Gambaran Umum Perataan, Margin, dan Padding
Kelas FrameworkElement ini mengekspos beberapa properti yang digunakan untuk memposisikan elemen turunan dengan tepat. Topik ini membahas empat properti terpenting: HorizontalAlignment, , Margin, Paddingdan VerticalAlignment. Efek dari properti ini penting untuk dipahami, karena memberikan dasar untuk mengontrol posisi elemen dalam aplikasi Windows Presentation Foundation (WPF).
Pengantar Pemosisian Elemen
Ada banyak cara untuk memposisikan elemen menggunakan WPF. Namun, mencapai tata letak ideal melampaui hanya memilih elemen yang tepat Panel . Kontrol posisi yang baik membutuhkan pemahaman tentang HorizontalAlignmentproperti , , MarginPadding, dan VerticalAlignment .
Ilustrasi berikut menunjukkan skenario tata letak yang menggunakan beberapa properti posisi.
Sekilas, Button elemen dalam ilustrasi ini mungkin tampak ditempatkan secara acak. Namun, posisi mereka sebenarnya dikontrol dengan tepat dengan menggunakan kombinasi margin, keselarasan, dan padding.
Contoh berikut menjelaskan cara membuat tata letak dalam ilustrasi sebelumnya. Border Elemen merangkum induk StackPanel, dengan Padding nilai 15 piksel independen perangkat. Ini menyumbang pita sempit LightBlue yang mengelilingi anak StackPanel. Elemen anak digunakan StackPanel untuk mengilustrasikan masing-masing dari berbagai properti posisi yang dirinci dalam topik ini. Tiga Button elemen digunakan untuk menunjukkan Margin properti dan HorizontalAlignment .
// Create the application's main Window.
mainWindow = new Window ();
mainWindow.Title = "Margins, Padding and Alignment Sample";
// Add a Border
myBorder = new Border();
myBorder.Background = Brushes.LightBlue;
myBorder.BorderBrush = Brushes.Black;
myBorder.Padding = new Thickness(15);
myBorder.BorderThickness = new Thickness(2);
myStackPanel = new StackPanel();
myStackPanel.Background = Brushes.White;
myStackPanel.HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Center;
myStackPanel.VerticalAlignment = VerticalAlignment.Top;
TextBlock myTextBlock = new TextBlock();
myTextBlock.Margin = new Thickness(5, 0, 5, 0);
myTextBlock.FontSize = 18;
myTextBlock.HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Center;
myTextBlock.Text = "Alignment, Margin and Padding Sample";
Button myButton1 = new Button();
myButton1.HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Left;
myButton1.Margin = new Thickness(20);
myButton1.Content = "Button 1";
Button myButton2 = new Button();
myButton2.HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Right;
myButton2.Margin = new Thickness(10);
myButton2.Content = "Button 2";
Button myButton3 = new Button();
myButton3.HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Stretch;
myButton3.Margin = new Thickness(0);
myButton3.Content = "Button 3";
// Add child elements to the parent StackPanel.
myStackPanel.Children.Add(myTextBlock);
myStackPanel.Children.Add(myButton1);
myStackPanel.Children.Add(myButton2);
myStackPanel.Children.Add(myButton3);
// Add the StackPanel as the lone Child of the Border.
myBorder.Child = myStackPanel;
// Add the Border as the Content of the Parent Window Object.
mainWindow.Content = myBorder;
mainWindow.Show ();
WindowTitle = "Margins, Padding and Alignment Sample"
'Add a Border.
Dim myBorder As New Border()
myBorder.Background = Brushes.LightBlue
myBorder.BorderBrush = Brushes.Black
myBorder.Padding = New Thickness(15)
myBorder.BorderThickness = New Thickness(2)
Dim myStackPanel As New StackPanel()
myStackPanel.Background = Brushes.White
myStackPanel.HorizontalAlignment = Windows.HorizontalAlignment.Center
myStackPanel.VerticalAlignment = Windows.VerticalAlignment.Top
Dim myTextBlock As New TextBlock()
myTextBlock.Margin = New Thickness(5, 0, 5, 0)
myTextBlock.FontSize = 18
myTextBlock.HorizontalAlignment = Windows.HorizontalAlignment.Center
myTextBlock.Text = "Alignment, Margin and Padding Sample"
Dim myButton1 As New Button()
myButton1.HorizontalAlignment = Windows.HorizontalAlignment.Left
myButton1.Margin = New Thickness(20)
myButton1.Content = "Button 1"
Dim myButton2 As New Button()
myButton2.HorizontalAlignment = Windows.HorizontalAlignment.Right
myButton2.Margin = New Thickness(10)
myButton2.Content = "Button 2"
Dim myButton3 As New Button()
myButton3.HorizontalAlignment = Windows.HorizontalAlignment.Stretch
myButton3.Margin = New Thickness(0)
myButton3.Content = "Button 3"
'Add child elements to the parent StackPanel.
myStackPanel.Children.Add(myTextBlock)
myStackPanel.Children.Add(myButton1)
myStackPanel.Children.Add(myButton2)
myStackPanel.Children.Add(myButton3)
'Add the StackPanel as the lone Child of the Border.
myBorder.Child = myStackPanel
' Add the Canvas as the lone Child of the Border
myBorder.Child = myStackPanel
Me.Content = myBorder
Diagram berikut ini menyediakan tampilan close-up dari berbagai properti posisi yang digunakan dalam sampel sebelumnya. Bagian berikutnya dalam topik ini menjelaskan secara lebih rinci cara menggunakan setiap properti posisi.
Memahami Properti Perataan
Properti HorizontalAlignment dan VerticalAlignment menjelaskan bagaimana elemen turunan harus diposisikan dalam ruang tata letak yang dialokasikan elemen induk. Dengan menggunakan properti ini bersama-sama, Anda dapat memposisikan elemen turunan dengan tepat. Misalnya, elemen anak dari dapat menentukan empat perataan horizontal yang berbeda: Left, , Rightatau Center, atau untuk Stretch mengisi ruang yang DockPanel tersedia. Nilai serupa tersedia untuk penempatan vertikal.
