Berichten schrijven naar Apache HBase® met Apache Flink® DataStream-API

Artikel
10/16/2024

Notitie

Op 31 januari 2025 wordt Azure HDInsight buiten gebruik gesteld op AKS. Vóór 31 januari 2025 moet u uw workloads migreren naar Microsoft Fabric of een gelijkwaardig Azure-product om te voorkomen dat uw workloads plotseling worden beëindigd. De resterende clusters in uw abonnement worden gestopt en verwijderd van de host.

Alleen basisondersteuning is beschikbaar tot de buitengebruikstellingsdatum.

Belangrijk

Deze functie is momenteel beschikbaar in preview. De aanvullende gebruiksvoorwaarden voor Microsoft Azure Previews bevatten meer juridische voorwaarden die van toepassing zijn op Azure-functies die bèta, in preview of anderszins nog niet beschikbaar zijn in algemene beschikbaarheid. Zie Azure HDInsight op AKS Preview-informatie voor meer informatie over deze specifieke preview. Voor vragen of suggesties voor functies dient u een aanvraag in op AskHDInsight met de details en volgt u ons voor meer updates in de Azure HDInsight-community.

In dit artikel leert u hoe u berichten naar HBase schrijft met de Apache Flink DataStream-API.

Overzicht

Apache Flink biedt HBase-connector als sink, met deze connector met Flink kunt u de uitvoer van een realtime verwerkingstoepassing opslaan in HBase. Meer informatie over het verwerken van streaminggegevens in HDInsight Kafka als bron, het uitvoeren van transformaties en het sinken in de HDInsight HBase-tabel.

In een praktijkscenario is dit voorbeeld een stream analytics-laag om waarde te realiseren van IOT-analyses (Internet of Things), die gebruikmaken van live sensorgegevens. De Flink Stream kan gegevens lezen uit kafka-artikel en schrijven naar de HBase-tabel. Als er een realtime streaming-IOT-toepassing is, kan de informatie worden verzameld, getransformeerd en geoptimaliseerd.

Vereisten

Apache Flink-cluster in HDInsight op AKS
Apache Kafka-cluster in HDInsight
Apache HBase 2.4.11-cluster in HDInsight
- U moet ervoor zorgen dat HDInsight in een AKS-cluster verbinding kan maken met een HDInsight-cluster, met hetzelfde virtuele netwerk.
Maven-project op IntelliJ IDEA voor ontwikkeling op een Azure-VM in hetzelfde VNet

Implementatiestappen

Pijplijn gebruiken om kafka-onderwerp te produceren (onderwerp over klikken op gebeurtenis)

weblog.py

import json
import random
import time
from datetime import datetime

user_set = [
        'John',
        'XiaoMing',
        'Mike',
        'Tom',
        'Machael',
        'Zheng Hu',
        'Zark',
        'Tim',
        'Andrew',
        'Pick',
        'Sean',
        'Luke',
        'Chunck'
]

web_set = [
        'https://github.com',
        'https://www.bing.com/new',
        'https://kafka.apache.org',
        'https://hbase.apache.org',
        'https://flink.apache.org',
        'https://spark.apache.org',
        'https://trino.io',
        'https://hadoop.apache.org',
        'https://stackoverflow.com',
        'https://docs.python.org',
        'https://azure.microsoft.com/products/category/storage',
        '/azure/hdinsight/hdinsight-overview',
        'https://azure.microsoft.com/products/category/storage'
]

def main():
        while True:
                if random.randrange(13) < 4:
                        url = random.choice(web_set[:3])
                else:
                        url = random.choice(web_set)

                log_entry = {
                        'userName': random.choice(user_set),
                        'visitURL': url,
                        'ts': datetime.now().strftime("%m/%d/%Y %H:%M:%S")
                }

                print(json.dumps(log_entry))
                time.sleep(0.05)

if __name__ == "__main__":
    main()

Pijplijn gebruiken om een Apache Kafka-onderwerp te produceren

We gaan click_events gebruiken voor het Kafka-onderwerp

python weblog.py | /usr/hdp/current/kafka-broker/bin/kafka-console-producer.sh --bootstrap-server wn0-contsk:9092 --topic click_events

