Type.GetMembers Method

Definition

Namespace:

System

Assembly:

System.Runtime.dll

Gets the members (properties, methods, fields, events, and so on) of the current Type.

Overloads

GetMembers(BindingFlags)	When overridden in a derived class, searches for the members defined for the current Type, using the specified binding constraints.
GetMembers()	Returns all the public members of the current Type.

GetMembers(BindingFlags)

Source:

Type.cs

When overridden in a derived class, searches for the members defined for the current Type, using the specified binding constraints.

public:
 abstract cli::array <System::Reflection::MemberInfo ^> ^ GetMembers(System::Reflection::BindingFlags bindingAttr);

public abstract System.Reflection.MemberInfo[] GetMembers (System.Reflection.BindingFlags bindingAttr);

abstract member GetMembers : System.Reflection.BindingFlags -> System.Reflection.MemberInfo[]

Public MustOverride Function GetMembers (bindingAttr As BindingFlags) As MemberInfo()

Parameters

bindingAttr

BindingFlags

A bitwise combination of the enumeration values that specify how the search is conducted.

-or-

Default to return an empty array.

Returns

MemberInfo[]

An array of MemberInfo objects representing all members defined for the current Type that match the specified binding constraints.

-or-

An empty array if no members are defined for the current Type, or if none of the defined members match the binding constraints.

Implements

GetMembers(BindingFlags)

Examples

The following code example demonstrates how to use the GetMembers(BindingFlags) method overload to collect information about all public instance members of a specified class.

ref class MyClass
{
public:
   int * myInt;
   String^ myString;
   MyClass(){}

   void Myfunction(){}

};

int main()
{
   try
   {
      MyClass^ MyObject = gcnew MyClass;
      array<MemberInfo^>^myMemberInfo;
      
      // Get the type of the class 'MyClass'.
      Type^ myType = MyObject->GetType();
      
      // Get the public instance members of the class 'MyClass'.
      myMemberInfo = myType->GetMembers( static_cast<BindingFlags>(BindingFlags::Public | BindingFlags::Instance) );
      Console::WriteLine( "\nThe public instance members of class '{0}' are : \n", myType );
      for ( int i = 0; i < myMemberInfo->Length; i++ )
      {
         
         // Display name and type of the member of 'MyClass'.
         Console::WriteLine( "'{0}' is a {1}", myMemberInfo[ i ]->Name, myMemberInfo[ i ]->MemberType );

      }
   }
   catch ( SecurityException^ e ) 
   {
      Console::WriteLine( "SecurityException : {0}", e->Message );
   }


      //Output:
      //The public instance members of class 'MyClass' are :

      //'Myfunction' is a Method
      //'ToString' is a Method
      //'Equals' is a Method
      //'GetHashCode' is a Method
      //'GetType' is a Method
      //'.ctor' is a Constructor
      //'myInt' is a Field
      //'myString' is a Field

}

class MyClass
{
   public int myInt = 0;
   public string myString = null;

   public MyClass()
   {
   }
   public void Myfunction()
   {
   }
}

class Type_GetMembers_BindingFlags
{
   public static void Main()
   {
      try
      {
         MyClass MyObject = new MyClass();
         MemberInfo [] myMemberInfo;

         // Get the type of the class 'MyClass'.
         Type myType = MyObject.GetType();

         // Get the public instance members of the class 'MyClass'.
         myMemberInfo = myType.GetMembers(BindingFlags.Public|BindingFlags.Instance);

         Console.WriteLine( "\nThe public instance members of class '{0}' are : \n", myType);
         for (int i =0 ; i < myMemberInfo.Length ; i++)
         {
            // Display name and type of the member of 'MyClass'.
            Console.WriteLine( "'{0}' is a {1}", myMemberInfo[i].Name, myMemberInfo[i].MemberType);
         }
      }
      catch (SecurityException e)
      {
         Console.WriteLine("SecurityException : " + e.Message );
      }

