Unary Operators - Negative
Applies to: SQL Server Azure SQL Database Azure SQL Managed Instance Azure Synapse Analytics Analytics Platform System (PDW) SQL analytics endpoint in Microsoft Fabric Warehouse in Microsoft Fabric
Returns the negative of the value of a numeric expression (a unary operator). Unary operators perform an operation on only one expression of any one of the data types of the numeric data type category.
Operator | Meaning |
---|---|
+ (Positive) | Numeric value is positive. |
- (Negative) | Numeric value is negative. |
~ (Bitwise NOT) | Returns the ones complement of the number. |
The + (Positive) and - (Negative) operators can be used on any expression of any one of the data types of the numeric data type category. The ~ (Bitwise NOT) operator can be used only on expressions of any one of the data types of the integer data type category.
Transact-SQL syntax conventions
Syntax
- numeric_expression
Note
To view Transact-SQL syntax for SQL Server 2014 (12.x) and earlier versions, see Previous versions documentation.
Arguments
numeric_expression
Is any valid expression of any one of the data types of the numeric data type category, except the date and time category.
Result Types
Returns the data type of numeric_expression, except that an unsigned tinyint expression is promoted to a signed smallint result.
Examples
A. Setting a variable to a negative value
The following example sets a variable to a negative value.
USE tempdb;
GO
DECLARE @MyNumber DECIMAL(10,2);
SET @MyNumber = -123.45;
SELECT @MyNumber AS NegativeValue;
GO
Here is the result set.
NegativeValue
---------------------------------------
-123.45
(1 row(s) affected)
B. Changing a variable to a negative value
The following example changes a variable to a negative value.
USE tempdb;
GO
DECLARE @Num1 INT;
SET @Num1 = 5;
SELECT @Num1 AS VariableValue, -@Num1 AS NegativeValue;
GO
Here is the result set.
VariableValue NegativeValue
------------- -------------
5 -5
(1 row(s) affected)
Examples: Azure Synapse Analytics and Analytics Platform System (PDW)
C. Returning the negative of a positive constant
The following example returns the negative of a positive constant.
USE ssawPDW;
SELECT TOP (1) - 17 FROM DimEmployee;
Returns
-17
D. Returning the positive of a negative constant
The following example returns the positive of a negative constant.
USE ssawPDW;
SELECT TOP (1) - ( - 17) FROM DimEmployee;
Returns
17
E. Returning the negative of a column
The following example returns the negative of the BaseRate
value for each employee in the dimEmployee
table.
USE ssawPDW;
SELECT - BaseRate FROM DimEmployee;
See Also
Data Types (Transact-SQL)
Expressions (Transact-SQL)
Operators (Transact-SQL)
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