Catatan
Mengatur dan Width properti secara Height eksplisit pada elemen lebih diutamakan daripada Stretch nilai properti. Mencoba mengatur Height, Width, dan HorizontalAlignment nilai Stretch hasil dalam permintaan yang Stretch diabaikan.
Properti HorizontalAlignment
Properti HorizontalAlignment mendeklarasikan karakteristik perataan horizontal untuk diterapkan ke elemen turunan. Tabel berikut ini memperlihatkan masing-masing nilai properti yang HorizontalAlignment mungkin.
| Anggota | Deskripsi |
|---|---|
| Left | Elemen turunan diratakan ke sebelah kiri ruang tata letak yang dialokasikan elemen induk. |
| Center | Elemen turunan diselaraskan ke pusat ruang tata letak yang dialokasikan elemen induk. |
| Right | Elemen turunan diratakan ke sebelah kanan ruang tata letak yang dialokasikan elemen induk. |
| Stretch (Default) | Elemen anak direntangkan untuk mengisi ruang tata letak yang dialokasikan elemen induk. Eksplisit Width dan Height nilai lebih diutamakan. |
Contoh berikut menunjukkan cara menerapkan properti ke HorizontalAlignmentButton elemen. Setiap nilai atribut ditampilkan, untuk mengilustrasikan berbagai perilaku penyajian dengan lebih baik.
Button myButton1 = new Button();
myButton1.HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Left;
myButton1.Content = "Button 1 (Left)";
Button myButton2 = new Button();
myButton2.HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Right;
myButton2.Content = "Button 2 (Right)";
Button myButton3 = new Button();
myButton3.HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Center;
myButton3.Content = "Button 3 (Center)";
Button myButton4 = new Button();
myButton4.HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Stretch;
myButton4.Content = "Button 4 (Stretch)";
Dim myButton1 As New Button()
myButton1.HorizontalAlignment = Windows.HorizontalAlignment.Left
myButton1.Margin = New Thickness(20)
myButton1.Content = "Button 1"
Dim myButton2 As New Button()
myButton2.HorizontalAlignment = Windows.HorizontalAlignment.Right
myButton2.Margin = New Thickness(10)
myButton2.Content = "Button 2"
Dim myButton3 As New Button()
myButton3.HorizontalAlignment = Windows.HorizontalAlignment.Center
myButton3.Margin = New Thickness(0)
myButton3.Content = "Button 3"
Dim myButton4 As New Button()
myButton4.HorizontalAlignment = Windows.HorizontalAlignment.Stretch
myButton4.Content = "Button 4 (Stretch)"
Kode sebelumnya menghasilkan tata letak yang mirip dengan gambar berikut. Efek penempatan setiap HorizontalAlignment nilai terlihat dalam ilustrasi.
Properti VertikalAlignment
Properti VerticalAlignment menjelaskan karakteristik perataan vertikal untuk diterapkan ke elemen turunan. Tabel berikut ini memperlihatkan setiap nilai yang VerticalAlignment mungkin untuk properti .
| Anggota | Deskripsi |
|---|---|
| Top | Elemen anak diselaraskan ke bagian atas ruang tata letak yang dialokasikan elemen induk. |
| Center | Elemen turunan diselaraskan ke pusat ruang tata letak yang dialokasikan elemen induk. |
| Bottom | Elemen turunan diratakan ke bagian bawah ruang tata letak yang dialokasikan elemen induk. |
| Stretch (Default) | Elemen anak direntangkan untuk mengisi ruang tata letak yang dialokasikan elemen induk. Eksplisit Width dan Height nilai lebih diutamakan. |
Contoh berikut menunjukkan cara menerapkan properti ke VerticalAlignmentButton elemen. Setiap nilai atribut ditampilkan, untuk mengilustrasikan berbagai perilaku penyajian dengan lebih baik. Untuk tujuan sampel ini, Grid elemen dengan garis kisi yang terlihat digunakan sebagai induk, untuk mengilustrasikan perilaku tata letak setiap nilai properti dengan lebih baik.
TextBlock myTextBlock = new TextBlock();
myTextBlock.FontSize = 18;
myTextBlock.HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Center;
myTextBlock.Text = "VerticalAlignment Sample";
Grid.SetRow(myTextBlock, 0);
Button myButton1 = new Button();
myButton1.VerticalAlignment = VerticalAlignment.Top;
myButton1.Content = "Button 1 (Top)";
Grid.SetRow(myButton1, 1);
Button myButton2 = new Button();
myButton2.VerticalAlignment = VerticalAlignment.Bottom;
myButton2.Content = "Button 2 (Bottom)";
Grid.SetRow(myButton2, 2);
Button myButton3 = new Button();
myButton3.VerticalAlignment = VerticalAlignment.Center;
myButton3.Content = "Button 3 (Center)";
Grid.SetRow(myButton3, 3);
Button myButton4 = new Button();
myButton4.VerticalAlignment = VerticalAlignment.Stretch;
myButton4.Content = "Button 4 (Stretch)";
Grid.SetRow(myButton4, 4);
Dim myTextBlock As New TextBlock()
myTextBlock.FontSize = 18
myTextBlock.HorizontalAlignment = Windows.HorizontalAlignment.Center
myTextBlock.Text = "VerticalAlignment Sample"
Grid.SetRow(myTextBlock, 0)
Dim myButton1 As New Button()
myButton1.VerticalAlignment = Windows.VerticalAlignment.Top
myButton1.Content = "Button 1 (Top)"
Grid.SetRow(myButton1, 1)
Dim myButton2 As New Button()
myButton2.VerticalAlignment = Windows.VerticalAlignment.Bottom
myButton2.Content = "Button 2 (Bottom)"
Grid.SetRow(myButton2, 2)
Dim myButton3 As New Button()
myButton3.VerticalAlignment = Windows.VerticalAlignment.Center
myButton3.Content = "Button 3 (Center)"
Grid.SetRow(myButton3, 3)
Dim myButton4 As New Button()
myButton4.VerticalAlignment = Windows.VerticalAlignment.Stretch
myButton4.Content = "Button 4 (Stretch)"
Grid.SetRow(myButton4, 4)
<Page xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
WindowTitle="VerticalAlignment Sample">
<Border Background="LightBlue" BorderBrush="Black" BorderThickness="2" Padding="15">
<Grid Background="White" ShowGridLines="True">
<Grid.RowDefinitions>
<RowDefinition Height="25"/>
<RowDefinition Height="50"/>
<RowDefinition Height="50"/>
<RowDefinition Height="50"/>
<RowDefinition Height="50"/>
</Grid.RowDefinitions>
<TextBlock Grid.Row="0" Grid.Column="0" FontSize="18" HorizontalAlignment="Center">VerticalAlignment Sample</TextBlock>
<Button Grid.Row="1" Grid.Column="0" VerticalAlignment="Top">Button 1 (Top)</Button>
<Button Grid.Row="2" Grid.Column="0" VerticalAlignment="Bottom">Button 2 (Bottom)</Button>
<Button Grid.Row="3" Grid.Column="0" VerticalAlignment="Center">Button 3 (Center)</Button>
<Button Grid.Row="4" Grid.Column="0" VerticalAlignment="Stretch">Button 4 (Stretch)</Button>
</Grid>
</Border>
</Page>
Kode sebelumnya menghasilkan tata letak yang mirip dengan gambar berikut. Efek penempatan setiap VerticalAlignment nilai terlihat dalam ilustrasi.