      //Output:
      //The public instance members of class 'MyClass' are :

      //'Myfunction' is a Method
      //'ToString' is a Method
      //'Equals' is a Method
      //'GetHashCode' is a Method
      //'GetType' is a Method
      //'.ctor' is a Constructor
      //'myInt' is a Field
      //'myString' is a Field
   }
}

open System.Reflection
open System.Security

type MyClass =
    val public myInt: int
    val public myString: string

    new () = { myInt = 0; myString = null}

    member _.MyMethod() = ()

try
    let MyObject = MyClass()

    // Get the type of the class 'MyClass'.
    let myType = MyObject.GetType()

    // Get the public instance members of the class 'MyClass'.
    let myMemberInfo = myType.GetMembers(BindingFlags.Public ||| BindingFlags.Instance)

    printfn $"\nThe public instance members of class '{myType}' are : \n"
    for i = 0 to myMemberInfo.Length - 1 do
        // Display name and type of the member of 'MyClass'.
        printfn $"'{myMemberInfo[i].Name}' is a {myMemberInfo[i].MemberType}"
with :? SecurityException as e ->
    printfn $"SecurityException : {e.Message}"

//Output:
//The public instance members of class 'MyClass' are :

//'Myfunction' is a Method
//'ToString' is a Method
//'Equals' is a Method
//'GetHashCode' is a Method
//'GetType' is a Method
//'.ctor' is a Constructor
//'myInt' is a Field
//'myString' is a Field

Class [MyClass]
   Public myInt As Integer = 0
   Public myString As String = Nothing
   
   
   Public Sub New()
   End Sub
   
   Public Sub Myfunction()
   End Sub
End Class

Class Type_GetMembers_BindingFlags
   
   Public Shared Sub Main()
      Try
         Dim MyObject As New [MyClass]()
         Dim myMemberInfo() As MemberInfo
         
         ' Get the type of the class 'MyClass'.
         Dim myType As Type = MyObject.GetType()
         
         ' Get the public instance members of the class 'MyClass'. 
         myMemberInfo = myType.GetMembers((BindingFlags.Public Or BindingFlags.Instance))
         
         Console.WriteLine(ControlChars.Cr + "The public instance members of class '{0}' are : " + ControlChars.Cr, myType)
         Dim i As Integer
         For i = 0 To myMemberInfo.Length - 1
            ' Display name and type of the member of 'MyClass'.
            Console.WriteLine("'{0}' is a {1}", myMemberInfo(i).Name, myMemberInfo(i).MemberType)
         Next i
      
      Catch e As SecurityException
         Console.WriteLine(("SecurityException : " + e.Message.ToString()))
      End Try


      'Output:
      'The public instance members of class 'MyClass' are :

      ''Myfunction' is a Method
      ''ToString' is a Method
      ''Equals' is a Method
      ''GetHashCode' is a Method
      ''GetType' is a Method
      ''.ctor' is a Constructor
      ''myInt' is a Field
      ''myString' is a Field


   End Sub
End Class

Remarks

Members include properties, methods, constructors, fields, events, and nested types.

For the GetMethods(BindingFlags) overload to successfully retrieve method information, the bindingAttr argument must include at least one of BindingFlags.Instance and BindingFlags.Static, along with at least one of BindingFlags.NonPublic and BindingFlags.Public. The sole exception is a method call with BindingFlags.NonPublic, which returns member information about nested types.

The following BindingFlags filter flags can be used to define which members to include in the search:

• Specify BindingFlags.Instance to include instance methods.

• Specify BindingFlags.Static to include static methods.

• Specify BindingFlags.Public to include public methods in the search.

• Specify BindingFlags.NonPublic to include non-public methods (that is, private, internal, and protected methods) in the search. Only protected and internal methods on base classes are returned; private methods on base classes are not returned.

• Specify BindingFlags.FlattenHierarchy to include public and protected static members up the hierarchy; private static members in inherited classes are not included.

• Specify BindingFlags.Default alone to return an empty MethodInfo array.

