Panduan: Menghosting Kontrol Komposit WPF 3D di Formulir Windows

Artikel
10/18/2023

Panduan ini menunjukkan bagaimana Anda dapat membuat kontrol komposit WPF dan menghostingnya dalam kontrol dan formulir Formulir Windows dengan menggunakan ElementHost kontrol.

Dalam panduan ini, Anda akan menerapkan WPF UserControl yang berisi dua kontrol anak. Menampilkan UserControl kerudung tiga dimensi (3D). Merender objek 3D jauh lebih mudah dengan WPF daripada dengan Formulir Windows. Oleh karena itu, masuk akal untuk menghosting kelas WPF UserControl untuk membuat grafik 3D di Formulir Windows.

Tugas yang diilustrasikan dalam panduan ini meliputi:

Membuat WPF UserControl.
Membuat proyek host Formulir Windows.
Hosting WPF UserControl.

Prasyarat

Anda memerlukan komponen berikut untuk menyelesaikan panduan ini:

Visual Studio 2017

Membuat UserControl

Buat proyek Pustaka Kontrol Pengguna WPF bernama HostingWpfUserControlInWf.
Buka UserControl1.xaml di WPF Designer.

Ganti kode yang dihasilkan dengan kode berikut:

<UserControl x:Class="HostingWpfUserControlInWf.UserControl1"
    xmlns="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml/presentation"
    xmlns:x="http://schemas.microsoft.com/winfx/2006/xaml"
    >
  
    <Grid>

      <!-- Place a Label control at the top of the view. -->
      <Label 
                HorizontalAlignment="Center" 
                TextBlock.TextAlignment="Center" 
                FontSize="20" 
                Foreground="Red" 
                Content="Model: Cone"/>

      <!-- Viewport3D is the rendering surface. -->
      <Viewport3D Name="myViewport" >

        <!-- Add a camera. -->
        <Viewport3D.Camera>
          <PerspectiveCamera 
                        FarPlaneDistance="20" 
                        LookDirection="0,0,1" 
                        UpDirection="0,1,0" 
                        NearPlaneDistance="1" 
                        Position="0,0,-3" 
                        FieldOfView="45" />
        </Viewport3D.Camera>

        <!-- Add models. -->
        <Viewport3D.Children>

          <ModelVisual3D>
            <ModelVisual3D.Content>

              <Model3DGroup >
                <Model3DGroup.Children>

                  <!-- Lights, MeshGeometry3D and DiffuseMaterial objects are added to the ModelVisual3D. -->
                  <DirectionalLight Color="#FFFFFFFF" Direction="3,-4,5" />

                  <!-- Define a red cone. -->
                  <GeometryModel3D>

                    <GeometryModel3D.Geometry>
                      <MeshGeometry3D 
    Positions="0.293893 -0.5 0.404509  0.475528 -0.5 0.154509  0 0.5 0  0.475528 -0.5 0.154509  0 0.5 0  0 0.5 0  0.475528 -0.5 0.154509  0.475528 -0.5 -0.154509  0 0.5 0  0.475528 -0.5 -0.154509  0 0.5 0  0 0.5 0  0.475528 -0.5 -0.154509  0.293893 -0.5 -0.404509  0 0.5 0  0.293893 -0.5 -0.404509  0 0.5 0  0 0.5 0  0.293893 -0.5 -0.404509  0 -0.5 -0.5  0 0.5 0  0 -0.5 -0.5  0 0.5 0  0 0.5 0  0 -0.5 -0.5  -0.293893 -0.5 -0.404509  0 0.5 0  -0.293893 -0.5 -0.404509  0 0.5 0  0 0.5 0  -0.293893 -0.5 -0.404509  -0.475528 -0.5 -0.154509  0 0.5 0  -0.475528 -0.5 -0.154509  0 0.5 0  0 0.5 0  -0.475528 -0.5 -0.154509  -0.475528 -0.5 0.154509  0 0.5 0  -0.475528 -0.5 0.154509  0 0.5 0  0 0.5 0  -0.475528 -0.5 0.154509  -0.293892 -0.5 0.404509  0 0.5 0  -0.293892 -0.5 0.404509  0 0.5 0  0 0.5 0  -0.293892 -0.5 0.404509  0 -0.5 0.5  0 0.5 0  0 -0.5 0.5  0 0.5 0  0 0.5 0  0 -0.5 0.5  0.293893 -0.5 0.404509  0 0.5 0  0.293893 -0.5 0.404509  0 0.5 0  0 0.5 0  " 
    Normals="0.7236065,0.4472139,0.5257313  0.2763934,0.4472138,0.8506507  0.5308242,0.4294462,0.7306172  0.2763934,0.4472138,0.8506507  0,0.4294458,0.9030925  0.5308242,0.4294462,0.7306172  0.2763934,0.4472138,0.8506507  -0.2763934,0.4472138,0.8506507  0,0.4294458,0.9030925  -0.2763934,0.4472138,0.8506507  -0.5308242,0.4294462,0.7306172  0,0.4294458,0.9030925  -0.2763934,0.4472138,0.8506507  -0.7236065,0.4472139,0.5257313  -0.5308242,0.4294462,0.7306172  -0.7236065,0.4472139,0.5257313  -0.858892,0.429446,0.279071  -0.5308242,0.4294462,0.7306172  -0.7236065,0.4472139,0.5257313  -0.8944269,0.4472139,0  -0.858892,0.429446,0.279071  -0.8944269,0.4472139,0  -0.858892,0.429446,-0.279071  -0.858892,0.429446,0.279071  -0.8944269,0.4472139,0  -0.7236065,0.4472139,-0.5257313  -0.858892,0.429446,-0.279071  -0.7236065,0.4472139,-0.5257313  -0.5308242,0.4294462,-0.7306172  -0.858892,0.429446,-0.279071  -0.7236065,0.4472139,-0.5257313  -0.2763934,0.4472138,-0.8506507  -0.5308242,0.4294462,-0.7306172  -0.2763934,0.4472138,-0.8506507  0,0.4294458,-0.9030925  -0.5308242,0.4294462,-0.7306172  -0.2763934,0.4472138,-0.8506507  0.2763934,0.4472138,-0.8506507  0,0.4294458,-0.9030925  0.2763934,0.4472138,-0.8506507  0.5308249,0.4294459,-0.7306169  0,0.4294458,-0.9030925  0.2763934,0.4472138,-0.8506507  0.7236068,0.4472141,-0.5257306  0.5308249,0.4294459,-0.7306169  0.7236068,0.4472141,-0.5257306  0.8588922,0.4294461,-0.27907  0.5308249,0.4294459,-0.7306169  0.7236068,0.4472141,-0.5257306  0.8944269,0.4472139,0  0.8588922,0.4294461,-0.27907  0.8944269,0.4472139,0  0.858892,0.429446,0.279071  0.8588922,0.4294461,-0.27907  0.8944269,0.4472139,0  0.7236065,0.4472139,0.5257313  0.858892,0.429446,0.279071  0.7236065,0.4472139,0.5257313  0.5308242,0.4294462,0.7306172  0.858892,0.429446,0.279071  "                   TriangleIndices="0 1 2 3 4 5 6 7 8 9 10 11 12 13 14 15 16 17 18 19 20 21 22 23 24 25 26 27 28 29 30 31 32 33 34 35 36 37 38 39 40 41 42 43 44 45 46 47 48 49 50 51 52 53 54 55 56 57 58 59 " />
                    </GeometryModel3D.Geometry>