Memahami Properti Margin
Properti menjelaskan Margin jarak antara elemen dan anak atau rekan-rekannya. Margin nilai dapat seragam, dengan menggunakan sintaks seperti Margin="20". Dengan sintaks ini, seragam Margin 20 piksel independen perangkat akan diterapkan ke elemen . Margin nilai juga dapat berbentuk empat nilai yang berbeda, setiap nilai yang menjelaskan margin yang berbeda untuk diterapkan ke kiri, atas, kanan, dan bawah (dalam urutan tersebut), seperti Margin="0,10,5,25". Penggunaan properti yang Margin tepat memungkinkan kontrol yang sangat baik dari posisi penyajian elemen dan posisi penyajian elemen tetangga dan anak-anaknya.
Catatan
Margin bukan nol menerapkan ruang di luar elemen ActualWidth dan ActualHeight.
Contoh berikut menunjukkan cara menerapkan margin seragam di sekitar sekelompok Button elemen. Elemen diberi Button spasi merata dengan buffer margin sepuluh piksel di setiap arah.
Button^ myButton7 = gcnew Button();
myButton7->Margin = Thickness(10);
myButton7->Content = "Button 7";
Button^ myButton8 = gcnew Button();
myButton8->Margin = Thickness(10);
myButton8->Content = "Button 8";
Button^ myButton9 = gcnew Button();
myButton9->Margin = Thickness(10);
myButton9->Content = "Button 9";
Button myButton7 = new Button();
myButton7.Margin = new Thickness(10);
myButton7.Content = "Button 7";
Button myButton8 = new Button();
myButton8.Margin = new Thickness(10);
myButton8.Content = "Button 8";
Button myButton9 = new Button();
myButton9.Margin = new Thickness(10);
myButton9.Content = "Button 9";
Dim myButton7 As New Button
myButton7.Margin = New Thickness(10)
myButton7.Content = "Button 7"
Dim myButton8 As New Button
myButton8.Margin = New Thickness(10)
myButton8.Content = "Button 8"
Dim myButton9 As New Button
myButton9.Margin = New Thickness(10)
myButton9.Content = "Button 9"
<Button Margin="10">Button 7</Button>
<Button Margin="10">Button 8</Button>
<Button Margin="10">Button 9</Button>
Dalam banyak kasus, margin seragam tidak sesuai. Dalam kasus ini, penspasian yang tidak seragam dapat diterapkan. Contoh berikut menunjukkan cara menerapkan penspasian margin non-seragam ke elemen turunan. Margin dijelaskan dalam urutan ini: kiri, atas, kanan, bawah.
Button^ myButton1 = gcnew Button();
myButton1->Margin = Thickness(0, 10, 0, 10);
myButton1->Content = "Button 1";
Button^ myButton2 = gcnew Button();
myButton2->Margin = Thickness(0, 10, 0, 10);
myButton2->Content = "Button 2";
Button^ myButton3 = gcnew Button();
myButton3->Margin = Thickness(0, 10, 0, 10);
Button myButton1 = new Button();
myButton1.Margin = new Thickness(0, 10, 0, 10);
myButton1.Content = "Button 1";
Button myButton2 = new Button();
myButton2.Margin = new Thickness(0, 10, 0, 10);
myButton2.Content = "Button 2";
Button myButton3 = new Button();
myButton3.Margin = new Thickness(0, 10, 0, 10);
Dim myButton1 As New Button
myButton1.Margin = New Thickness(0, 10, 0, 10)
myButton1.Content = "Button 1"
Dim myButton2 As New Button
myButton2.Margin = New Thickness(0, 10, 0, 10)
myButton2.Content = "Button 2"
Dim myButton3 As New Button
myButton3.Margin = New Thickness(0, 10, 0, 10)
<Button Margin="0,10,0,10">Button 1</Button>
<Button Margin="0,10,0,10">Button 2</Button>
<Button Margin="0,10,0,10">Button 3</Button>
Memahami Properti Padding
Padding mirip Margin dengan dalam kebanyakan hal. Properti Padding hanya diekspos pada beberapa kelas, terutama sebagai kenyamanan: Block, Border, Control, dan TextBlock adalah sampel kelas yang mengekspos properti Padding. Properti Padding memperbesar ukuran efektif elemen turunan dengan nilai yang ditentukan Thickness .