Voorbeeldopdrachten in Kafka

-- create topic (replace with your Kafka bootstrap server)
/usr/hdp/current/kafka-broker/bin/kafka-topics.sh --create --replication-factor 2 --partitions 3 --topic click_events --bootstrap-server wn0-contsk:9092

-- delete topic (replace with your Kafka bootstrap server)
/usr/hdp/current/kafka-broker/bin/kafka-topics.sh --delete  --topic click_events --bootstrap-server wn0-contsk:9092

-- produce topic (replace with your Kafka bootstrap server)
python weblog.py | /usr/hdp/current/kafka-broker/bin/kafka-console-producer.sh --bootstrap-server wn0-contsk:9092 --topic click_events

-- consume topic
/usr/hdp/current/kafka-broker/bin/kafka-console-consumer.sh --bootstrap-server wn0-contsk:9092 --topic click_events --from-beginning
{"userName": "Luke", "visitURL": "https://azure.microsoft.com/products/category/storage", "ts": "07/11/2023 06:39:43"}
{"userName": "Sean", "visitURL": "https://www.bing.com/new", "ts": "07/11/2023 06:39:43"}
{"userName": "XiaoMing", "visitURL": "https://hbase.apache.org", "ts": "07/11/2023 06:39:43"}
{"userName": "Machael", "visitURL": "https://www.bing.com/new", "ts": "07/11/2023 06:39:43"}
{"userName": "Andrew", "visitURL": "https://github.com", "ts": "07/11/2023 06:39:43"}
{"userName": "Zark", "visitURL": "https://kafka.apache.org", "ts": "07/11/2023 06:39:43"}
{"userName": "XiaoMing", "visitURL": "https://trino.io", "ts": "07/11/2023 06:39:43"}
{"userName": "Zark", "visitURL": "https://flink.apache.org", "ts": "07/11/2023 06:39:43"}
{"userName": "Mike", "visitURL": "https://kafka.apache.org", "ts": "07/11/2023 06:39:43"}
{"userName": "Zark", "visitURL": "https://docs.python.org", "ts": "07/11/2023 06:39:44"}
{"userName": "John", "visitURL": "https://www.bing.com/new", "ts": "07/11/2023 06:39:44"}
{"userName": "Mike", "visitURL": "https://hadoop.apache.org", "ts": "07/11/2023 06:39:44"}
{"userName": "Tim", "visitURL": "https://www.bing.com/new", "ts": "07/11/2023 06:39:44"}
.....

HBase-tabel maken in HDInsight-cluster

root@hn0-contos:/home/sshuser# hbase shell
SLF4J: Class path contains multiple SLF4J bindings.
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/usr/hdp/5.1.1.3/hadoop/lib/slf4j-reload4j-1.7.35.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: Found binding in [jar:file:/usr/hdp/5.1.1.3/hbase/lib/client-facing-thirdparty/slf4j-reload4j-1.7.33.jar!/org/slf4j/impl/StaticLoggerBinder.class]
SLF4J: See http://www.slf4j.org/codes.html#multiple_bindings for an explanation.
SLF4J: Actual binding is of type [org.slf4j.impl.Reload4jLoggerFactory]
HBase Shell
Use "help" to get list of supported commands.
Use "exit" to quit this interactive shell.
For more information, see, http://hbase.apache.org/2.0/book.html#shell
Version 2.4.11.5.1.1.3, rUnknown, Thu Apr 20 12:31:07 UTC 2023
Took 0.0032 seconds
hbase:001:0> create 'user_click_events','user_info'
Created table user_click_events
Took 5.1399 seconds
=> Hbase::Table - user_click_events
hbase:002:0>

Ontwikkel het project voor het indienen van jar op Flink

maven-project maken met de volgende pom.xml

<?xml version="1.0" encoding="UTF-8"?>
<project xmlns="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0"
         xmlns:xsi="http://www.w3.org/2001/XMLSchema-instance"
         xsi:schemaLocation="http://maven.apache.org/POM/4.0.0 http://maven.apache.org/xsd/maven-4.0.0.xsd">
    <modelVersion>4.0.0</modelVersion>

