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Oracle database

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Summary

Item Description
Release State General Availability
Products Excel
Power BI (Semantic models)
Power BI (Dataflows)
Fabric (Dataflow Gen2)
Power Apps (Dataflows)
Dynamics 365 Customer Insights
Analysis Services
Authentication Types Supported Windows (desktop/online)
Database (desktop)
Basic (online)
Microsoft account (desktop)
Function Reference Documentation Oracle.Database

Note

Some capabilities may be present in one product but not others due to deployment schedules and host-specific capabilities.

Prerequisites

Supported Oracle versions:

  • Oracle Database Server 12c (12.1.0.2) and later
  • Oracle Autonomous Database - all versions

Before you can connect to an Oracle database using Power Query, you need to install the Oracle Client for Microsoft Tools (OCMT).

To connect to an Oracle database with the on-premises data gateway, 64-bit OCMT must be installed on the computer running the gateway. For more information, go to Manage your data source - Oracle.

Capabilities Supported

  • Import
  • DirectQuery (Power BI semantic models)
  • Advanced options
    • Command timeout in minutes
    • SQL statement
    • Include relationship columns
    • Navigate using full hierarchy

Download and install Oracle Client for Microsoft Tools

Oracle Client for Microsoft Tools installs and configures Oracle Data Provider for .NET (ODP.NET) to support 32-bit and 64-bit Microsoft tool connections with Oracle on-premises and cloud databases, including Oracle Autonomous Database (ADB). OCMT is a graphical installer that automates the Oracle Database Client setup process. It supports connecting with Power BI Desktop, Power BI service, Fabric (Dataflow Gen2), Excel, SQL Server Analysis Services, SQL Server Data Tools, SQL Server Integration Services, SQL Server Reporting Services, and BizTalk Server.

OCMT is free software. It can be downloaded from the Oracle Client for Microsoft Tools page. For 64-bit Power BI Desktop and Power BI service, use 64-bit OCMT. For 32-bit Power BI Desktop, use 32-bit OCMT.

Even if you already have an Oracle Client or ODP.NET installed on your Power BI client, it's highly recommended you use the OCMT installer to properly complete all the configuration steps Power BI requires to work with Oracle database.

Connect to an on-premises Oracle database from Power Query Desktop

To make the connection, take the following steps:

  1. Select the Oracle database option in the connector selection.

  2. Specify the Oracle net service name/TNS alias or Easy Connect (Plus) connection string to connect to in Server. Easy Connect is the simplest to use by setting the Server value to your Oracle Database server Hostname/ServiceName, where ServiceName is the global database name. The following screenshot uses a net service name.

    Enter Oracle database connection.

  3. If you're connecting from Power BI Desktop, select either the Import or DirectQuery data connectivity mode. The rest of these example steps use the Import data connectivity mode. To learn more about DirectQuery, go to Use DirectQuery in Power BI Desktop.

  4. If you're connecting to this Oracle database for the first time, select the authentication type you want to use, and then enter your credentials. The authentication types available are:

    • Windows (Windows authentication)
    • Database (Username and password)
    • Microsoft account (Microsoft Entra ID)

    For more information about authentication, go to Authentication with a data source.

    Enter your Oracle database credentials.

  5. In Navigator, select the data you require, then either select Load to load the data or Transform Data to transform the data.

Connect to an on-premises Oracle database from Power Query Online

To make the connection, take the following steps:

  1. Install and setup an on-premises data gateway.

  2. From Power Query Online, select the Oracle database option in the data sources selection.

  3. In the Oracle database dialog that appears, specify the Oracle net service name/TNS alias, Easy Connect Plus connection string, or connect descriptor to connect to in Server.

    Enter Oracle database online connection.

  4. Provide a Connection name, such as "testoracleserver".

  5. Select the name of your on-premises data gateway.

    Note

    You must select an on-premises data gateway for this connector, whether the Oracle database is on your local network or on a web site.

  6. If you're connecting to this Oracle database for the first time, select the type of credentials for the connection in Authentication kind. Choose Basic if you plan to sign in with an Oracle username and password. Choose Windows when using Windows operating system authentication and with both the Oracle client and server running on Windows.

  7. Enter your credentials.

  8. Select Next to continue.

  9. In Navigator, select the data you require, then select Transform data to transform the data in Power Query Editor.

Connect to an Oracle Autonomous Database

Note

Currently, you can connect to an Oracle Autonomous Database from Excel, Power BI Desktop, Power BI service, Fabric (Dataflow Gen2), Power Apps, SQL Server Analysis Services, and BizTalk Server using the procedures in this section. These tools use unmanaged ODP.NET to connect. Other Microsoft tools, including SQL Server Data Tools, SQL Server Integration Services, and SQL Server Reporting Services, use managed ODP.NET to connect to Oracle Autonomous Database using largely similar procedures.

To connect Power BI to an Oracle Autonomous Database, you need the following accounts and apps:

Download your client credentials

The first step in setting up a connection to the Oracle Autonomous database is to download your client credentials.

To download your client credentials:

  1. In your Oracle Autonomous database details page, select DB Connection.

    DB Connection.

  2. From the Database Connection page, select Download Wallet.

    Download wallet.

  3. Enter a password you would like to use with this wallet, confirm the password, then select Download.

    Wallet password.

Configure Oracle ADB credentials

  1. On your Windows machine, go to the folder where you downloaded your Oracle ADB credentials from Download your client credentials.

  2. Unzip the credentials into the directory you specified in OCMT as the Oracle Configuration File Directory. In this example, the credentials are extracted to c:\data\wallet\wallet_contosomart.

    Image with the wallet files unzipped in the wallet folder.

    Note

    The tnsnames.ora file defines your Oracle Autonomous Database address and connection information.