Contoh berikut menunjukkan cara menerapkan Padding ke elemen induk Border .
myBorder = gcnew Border();
myBorder->Background = Brushes::LightBlue;
myBorder->BorderBrush = Brushes::Black;
myBorder->BorderThickness = Thickness(2);
myBorder->CornerRadius = CornerRadius(45);
myBorder->Padding = Thickness(25);
myBorder = new Border();
myBorder.Background = Brushes.LightBlue;
myBorder.BorderBrush = Brushes.Black;
myBorder.BorderThickness = new Thickness(2);
myBorder.CornerRadius = new CornerRadius(45);
myBorder.Padding = new Thickness(25);
Dim myBorder As New Border
myBorder.Background = Brushes.LightBlue
myBorder.BorderBrush = Brushes.Black
myBorder.BorderThickness = New Thickness(2)
myBorder.CornerRadius = New CornerRadius(45)
myBorder.Padding = New Thickness(25)
<Border Background="LightBlue"
BorderBrush="Black"
BorderThickness="2"
CornerRadius="45"
Padding="25">
Menggunakan Perataan, Margin, dan Padding dalam Aplikasi
HorizontalAlignment, , MarginPadding, dan VerticalAlignment berikan kontrol pemosisian yang diperlukan untuk membuat antarmuka pengguna (UI) yang kompleks. Anda dapat menggunakan efek dari setiap properti untuk mengubah posisi elemen turunan, memungkinkan fleksibilitas dalam membuat aplikasi dinamis dan pengalaman pengguna.
Contoh berikut menunjukkan setiap konsep yang dirinci dalam topik ini. Membangun infrastruktur yang ditemukan dalam sampel pertama dalam topik ini, contoh ini menambahkan Grid elemen sebagai anak dari Border dalam sampel pertama. Padding diterapkan ke elemen induk Border . Grid digunakan untuk mempartisi ruang antara tiga elemen anakStackPanel. Button elemen kembali digunakan untuk menunjukkan berbagai efek dan MarginHorizontalAlignment. TextBlock elemen ditambahkan ke masing-masing ColumnDefinition untuk menentukan dengan lebih baik berbagai properti yang diterapkan ke Button elemen di setiap kolom.
mainWindow = gcnew Window();
myBorder = gcnew Border();
myBorder->Background = Brushes::LightBlue;
myBorder->BorderBrush = Brushes::Black;
myBorder->BorderThickness = Thickness(2);
myBorder->CornerRadius = CornerRadius(45);
myBorder->Padding = Thickness(25);
// Define the Grid.
myGrid = gcnew Grid();
myGrid->Background = Brushes::White;
myGrid->ShowGridLines = true;
// Define the Columns.
ColumnDefinition^ myColDef1 = gcnew ColumnDefinition();
myColDef1->Width = GridLength(1, GridUnitType::Auto);
ColumnDefinition^ myColDef2 = gcnew ColumnDefinition();
myColDef2->Width = GridLength(1, GridUnitType::Star);
ColumnDefinition^ myColDef3 = gcnew ColumnDefinition();
myColDef3->Width = GridLength(1, GridUnitType::Auto);
// Add the ColumnDefinitions to the Grid.
myGrid->ColumnDefinitions->Add(myColDef1);
myGrid->ColumnDefinitions->Add(myColDef2);
myGrid->ColumnDefinitions->Add(myColDef3);
// Add the first child StackPanel.
StackPanel^ myStackPanel = gcnew StackPanel();
myStackPanel->HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment::Left;
myStackPanel->VerticalAlignment = VerticalAlignment::Top;
Grid::SetColumn(myStackPanel, 0);
Grid::SetRow(myStackPanel, 0);
TextBlock^ myTextBlock1 = gcnew TextBlock();
myTextBlock1->FontSize = 18;
myTextBlock1->HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment::Center;
myTextBlock1->Margin = Thickness(0, 0, 0, 15);
myTextBlock1->Text = "StackPanel 1";
Button^ myButton1 = gcnew Button();
myButton1->Margin = Thickness(0, 10, 0, 10);
myButton1->Content = "Button 1";
Button^ myButton2 = gcnew Button();
myButton2->Margin = Thickness(0, 10, 0, 10);
myButton2->Content = "Button 2";
Button^ myButton3 = gcnew Button();
myButton3->Margin = Thickness(0, 10, 0, 10);
TextBlock^ myTextBlock2 = gcnew TextBlock();
myTextBlock2->Text = "ColumnDefinition.Width = \"Auto\"";
TextBlock^ myTextBlock3 = gcnew TextBlock();
myTextBlock3->Text = "StackPanel.HorizontalAlignment = \"Left\"";
TextBlock^ myTextBlock4 = gcnew TextBlock();
myTextBlock4->Text = "StackPanel.VerticalAlignment = \"Top\"";
TextBlock^ myTextBlock5 = gcnew TextBlock();
myTextBlock5->Text = "StackPanel.Orientation = \"Vertical\"";
TextBlock^ myTextBlock6 = gcnew TextBlock();
myTextBlock6->Text = "Button.Margin = \"1,10,0,10\"";
myStackPanel->Children->Add(myTextBlock1);
myStackPanel->Children->Add(myButton1);
myStackPanel->Children->Add(myButton2);
myStackPanel->Children->Add(myButton3);
myStackPanel->Children->Add(myTextBlock2);
myStackPanel->Children->Add(myTextBlock3);
myStackPanel->Children->Add(myTextBlock4);
myStackPanel->Children->Add(myTextBlock5);
myStackPanel->Children->Add(myTextBlock6);
// Add the second child StackPanel.