    <groupId>contoso.example</groupId>
    <artifactId>FlinkHbaseDemo</artifactId>
    <version>1.0-SNAPSHOT</version>
    <properties>
        <maven.compiler.source>1.8</maven.compiler.source>
        <maven.compiler.target>1.8</maven.compiler.target>
        <flink.version>1.17.0</flink.version>
        <java.version>1.8</java.version>
        <scala.binary.version>2.12</scala.binary.version>
        <hbase.version>2.4.11</hbase.version>
        <kafka.version>3.2.0</kafka.version>
    </properties>
    <dependencies>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.flink</groupId>
            <artifactId>flink-java</artifactId>
            <version>${flink.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.flink/flink-streaming-java -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.flink</groupId>
            <artifactId>flink-streaming-java</artifactId>
            <version>${flink.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.flink/flink-clients -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.flink</groupId>
            <artifactId>flink-clients</artifactId>
            <version>${flink.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.flink/flink-connector-hbase-base -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.flink</groupId>
            <artifactId>flink-connector-hbase-base</artifactId>
            <version>${flink.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.hbase/hbase-client -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.hbase</groupId>
            <artifactId>hbase-client</artifactId>
            <version>${hbase.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.hadoop</groupId>
            <artifactId>hadoop-common</artifactId>
            <version>3.1.1</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.flink</groupId>
            <artifactId>flink-connector-kafka</artifactId>
            <version>${flink.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <!-- https://mvnrepository.com/artifact/org.apache.flink/flink-connector-base -->
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.flink</groupId>
            <artifactId>flink-connector-base</artifactId>
            <version>${flink.version}</version>
        </dependency>
        <dependency>
            <groupId>org.apache.flink</groupId>
            <artifactId>flink-core</artifactId>
            <version>${flink.version}</version>
        </dependency>
    </dependencies>
    <build>
        <plugins>
            <plugin>
                <groupId>org.apache.maven.plugins</groupId>
                <artifactId>maven-assembly-plugin</artifactId>
                <version>3.0.0</version>
                <configuration>
                    <appendAssemblyId>false</appendAssemblyId>
                    <descriptorRefs>
                        <descriptorRef>jar-with-dependencies</descriptorRef>
                    </descriptorRefs>
                </configuration>
                <executions>
                    <execution>
                        <id>make-assembly</id>
                        <phase>package</phase>
                        <goals>
                            <goal>single</goal>
                        </goals>
                    </execution>
                </executions>
            </plugin>
        </plugins>
    </build>
</project>

Broncode

HBase Sink-programma schrijven

HBaseWriterSink

package contoso.example;

import org.apache.flink.api.java.tuple.Tuple3;
import org.apache.flink.configuration.Configuration;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.functions.sink.RichSinkFunction;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.HBaseConfiguration;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.TableName;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.client.*;
import org.apache.hadoop.hbase.util.Bytes;

public class HBaseWriterSink extends RichSinkFunction<Tuple3<String,String,String>> {
    String hbase_zk = "<update-hbasezk-ip>:2181,<update-hbasezk-ip>:2181,<update-hbasezk-ip>:2181";
    Connection hbase_conn;
    Table tb;
    int i = 0;
    @Override
    public void open(Configuration parameters) throws Exception {
        super.open(parameters);
        org.apache.hadoop.conf.Configuration hbase_conf = HBaseConfiguration.create();
        hbase_conf.set("hbase.zookeeper.quorum", hbase_zk);
        hbase_conf.set("zookeeper.znode.parent", "/hbase-unsecure");
        hbase_conn = ConnectionFactory.createConnection(hbase_conf);
        tb = hbase_conn.getTable(TableName.valueOf("user_click_events"));
    }

    @Override
    public void invoke(Tuple3<String,String,String> value, Context context) throws Exception {
        byte[] rowKey = Bytes.toBytes(String.format("%010d", i++));
        Put put = new Put(rowKey);
        put.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes("user_info"), Bytes.toBytes("userName"), Bytes.toBytes(value.f0));
        put.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes("user_info"), Bytes.toBytes("visitURL"), Bytes.toBytes(value.f1));
        put.addColumn(Bytes.toBytes("user_info"), Bytes.toBytes("ts"), Bytes.toBytes(value.f2));
        tb.put(put);
    };

    public void close() throws Exception {
        if (null != tb) tb.close();
        if (null != hbase_conn) hbase_conn.close();
    }
}

main:KafkaSinkToHbase

Een Kafka-sink schrijven naar het HBase-programma

package contoso.example;

import org.apache.flink.api.common.eventtime.WatermarkStrategy;
import org.apache.flink.api.common.serialization.SimpleStringSchema;
import org.apache.flink.api.common.typeinfo.Types;

import org.apache.flink.api.java.tuple.Tuple3;
import org.apache.flink.connector.kafka.source.KafkaSource;
import org.apache.flink.connector.kafka.source.enumerator.initializer.OffsetsInitializer;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.datastream.DataStream;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.datastream.DataStreamSource;
import org.apache.flink.streaming.api.environment.StreamExecutionEnvironment;

public class KafkaSinkToHbase {
    public static void main(String[] args) throws Exception {