  3. Open sqlnet.ora in an editor, such as Notepad.

  4. Under WALLET_LOCATION, change the path to your wallet folder under the Directory option. In this example:

    WALLET_LOCATION = (SOURCE = (METHOD = file) (METHOD_DATA = (DIRECTORY=c:\data\wallet\Wallet_ContosoMart)))

  5. Save and close the sqlnet.ora file.

Open the tnsnames.ora file in the wallets folder. The file contains a list of ADB net service names that you can connect to. In this example, the names are contosomart_high, contosomart_low, and contosomart_medium. Your ADB net service names are different.

Image with three example TNS names, contosomart_high, contosomart_low, and contosomart_medium.

Connect Power BI Desktop to Oracle ADB

  1. Open Power BI Desktop.

  2. Select Get Data.

  3. From Get Data, select Database > Oracle database.

  4. Enter the net service name of the Oracle Autonomous Database server you want to connect to. In this example, the Server is contosomart_high. Then select OK.

    Image of the Oracle database dialog box with contosomart_high as the server name and import mode selected.

  5. If you're signing in to this server from Power BI Desktop for the first time, you're asked to enter your credentials. Select Database, then enter the user name and password for the Oracle database. The credentials you enter here are the user name and password for the specific Oracle Autonomous Database you want to connect to. In this example, the database's initial administrator user name and password are used. Then select Connect.

    Image of the credentials dialog box, with Database selected, and the default database user name and password entered.

    Note

    You can use Microsoft Entra ID authentication to sign-on to Oracle Autonomous Database via the Microsoft account option.

At this point, the Navigator appears and displays the connection data.

Image with the navigator open and the contosomart_high database shown with all of its

You might also come across one of several errors because the configuration hasn't been properly set up. These errors are discussed in Troubleshooting.

One error that might occur in this initial test takes place in Navigator, where the database appears to be connected, but contains no data. Instead, an Oracle: ORA-28759: failure to open file error appears in place of the data.

Image of Navigator with the database name at the top, but an error appears instead of the data.

If this error occurs, be sure that the wallet folder path you supplied in sqlnet.ora is the full and correct path to the wallet folder.

Configure the gateway

  1. Install and setup an on-premises data gateway.

  2. In Power BI service, select the gear icon in the upper right-hand side, then select Manage gateways.

    Image of the Power BI service open, the gear icon selected, and the Manage gateways menu with Manage gateways emphasized.

  3. In Add Data Source, select Add data sources to use the gateway.

    Image of the Add data source window in Power BI service, with Add data source to use the gateway emphasized.

  4. In Data Source Name, enter the name you want to use as the data source setting.

  5. In Data Source Type, select Oracle.

  6. In Server, enter the net service name of the Oracle Autonomous Database server to connect to.

  7. In Authentication Method, select Basic.

  8. Enter the user name and password for the Oracle Autonomous Database. In this example, the default database administrator user name (ADMIN) and password are used.

  9. Select Add.

    Image of the Data Source Settings window, with all of the data source settings filled in.

If everything has been installed and configured correctly, a Connection Successful message appears. You can now connect to the Oracle Autonomous Database using the same steps described in Connect to an on-premises Oracle database from Power Query Online.

Connect using advanced options

Power Query Desktop and Power Query Online provide a set of advanced options that you can add to your query if needed.

The following table lists all of the advanced options you can set in Power Query Desktop and Power Query Online.

Advanced option Description
Command timeout in minutes If your connection lasts longer than 10 minutes (the default timeout), you can enter another value in minutes to keep the connection open longer. This option is only available in Power Query Desktop.
SQL statement For information, go to Import data from a database using native database query.
Include relationship columns If checked, includes columns that might have relationships to other tables. If this box is cleared, these columns don't appear.
Navigate using full hierarchy If checked, the navigator displays the complete hierarchy of tables in the database you're connecting to. If cleared, the navigator displays only the tables whose columns and rows contain data.

Once you've selected the advanced options you require, select OK in Power Query Desktop or Next in Power Query Online to connect to your Oracle database.

Known issues and limitations

Power BI sessions can still be active on your Oracle database for approximately 30 minutes after a semantic model refresh to that Oracle database. Only after approximately 30 minutes do those sessions become inactive/removed on the Oracle database. This behavior is by design.

Troubleshooting

You might come across any of several errors from Oracle when the naming syntax is either incorrect or not configured properly:

  • ORA-12154: TNS: could not resolve the connect identifier specified.
  • ORA-12514: TNS: listener does not currently know of service requested in connect descriptor.
  • ORA-12541: TNS: no listener.
  • ORA-12170: TNS: connect timeout occurred.
  • ORA-12504: TNS: listener was not given the SERVICE_NAME in CONNECT_DATA.

These errors might occur if the Oracle tnsnames.ora database connect descriptor is misconfigured, the net service name provided is misspelled, or the Oracle database listener isn't running or not reachable, such as a firewall blocking the listener or database port. Be sure you're meeting the minimum installation prerequisites. More information: Prerequisites

Visit the Oracle Database Error Help Portal to review common causes and resolutions for the specific Oracle error you encounter. Enter your Oracle error in the portal search bar.

If you downloaded Power BI Desktop from the Microsoft Store, you might be unable to connect to Oracle databases because of an Oracle driver issue. If you come across this issue, the error message returned is: Object reference not set. To address the issue, do the following:

  • Download Power BI Desktop from the Download Center instead of Microsoft Store.

If the Object reference not set error message occurs in Power BI when you connect to an Oracle database using the on-premises data gateway, follow the instructions in Manage your data source - Oracle.

If you're using Power BI Report Server, consult the guidance in the Oracle Connection Type article.

Next steps

Optimize Power Query when expanding table columns