StackPanel^ myStackPanel2 = gcnew StackPanel();
myStackPanel2->HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment::Stretch;
myStackPanel2->VerticalAlignment = VerticalAlignment::Top;
myStackPanel2->Orientation = Orientation::Vertical;
Grid::SetColumn(myStackPanel2, 1);
Grid::SetRow(myStackPanel2, 0);
TextBlock^ myTextBlock7 = gcnew TextBlock();
myTextBlock7->FontSize = 18;
myTextBlock7->HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment::Center;
myTextBlock7->Margin = Thickness(0, 0, 0, 15);
myTextBlock7->Text = "StackPanel 2";
Button^ myButton4 = gcnew Button();
myButton4->Margin = Thickness(10, 0, 10, 0);
myButton4->Content = "Button 4";
Button^ myButton5 = gcnew Button();
myButton5->Margin = Thickness(10, 0, 10, 0);
myButton5->Content = "Button 5";
Button^ myButton6 = gcnew Button();
myButton6->Margin = Thickness(10, 0, 10, 0);
myButton6->Content = "Button 6";
TextBlock^ myTextBlock8 = gcnew TextBlock();
myTextBlock8->HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment::Center;
myTextBlock8->Text = "ColumnDefinition.Width = \"*\"";
TextBlock^ myTextBlock9 = gcnew TextBlock();
myTextBlock9->HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment::Center;
myTextBlock9->Text = "StackPanel.HorizontalAlignment = \"Stretch\"";
TextBlock^ myTextBlock10 = gcnew TextBlock();
myTextBlock10->HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment::Center;
myTextBlock10->Text = "StackPanel.VerticalAlignment = \"Top\"";
TextBlock^ myTextBlock11 = gcnew TextBlock();
myTextBlock11->HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment::Center;
myTextBlock11->Text = "StackPanel.Orientation = \"Vertical\"";
TextBlock^ myTextBlock12 = gcnew TextBlock();
myTextBlock12->HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment::Center;
myTextBlock12->Text = "Button.Margin = \"10,0,10,0\"";
myStackPanel2->Children->Add(myTextBlock7);
myStackPanel2->Children->Add(myButton4);
myStackPanel2->Children->Add(myButton5);
myStackPanel2->Children->Add(myButton6);
myStackPanel2->Children->Add(myTextBlock8);
myStackPanel2->Children->Add(myTextBlock9);
myStackPanel2->Children->Add(myTextBlock10);
myStackPanel2->Children->Add(myTextBlock11);
myStackPanel2->Children->Add(myTextBlock12);
// Add the final child StackPanel.
StackPanel^ myStackPanel3 = gcnew StackPanel();
myStackPanel3->HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment::Left;
myStackPanel3->VerticalAlignment = VerticalAlignment::Top;
Grid::SetColumn(myStackPanel3, 2);
Grid::SetRow(myStackPanel3, 0);
TextBlock^ myTextBlock13 = gcnew TextBlock();
myTextBlock13->FontSize = 18;
myTextBlock13->HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment::Center;
myTextBlock13->Margin = Thickness(0, 0, 0, 15);
myTextBlock13->Text = "StackPanel 3";
Button^ myButton7 = gcnew Button();
myButton7->Margin = Thickness(10);
myButton7->Content = "Button 7";
Button^ myButton8 = gcnew Button();
myButton8->Margin = Thickness(10);
myButton8->Content = "Button 8";
Button^ myButton9 = gcnew Button();
myButton9->Margin = Thickness(10);
myButton9->Content = "Button 9";
TextBlock^ myTextBlock14 = gcnew TextBlock();
myTextBlock14->Text = "ColumnDefinition.Width = \"Auto\"";
TextBlock^ myTextBlock15 = gcnew TextBlock();
myTextBlock15->Text = "StackPanel.HorizontalAlignment = \"Left\"";
TextBlock^ myTextBlock16 = gcnew TextBlock();
myTextBlock16->Text = "StackPanel.VerticalAlignment = \"Top\"";
TextBlock^ myTextBlock17 = gcnew TextBlock();
myTextBlock17->Text = "StackPanel.Orientation = \"Vertical\"";
TextBlock^ myTextBlock18 = gcnew TextBlock();
myTextBlock18->Text = "Button.Margin = \"10\"";
myStackPanel3->Children->Add(myTextBlock13);
myStackPanel3->Children->Add(myButton7);
myStackPanel3->Children->Add(myButton8);
myStackPanel3->Children->Add(myButton9);
myStackPanel3->Children->Add(myTextBlock14);
myStackPanel3->Children->Add(myTextBlock15);
myStackPanel3->Children->Add(myTextBlock16);
myStackPanel3->Children->Add(myTextBlock17);
myStackPanel3->Children->Add(myTextBlock18);
// Add child content to the parent Grid.
myGrid->Children->Add(myStackPanel);
myGrid->Children->Add(myStackPanel2);
myGrid->Children->Add(myStackPanel3);
// Add the Grid as the lone child of the Border.
myBorder->Child = myGrid;
// Add the Border to the Window as Content and show the Window.
mainWindow->Content = myBorder;
mainWindow->Title = "Margin, Padding, and Alignment Sample";
mainWindow->Show();
mainWindow = new Window();
myBorder = new Border();
myBorder.Background = Brushes.LightBlue;
myBorder.BorderBrush = Brushes.Black;
myBorder.BorderThickness = new Thickness(2);
myBorder.CornerRadius = new CornerRadius(45);
myBorder.Padding = new Thickness(25);
// Define the Grid.
myGrid = new Grid();
myGrid.Background = Brushes.White;
myGrid.ShowGridLines = true;
// Define the Columns.
ColumnDefinition myColDef1 = new ColumnDefinition();
myColDef1.Width = new GridLength(1, GridUnitType.Auto);
ColumnDefinition myColDef2 = new ColumnDefinition();
myColDef2.Width = new GridLength(1, GridUnitType.Star);
ColumnDefinition myColDef3 = new ColumnDefinition();
myColDef3.Width = new GridLength(1, GridUnitType.Auto);
// Add the ColumnDefinitions to the Grid.
myGrid.ColumnDefinitions.Add(myColDef1);
myGrid.ColumnDefinitions.Add(myColDef2);
myGrid.ColumnDefinitions.Add(myColDef3);
// Add the first child StackPanel.
StackPanel myStackPanel = new StackPanel();
myStackPanel.HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Left;
myStackPanel.VerticalAlignment = VerticalAlignment.Top;
Grid.SetColumn(myStackPanel, 0);
Grid.SetRow(myStackPanel, 0);
TextBlock myTextBlock1 = new TextBlock();
myTextBlock1.FontSize = 18;
myTextBlock1.HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Center;
myTextBlock1.Margin = new Thickness(0, 0, 0, 15);
myTextBlock1.Text = "StackPanel 1";
Button myButton1 = new Button();
myButton1.Margin = new Thickness(0, 10, 0, 10);
myButton1.Content = "Button 1";
Button myButton2 = new Button();
myButton2.Margin = new Thickness(0, 10, 0, 10);
myButton2.Content = "Button 2";
Button myButton3 = new Button();
myButton3.Margin = new Thickness(0, 10, 0, 10);
TextBlock myTextBlock2 = new TextBlock();
myTextBlock2.Text = @"ColumnDefinition.Width = ""Auto""";
TextBlock myTextBlock3 = new TextBlock();
myTextBlock3.Text = @"StackPanel.HorizontalAlignment = ""Left""";
TextBlock myTextBlock4 = new TextBlock();
myTextBlock4.Text = @"StackPanel.VerticalAlignment = ""Top""";
TextBlock myTextBlock5 = new TextBlock();
myTextBlock5.Text = @"StackPanel.Orientation = ""Vertical""";
TextBlock myTextBlock6 = new TextBlock();
myTextBlock6.Text = @"Button.Margin = ""1,10,0,10""";
myStackPanel.Children.Add(myTextBlock1);
myStackPanel.Children.Add(myButton1);
myStackPanel.Children.Add(myButton2);
myStackPanel.Children.Add(myButton3);
myStackPanel.Children.Add(myTextBlock2);
myStackPanel.Children.Add(myTextBlock3);
myStackPanel.Children.Add(myTextBlock4);
myStackPanel.Children.Add(myTextBlock5);
myStackPanel.Children.Add(myTextBlock6);
// Add the second child StackPanel.