                    <GeometryModel3D.Material>
                      <DiffuseMaterial>
                        <DiffuseMaterial.Brush>
                          <SolidColorBrush 
                            Color="Red" 
                            Opacity="1.0"/>
                        </DiffuseMaterial.Brush>
                      </DiffuseMaterial>
                    </GeometryModel3D.Material>

                  </GeometryModel3D>

                </Model3DGroup.Children>
              </Model3DGroup>

            </ModelVisual3D.Content>

          </ModelVisual3D>

        </Viewport3D.Children>

      </Viewport3D>
    </Grid>
  
</UserControl>

Kode ini mendefinisikan System.Windows.Controls.UserControl yang berisi dua kontrol anak. Kontrol anak pertama adalah System.Windows.Controls.Label kontrol; yang kedua adalah Viewport3D kontrol yang menampilkan kerumpul 3D.

Membuat proyek host

Tambahkan proyek Formulir Windows App (.NET Framework) yang dinamai WpfUserControlHost ke solusi.
Dalam Penjelajah Solusi, tambahkan referensi ke rakitan WindowsFormsIntegration, yang diberi nama WindowsFormsIntegration.dll.
Tambahkan referensi ke rakitan WPF berikut:
- PresentationCore
- PresentationFramework
- WindowsBase
Tambahkan referensi ke HostingWpfUserControlInWf proyek.
Di Penjelajah Solusi, atur WpfUserControlHost proyek menjadi proyek startup.

Host the UserControl

Di Formulir Windows Designer, buka Form1.
Di jendela Properti, klik Peristiwa, lalu klik Load dua kali peristiwa untuk membuat penanganan aktivitas.

Editor Kode terbuka untuk penanganan aktivitas yang baru dibuat Form1_Load .

Ganti kode di Form1.cs dengan kode berikut.

Penanganan Form1_Load aktivitas membuat instans UserControl1 dan menambahkannya ke ElementHost kumpulan kontrol anak kontrol. ElementHost Kontrol ditambahkan ke kumpulan kontrol anak formulir.

using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.ComponentModel;
using System.Data;
using System.Drawing;
using System.Text;
using System.Windows.Forms;

using System.Windows.Forms.Integration;

namespace WpfUserControlHost
{
    public partial class Form1 : Form
    {
        public Form1()
        {
            InitializeComponent();
        }

        private void Form1_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
        {
            // Create the ElementHost control for hosting the
            // WPF UserControl.
            ElementHost host = new ElementHost();
            host.Dock = DockStyle.Fill;

            // Create the WPF UserControl.
            HostingWpfUserControlInWf.UserControl1 uc =
                new HostingWpfUserControlInWf.UserControl1();

            // Assign the WPF UserControl to the ElementHost control's
            // Child property.
            host.Child = uc;

            // Add the ElementHost control to the form's
            // collection of child controls.
            this.Controls.Add(host);
        }
    }
}

Imports System.Collections.Generic
Imports System.ComponentModel
Imports System.Data
Imports System.Drawing
Imports System.Text
Imports System.Windows.Forms

Imports System.Windows.Forms.Integration

Public Class Form1
    Inherits Form

    Private Sub Form1_Load(ByVal sender As System.Object, ByVal e As System.EventArgs) Handles MyBase.Load
        ' Create the ElementHost control for hosting the
        ' WPF UserControl.
        Dim host As New ElementHost()
        host.Dock = DockStyle.Fill

        ' Create the WPF UserControl.
        Dim uc As New HostingWpfUserControlInWf.UserControl1()

        ' Assign the WPF UserControl to the ElementHost control's
        ' Child property.
        host.Child = uc

        ' Add the ElementHost control to the form's
        ' collection of child controls.
        Me.Controls.Add(host)
    End Sub

End Class

Tekan F5 untuk membangun dan menjalankan aplikasi.

Bagikan melalui

Panduan: Menghosting Kontrol Komposit WPF 3D di Formulir Windows

Prasyarat

Membuat UserControl

Membuat proyek host

Host the UserControl

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