        StreamExecutionEnvironment env = StreamExecutionEnvironment.getExecutionEnvironment().setParallelism(1);
        String kafka_brokers = "10.0.0.38:9092,10.0.0.39:9092,10.0.0.40:9092";

        KafkaSource<String> source = KafkaSource.<String>builder()
                .setBootstrapServers(kafka_brokers)
                .setTopics("click_events")
                .setGroupId("my-group")
                .setStartingOffsets(OffsetsInitializer.earliest())
                .setValueOnlyDeserializer(new SimpleStringSchema())
                .build();

        DataStreamSource<String> kafka = env.fromSource(source, WatermarkStrategy.noWatermarks(), "Kafka Source").setParallelism(1);
        DataStream<Tuple3<String,String,String>> dataStream = kafka.map(line-> {
            String[] fields = line.toString().replace("{","").replace("}","").
            replace("\"","").split(",");
            Tuple3<String, String,String> tuple3 = Tuple3.of(fields[0].substring(10),fields[1].substring(11),fields[2].substring(5));
            return tuple3;
        }).returns(Types.TUPLE(Types.STRING,Types.STRING,Types.STRING));

        dataStream.addSink(new HBaseWriterSink());

        env.execute("Kafka Sink To Hbase");
    }
}

Nieuw taak indienen

Upload het jar-bestand van de taak naar het opslagaccount dat is gekoppeld aan het cluster.
Voeg taakdetails toe op het tabblad Toepassingsmodus.

Notitie

Zorg ervoor dat u deze toevoegt Hadoop.class.enable en classloader.resolve-order instelt.
Selecteer Taaklogboekaggregatie om logboeken op te slaan in ABFS.
Verzend de taak.
U moet hier de status van de ingediende taak kunnen zien.

HBase-tabelgegevens valideren

hbase:001:0> scan 'user_click_events',{LIMIT=>5}
ROW                                  COLUMN+CELL
0000000000                          column=user_info:ts, timestamp=2024-03-20T02:02:46.932, value=03/20/2024 02:02:43
0000000000                          column=user_info:userName, timestamp=2024-03-20T02:02:46.932, value=Pick
0000000000                          column=user_info:visitURL, timestamp=2024-03-20T02:02:46.932, value=
https://hadoop.apache.org
0000000001                          column=user_info:ts, timestamp=2024-03-20T02:02:46.991, value=03/20/2024 02:02:43
0000000001                          column=user_info:userName, timestamp=2024-03-20T02:02:46.991, value=Zheng Hu
0000000001                          column=user_info:visitURL, timestamp=2024-03-20T02:02:46.991, value=/azure/hdinsight/hdinsight-overview
0000000002                          column=user_info:ts, timestamp=2024-03-20T02:02:47.001, value=03/20/2024 02:02:43
0000000002                          column=user_info:userName, timestamp=2024-03-20T02:02:47.001, value=Sean
0000000002                          column=user_info:visitURL, timestamp=2024-03-20T02:02:47.001, value=
https://spark.apache.org
0000000003                          column=user_info:ts, timestamp=2024-03-20T02:02:47.008, value=03/20/2024 02:02:43
0000000003                          column=user_info:userName, timestamp=2024-03-20T02:02:47.008, value=Zheng Hu
0000000003                          column=user_info:visitURL, timestamp=2024-03-20T02:02:47.008, value=
https://kafka.apache.org
0000000004                          column=user_info:ts, timestamp=2024-03-20T02:02:47.017, value=03/20/2024 02:02:43
0000000004                          column=user_info:userName, timestamp=2024-03-20T02:02:47.017, value=Chunck
0000000004                          column=user_info:visitURL, timestamp=2024-03-20T02:02:47.017, value=
https://github.com
5 row(s)
Took 0.9269 seconds