StackPanel myStackPanel2 = new StackPanel();
myStackPanel2.HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Stretch;
myStackPanel2.VerticalAlignment = VerticalAlignment.Top;
myStackPanel2.Orientation = Orientation.Vertical;
Grid.SetColumn(myStackPanel2, 1);
Grid.SetRow(myStackPanel2, 0);
TextBlock myTextBlock7 = new TextBlock();
myTextBlock7.FontSize = 18;
myTextBlock7.HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Center;
myTextBlock7.Margin = new Thickness(0, 0, 0, 15);
myTextBlock7.Text = "StackPanel 2";
Button myButton4 = new Button();
myButton4.Margin = new Thickness(10, 0, 10, 0);
myButton4.Content = "Button 4";
Button myButton5 = new Button();
myButton5.Margin = new Thickness(10, 0, 10, 0);
myButton5.Content = "Button 5";
Button myButton6 = new Button();
myButton6.Margin = new Thickness(10, 0, 10, 0);
myButton6.Content = "Button 6";
TextBlock myTextBlock8 = new TextBlock();
myTextBlock8.HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Center;
myTextBlock8.Text = @"ColumnDefinition.Width = ""*""";
TextBlock myTextBlock9 = new TextBlock();
myTextBlock9.HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Center;
myTextBlock9.Text = @"StackPanel.HorizontalAlignment = ""Stretch""";
TextBlock myTextBlock10 = new TextBlock();
myTextBlock10.HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Center;
myTextBlock10.Text = @"StackPanel.VerticalAlignment = ""Top""";
TextBlock myTextBlock11 = new TextBlock();
myTextBlock11.HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Center;
myTextBlock11.Text = @"StackPanel.Orientation = ""Vertical""";
TextBlock myTextBlock12 = new TextBlock();
myTextBlock12.HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Center;
myTextBlock12.Text = @"Button.Margin = ""10,0,10,0""";
myStackPanel2.Children.Add(myTextBlock7);
myStackPanel2.Children.Add(myButton4);
myStackPanel2.Children.Add(myButton5);
myStackPanel2.Children.Add(myButton6);
myStackPanel2.Children.Add(myTextBlock8);
myStackPanel2.Children.Add(myTextBlock9);
myStackPanel2.Children.Add(myTextBlock10);
myStackPanel2.Children.Add(myTextBlock11);
myStackPanel2.Children.Add(myTextBlock12);
// Add the final child StackPanel.
StackPanel myStackPanel3 = new StackPanel();
myStackPanel3.HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Left;
myStackPanel3.VerticalAlignment = VerticalAlignment.Top;
Grid.SetColumn(myStackPanel3, 2);
Grid.SetRow(myStackPanel3, 0);
TextBlock myTextBlock13 = new TextBlock();
myTextBlock13.FontSize = 18;
myTextBlock13.HorizontalAlignment = HorizontalAlignment.Center;
myTextBlock13.Margin = new Thickness(0, 0, 0, 15);
myTextBlock13.Text = "StackPanel 3";
Button myButton7 = new Button();
myButton7.Margin = new Thickness(10);
myButton7.Content = "Button 7";
Button myButton8 = new Button();
myButton8.Margin = new Thickness(10);
myButton8.Content = "Button 8";
Button myButton9 = new Button();
myButton9.Margin = new Thickness(10);
myButton9.Content = "Button 9";
TextBlock myTextBlock14 = new TextBlock();
myTextBlock14.Text = @"ColumnDefinition.Width = ""Auto""";
TextBlock myTextBlock15 = new TextBlock();
myTextBlock15.Text = @"StackPanel.HorizontalAlignment = ""Left""";
TextBlock myTextBlock16 = new TextBlock();
myTextBlock16.Text = @"StackPanel.VerticalAlignment = ""Top""";
TextBlock myTextBlock17 = new TextBlock();
myTextBlock17.Text = @"StackPanel.Orientation = ""Vertical""";
TextBlock myTextBlock18 = new TextBlock();
myTextBlock18.Text = @"Button.Margin = ""10""";
myStackPanel3.Children.Add(myTextBlock13);
myStackPanel3.Children.Add(myButton7);
myStackPanel3.Children.Add(myButton8);
myStackPanel3.Children.Add(myButton9);
myStackPanel3.Children.Add(myTextBlock14);
myStackPanel3.Children.Add(myTextBlock15);
myStackPanel3.Children.Add(myTextBlock16);
myStackPanel3.Children.Add(myTextBlock17);
myStackPanel3.Children.Add(myTextBlock18);
// Add child content to the parent Grid.
myGrid.Children.Add(myStackPanel);
myGrid.Children.Add(myStackPanel2);
myGrid.Children.Add(myStackPanel3);
// Add the Grid as the lone child of the Border.
myBorder.Child = myGrid;
// Add the Border to the Window as Content and show the Window.
mainWindow.Content = myBorder;
mainWindow.Title = "Margin, Padding, and Alignment Sample";
mainWindow.Show();
Dim myBorder As New Border
myBorder.Background = Brushes.LightBlue
myBorder.BorderBrush = Brushes.Black
myBorder.BorderThickness = New Thickness(2)
myBorder.CornerRadius = New CornerRadius(45)
myBorder.Padding = New Thickness(25)
'Define the Grid.