The following BindingFlags modifier flags can be used to change how the search works:

• BindingFlags.DeclaredOnly to search only the members declared on the Type, not members that were simply inherited.

See System.Reflection.BindingFlags for more information.

In .NET 6 and earlier versions, the GetMembers method does not return members in a particular order, such as alphabetical or declaration order. Your code must not depend on the order in which members are returned, because that order varies. However, starting with .NET 7, the ordering is deterministic based upon the metadata ordering in the assembly.

To get the class initializer (static constructor) using this method overload, you must specify BindingFlags.Static | BindingFlags.NonPublic (BindingFlags.StaticOrBindingFlags.NonPublic in Visual Basic). You can also get the class initializer using the TypeInitializer property.

If the current Type represents a constructed generic type, this method returns the MemberInfo objects with the type parameters replaced by the appropriate type arguments.

If the current Type represents a type parameter in the definition of a generic type or generic method, this method searches the members of the class constraint, or the members of Object if there is no class constraint.

See also

• MemberInfo
• BindingFlags
• DefaultBinder
• GetMember(String)
• GetDefaultMembers()
• FindMembers(MemberTypes, BindingFlags, MemberFilter, Object)

GetMembers()

Source:

Type.cs

Returns all the public members of the current Type.

public:
 cli::array <System::Reflection::MemberInfo ^> ^ GetMembers();

public System.Reflection.MemberInfo[] GetMembers ();

member this.GetMembers : unit -> System.Reflection.MemberInfo[]

Public Function GetMembers () As MemberInfo()

Returns

MemberInfo[]

An array of MemberInfo objects representing all the public members of the current Type.

-or-

An empty array of type MemberInfo, if the current Type does not have public members.

Examples

The following code example demonstrates how to use the GetMembers() method overload to collect information about all public members of a specified class.

ref class MyClass
{
public:
   int myInt;
   String^ myString;
   MyClass(){}

   void Myfunction(){}

};

int main()
{
   try
   {
      MyClass^ myObject = gcnew MyClass;
      array<MemberInfo^>^myMemberInfo;
      
      // Get the type of 'MyClass'.
      Type^ myType = myObject->GetType();
      
      // Get the information related to all public members of 'MyClass'.
      myMemberInfo = myType->GetMembers();
      Console::WriteLine( "\nThe members of class '{0}' are :\n", myType );
      for ( int i = 0; i < myMemberInfo->Length; i++ )
      {
         
         // Display name and type of the concerned member.
         Console::WriteLine( "'{0}' is a {1}", myMemberInfo[ i ]->Name, myMemberInfo[ i ]->MemberType );

      }
   }
   catch ( SecurityException^ e ) 
   {
      Console::WriteLine( "Exception : {0}", e->Message );
   }

}

class MyClass
{
   public int myInt = 0;
   public string myString = null;

   public MyClass()
   {
   }
   public void Myfunction()
   {
   }
}

class Type_GetMembers
{
   public static void Main()
   {
      try
      {
         MyClass myObject = new MyClass();
         MemberInfo[] myMemberInfo;

         // Get the type of 'MyClass'.
         Type myType = myObject.GetType();

         // Get the information related to all public member's of 'MyClass'.
         myMemberInfo = myType.GetMembers();

         Console.WriteLine( "\nThe members of class '{0}' are :\n", myType);
         for (int i =0 ; i < myMemberInfo.Length ; i++)
         {
            // Display name and type of the concerned member.
            Console.WriteLine( "'{0}' is a {1}", myMemberInfo[i].Name, myMemberInfo[i].MemberType);
         }
      }
      catch(SecurityException e)
      {
         Console.WriteLine("Exception : " + e.Message );
      }
   }
}

type MyClass =
    val public myInt: int
    val public myString: string

    new () = { myInt = 0; myString = null}

    member _.MyMethod() = ()

try
    let myObject = MyClass()

    // Get the type of 'MyClass'.
    let myType = myObject.GetType()

