catatan

Ada beberapa rentang alamat multicast untuk dipilih. Anda dapat menemukannya di IETF RFC 2375.

Catatan

Anda tidak dapat memanggil JoinMulticastGroup pada yang UdpClient dibangun tanpa port lokal tertentu (yaitu, menggunakan UdpClient() konstruktor atau UdpClient(AddressFamily) ).