Dim myGrid As New Grid
myGrid.Background = Brushes.White
myGrid.ShowGridLines = True
'Define the Columns.
Dim myColDef1 As New ColumnDefinition
myColDef1.Width = New GridLength(1, GridUnitType.Auto)
Dim myColDef2 As New ColumnDefinition
myColDef2.Width = New GridLength(1, GridUnitType.Star)
Dim myColDef3 As New ColumnDefinition
myColDef3.Width = New GridLength(1, GridUnitType.Auto)
'Add the ColumnDefinitions to the Grid
myGrid.ColumnDefinitions.Add(myColDef1)
myGrid.ColumnDefinitions.Add(myColDef2)
myGrid.ColumnDefinitions.Add(myColDef3)
'Add the first child StackPanel.
Dim myStackPanel As New StackPanel
myStackPanel.HorizontalAlignment = System.Windows.HorizontalAlignment.Left
myStackPanel.VerticalAlignment = System.Windows.VerticalAlignment.Top
Grid.SetColumn(myStackPanel, 0)
Grid.SetRow(myStackPanel, 0)
Dim myTextBlock1 As New TextBlock
myTextBlock1.FontSize = 18
myTextBlock1.HorizontalAlignment = System.Windows.HorizontalAlignment.Center
myTextBlock1.Margin = New Thickness(0, 0, 0, 15)
myTextBlock1.Text = "StackPanel 1"
Dim myButton1 As New Button
myButton1.Margin = New Thickness(0, 10, 0, 10)
myButton1.Content = "Button 1"
Dim myButton2 As New Button
myButton2.Margin = New Thickness(0, 10, 0, 10)
myButton2.Content = "Button 2"
Dim myButton3 As New Button
myButton3.Margin = New Thickness(0, 10, 0, 10)
Dim myTextBlock2 As New TextBlock
myTextBlock2.Text = "ColumnDefinition.Width = ""Auto"""
Dim myTextBlock3 As New TextBlock
myTextBlock3.Text = "StackPanel.HorizontalAlignment = ""Left"""
Dim myTextBlock4 As New TextBlock
myTextBlock4.Text = "StackPanel.VerticalAlignment = ""Top"""
Dim myTextBlock5 As New TextBlock
myTextBlock5.Text = "StackPanel.Orientation = ""Vertical"""
Dim myTextBlock6 As New TextBlock
myTextBlock6.Text = "Button.Margin = ""1,10,0,10"""
myStackPanel.Children.Add(myTextBlock1)
myStackPanel.Children.Add(myButton1)
myStackPanel.Children.Add(myButton2)
myStackPanel.Children.Add(myButton3)
myStackPanel.Children.Add(myTextBlock2)
myStackPanel.Children.Add(myTextBlock3)
myStackPanel.Children.Add(myTextBlock4)
myStackPanel.Children.Add(myTextBlock5)
myStackPanel.Children.Add(myTextBlock6)
'Add the second child StackPanel.
Dim myStackPanel2 As New StackPanel
myStackPanel2.HorizontalAlignment = System.Windows.HorizontalAlignment.Stretch
myStackPanel2.VerticalAlignment = System.Windows.VerticalAlignment.Top
myStackPanel2.Orientation = Orientation.Vertical
Grid.SetColumn(myStackPanel2, 1)
Grid.SetRow(myStackPanel2, 0)
Dim myTextBlock7 As New TextBlock
myTextBlock7.FontSize = 18
myTextBlock7.HorizontalAlignment = System.Windows.HorizontalAlignment.Center
myTextBlock7.Margin = New Thickness(0, 0, 0, 15)
myTextBlock7.Text = "StackPanel 2"
Dim myButton4 As New Button
myButton4.Margin = New Thickness(10, 0, 10, 0)
myButton4.Content = "Button 4"
Dim myButton5 As New Button
myButton5.Margin = New Thickness(10, 0, 10, 0)
myButton5.Content = "Button 5"
Dim myButton6 As New Button
myButton6.Margin = New Thickness(10, 0, 10, 0)
myButton6.Content = "Button 6"
Dim myTextBlock8 As New TextBlock
myTextBlock8.HorizontalAlignment = System.Windows.HorizontalAlignment.Center
myTextBlock8.Text = "ColumnDefinition.Width = ""*"""
Dim myTextBlock9 As New TextBlock
myTextBlock9.HorizontalAlignment = System.Windows.HorizontalAlignment.Center
myTextBlock9.Text = "StackPanel.HorizontalAlignment = ""Stretch"""
Dim myTextBlock10 As New TextBlock
myTextBlock10.HorizontalAlignment = System.Windows.HorizontalAlignment.Center
myTextBlock10.Text = "StackPanel.VerticalAlignment = ""Top"""
Dim myTextBlock11 As New TextBlock
myTextBlock11.HorizontalAlignment = System.Windows.HorizontalAlignment.Center
myTextBlock11.Text = "StackPanel.Orientation = ""Vertical"""
Dim myTextBlock12 As New TextBlock
myTextBlock12.HorizontalAlignment = System.Windows.HorizontalAlignment.Center
myTextBlock12.Text = "Button.Margin = ""10,0,10,0"""
myStackPanel2.Children.Add(myTextBlock7)
myStackPanel2.Children.Add(myButton4)
myStackPanel2.Children.Add(myButton5)
myStackPanel2.Children.Add(myButton6)
myStackPanel2.Children.Add(myTextBlock8)
myStackPanel2.Children.Add(myTextBlock9)
myStackPanel2.Children.Add(myTextBlock10)
myStackPanel2.Children.Add(myTextBlock11)
myStackPanel2.Children.Add(myTextBlock12)
'Add the final child StackPanel.