    // Get the information related to all public member's of 'MyClass'.
    let myMemberInfo = myType.GetMembers()

    printfn $"\nThe members of class '{myType}' are :\n"
    for i = 0 to myMemberInfo.Length - 1 do
    // Display name and type of the concerned member.
        printfn $"'{myMemberInfo[i].Name}' is a {myMemberInfo[i].MemberType}"
with e ->
    printfn $"Exception : {e.Message}"

Class [MyClass]
   Public myInt As Integer = 0
   Public myString As String = Nothing
   
   
   Public Sub New()
   End Sub
   
   Public Sub Myfunction()
   End Sub
End Class

Class Type_GetMembers
   
   Public Shared Sub Main()
      Try
         Dim myObject As New [MyClass]()
         Dim myMemberInfo() As MemberInfo
         
         ' Get the type of 'MyClass'.
         Dim myType As Type = myObject.GetType()
         
         ' Get the information related to all public member's of 'MyClass'. 
         myMemberInfo = myType.GetMembers()
         
         Console.WriteLine(ControlChars.Cr + "The members of class '{0}' are :" + ControlChars.Cr, myType)
         Dim i As Integer
         For i = 0 To myMemberInfo.Length - 1
            ' Display name and type of the concerned member.
            Console.WriteLine("'{0}' is a {1}", myMemberInfo(i).Name, myMemberInfo(i).MemberType)
         Next i

      Catch e As SecurityException
         Console.WriteLine(("Exception : " + e.Message.ToString()))
      End Try
   End Sub
End Class

Remarks

Members include properties, methods, constructors, fields, events, and nested types.

In .NET 6 and earlier versions, the GetMembers method does not return members in a particular order, such as alphabetical or declaration order. Your code must not depend on the order in which members are returned, because that order varies. However, starting with .NET 7, the ordering is deterministic based upon the metadata ordering in the assembly.

This method overload calls the GetMembers(BindingFlags) method overload, with BindingFlags.Public | BindingFlags.Instance | BindingFlags.Static (BindingFlags.PublicOrBindingFlags.InstanceOrBindingFlags.Static in Visual Basic). It will not find class initializers (static constructors). To find class initializers, call the GetMembers(BindingFlags) overload, and specify BindingFlags.Static | BindingFlags.NonPublic (BindingFlags.StaticOrBindingFlags.NonPublic in Visual Basic). You can also get the class initializer using the TypeInitializer property.

The following table shows what members of a base class are returned by the Get methods when reflecting on a type.

Member Type	Static	Non-Static
Constructor	No	No
Field	No	Yes. A field is always hide-by-name-and-signature.
Event	Not applicable	The common type system rule is that the inheritance is the same as that of the methods that implement the property. Reflection treats properties as hide-by-name-and-signature. See note 2 below.
Method	No	Yes. A method (both virtual and non-virtual) can be hide-by-name or hide-by-name-and-signature.
Nested Type	No	No
Property	Not applicable	The common type system rule is that the inheritance is the same as that of the methods that implement the property. Reflection treats properties as hide-by-name-and-signature. See note 2 below.

1. Hide-by-name-and-signature considers all of the parts of the signature, including custom modifiers, return types, parameter types, sentinels, and unmanaged calling conventions. This is a binary comparison.

2. For reflection, properties and events are hide-by-name-and-signature. If you have a property with both a get and a set accessor in the base class, but the derived class has only a get accessor, the derived class property hides the base class property, and you will not be able to access the setter on the base class.

3. Custom attributes are not part of the common type system.

If the current Type represents a constructed generic type, this method returns the MemberInfo objects with the type parameters replaced by the appropriate type arguments.

If the current Type represents a type parameter in the definition of a generic type or generic method, this method searches the members of the class constraint, or the members of Object if there is no class constraint.

See also

• MemberInfo
• GetMember(String)
• GetDefaultMembers()
• FindMembers(MemberTypes, BindingFlags, MemberFilter, Object)