Dim myStackPanel3 As New StackPanel
myStackPanel3.HorizontalAlignment = System.Windows.HorizontalAlignment.Left
myStackPanel3.VerticalAlignment = System.Windows.VerticalAlignment.Top
Grid.SetColumn(myStackPanel3, 2)
Grid.SetRow(myStackPanel3, 0)
Dim myTextBlock13 As New TextBlock
myTextBlock13.FontSize = 18
myTextBlock13.HorizontalAlignment = System.Windows.HorizontalAlignment.Center
myTextBlock13.Margin = New Thickness(0, 0, 0, 15)
myTextBlock13.Text = "StackPanel 3"
Dim myButton7 As New Button
myButton7.Margin = New Thickness(10)
myButton7.Content = "Button 7"
Dim myButton8 As New Button
myButton8.Margin = New Thickness(10)
myButton8.Content = "Button 8"
Dim myButton9 As New Button
myButton9.Margin = New Thickness(10)
myButton9.Content = "Button 9"
Dim myTextBlock14 As New TextBlock
myTextBlock14.Text = "ColumnDefinition.Width = ""Auto"""
Dim myTextBlock15 As New TextBlock
myTextBlock15.Text = "StackPanel.HorizontalAlignment = ""Left"""
Dim myTextBlock16 As New TextBlock
myTextBlock16.Text = "StackPanel.VerticalAlignment = ""Top"""
Dim myTextBlock17 As New TextBlock
myTextBlock17.Text = "StackPanel.Orientation = ""Vertical"""
Dim myTextBlock18 As New TextBlock
myTextBlock18.Text = "Button.Margin = ""10"""
myStackPanel3.Children.Add(myTextBlock13)
myStackPanel3.Children.Add(myButton7)
myStackPanel3.Children.Add(myButton8)
myStackPanel3.Children.Add(myButton9)
myStackPanel3.Children.Add(myTextBlock14)
myStackPanel3.Children.Add(myTextBlock15)
myStackPanel3.Children.Add(myTextBlock16)
myStackPanel3.Children.Add(myTextBlock17)
myStackPanel3.Children.Add(myTextBlock18)
'Add child content to the parent Grid.
myGrid.Children.Add(myStackPanel)
myGrid.Children.Add(myStackPanel2)
myGrid.Children.Add(myStackPanel3)
'Add the Grid as the lone child of the Border.
myBorder.Child = myGrid
<Page xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation" WindowTitle="Margins, Padding and Alignment Sample">
<Border Background="LightBlue"
BorderBrush="Black"
BorderThickness="2"
CornerRadius="45"
Padding="25">
<Grid Background="White" ShowGridLines="True">
<Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<ColumnDefinition Width="Auto"/>
<ColumnDefinition Width="*"/>
<ColumnDefinition Width="Auto"/>
</Grid.ColumnDefinitions>
<StackPanel Grid.Column="0" Grid.Row="0" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Name="StackPanel1" VerticalAlignment="Top">
<TextBlock FontSize="18" HorizontalAlignment="Center" Margin="0,0,0,15">StackPanel1</TextBlock>
<Button Margin="0,10,0,10">Button 1</Button>
<Button Margin="0,10,0,10">Button 2</Button>
<Button Margin="0,10,0,10">Button 3</Button>
<TextBlock>ColumnDefinition.Width="Auto"</TextBlock>
<TextBlock>StackPanel.HorizontalAlignment="Left"</TextBlock>
<TextBlock>StackPanel.VerticalAlignment="Top"</TextBlock>
<TextBlock>StackPanel.Orientation="Vertical"</TextBlock>
<TextBlock>Button.Margin="0,10,0,10"</TextBlock>
</StackPanel>
<StackPanel Grid.Column="1" Grid.Row="0" HorizontalAlignment="Stretch" Name="StackPanel2" VerticalAlignment="Top" Orientation="Vertical">
<TextBlock FontSize="18" HorizontalAlignment="Center" Margin="0,0,0,15">StackPanel2</TextBlock>
<Button Margin="10,0,10,0">Button 4</Button>
<Button Margin="10,0,10,0">Button 5</Button>
<Button Margin="10,0,10,0">Button 6</Button>
<TextBlock HorizontalAlignment="Center">ColumnDefinition.Width="*"</TextBlock>
<TextBlock HorizontalAlignment="Center">StackPanel.HorizontalAlignment="Stretch"</TextBlock>
<TextBlock HorizontalAlignment="Center">StackPanel.VerticalAlignment="Top"</TextBlock>
<TextBlock HorizontalAlignment="Center">StackPanel.Orientation="Vertical"</TextBlock>
<TextBlock HorizontalAlignment="Center">Button.Margin="10,0,10,0"</TextBlock>
</StackPanel>
<StackPanel Grid.Column="2" Grid.Row="0" HorizontalAlignment="Left" Name="StackPanel3" VerticalAlignment="Top">
<TextBlock FontSize="18" HorizontalAlignment="Center" Margin="0,0,0,15">StackPanel3</TextBlock>
<Button Margin="10">Button 7</Button>
<Button Margin="10">Button 8</Button>
<Button Margin="10">Button 9</Button>
<TextBlock>ColumnDefinition.Width="Auto"</TextBlock>
<TextBlock>StackPanel.HorizontalAlignment="Left"</TextBlock>
<TextBlock>StackPanel.VerticalAlignment="Top"</TextBlock>
<TextBlock>StackPanel.Orientation="Vertical"</TextBlock>
<TextBlock>Button.Margin="10"</TextBlock>
</StackPanel>
</Grid>
</Border>
</Page>
Saat dikompilasi, aplikasi sebelumnya menghasilkan UI yang terlihat seperti ilustrasi berikut. Efek dari berbagai nilai properti terlihat dalam penspasian antara elemen, dan nilai properti yang signifikan untuk elemen di setiap kolom ditampilkan dalam TextBlock elemen.
Apa Berikutnya
Properti penempatan yang ditentukan oleh FrameworkElement kelas memungkinkan kontrol halus penempatan elemen dalam aplikasi WPF. Anda sekarang memiliki beberapa teknik yang dapat Anda gunakan untuk memposisikan elemen dengan lebih baik menggunakan WPF.
Sumber daya tambahan tersedia yang menjelaskan tata letak WPF secara lebih rinci. Topik Gambaran Umum Panel berisi detail lebih lanjut tentang berbagai Panel elemen. Topik Panduan: Aplikasi desktop WPF pertama saya memperkenalkan teknik canggih yang menggunakan elemen tata letak untuk memosisikan komponen dan mengikat tindakan mereka ke sumber data.
Baca juga
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