ConcurrentDictionary<TKey,TValue>.AddOrUpdate Method

Reference

Definition

Namespace:: System.Collections.Concurrent

Assembly:: System.Collections.Concurrent.dll

Assembly:: mscorlib.dll

Assembly:: netstandard.dll

Important

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Adds a key/value pair to the ConcurrentDictionary<TKey,TValue> if the key does not already exist, or updates a key/value pair in the ConcurrentDictionary<TKey,TValue> if the key already exists.

Overloads

AddOrUpdate(TKey, Func<TKey,TValue>, Func<TKey,TValue,TValue>)	Uses the specified functions to add a key/value pair to the ConcurrentDictionary<TKey,TValue> if the key does not already exist, or to update a key/value pair in the ConcurrentDictionary<TKey,TValue> if the key already exists.
AddOrUpdate(TKey, TValue, Func<TKey,TValue,TValue>)	Adds a key/value pair to the ConcurrentDictionary<TKey,TValue> if the key does not already exist, or updates a key/value pair in the ConcurrentDictionary<TKey,TValue> by using the specified function if the key already exists.
AddOrUpdate<TArg>(TKey, Func<TKey,TArg,TValue>, Func<TKey,TValue,TArg,TValue>, TArg)	Uses the specified functions and argument to add a key/value pair to the ConcurrentDictionary<TKey,TValue> if the key does not already exist, or to update a key/value pair in the ConcurrentDictionary<TKey,TValue> if the key already exists.

Examples

The following example shows how to call the AddOrUpdate method:

class CD_GetOrAddOrUpdate
{
    // Demonstrates:
    //      ConcurrentDictionary<TKey, TValue>.AddOrUpdate()
    //      ConcurrentDictionary<TKey, TValue>.GetOrAdd()
    //      ConcurrentDictionary<TKey, TValue>[]
    static void Main()
    {
        // Construct a ConcurrentDictionary
        ConcurrentDictionary<int, int> cd = new ConcurrentDictionary<int, int>();

        // Bombard the ConcurrentDictionary with 10000 competing AddOrUpdates
        Parallel.For(0, 10000, i =>
        {
            // Initial call will set cd[1] = 1.
            // Ensuing calls will set cd[1] = cd[1] + 1
            cd.AddOrUpdate(1, 1, (key, oldValue) => oldValue + 1);
        });

        Console.WriteLine("After 10000 AddOrUpdates, cd[1] = {0}, should be 10000", cd[1]);

        // Should return 100, as key 2 is not yet in the dictionary
        int value = cd.GetOrAdd(2, (key) => 100);
        Console.WriteLine("After initial GetOrAdd, cd[2] = {0} (should be 100)", value);

        // Should return 100, as key 2 is already set to that value
        value = cd.GetOrAdd(2, 10000);
        Console.WriteLine("After second GetOrAdd, cd[2] = {0} (should be 100)", value);
    }
}

// Demonstrates:
//      ConcurrentDictionary<TKey, TValue>.AddOrUpdate()
//      ConcurrentDictionary<TKey, TValue>.GetOrAdd()
//      ConcurrentDictionary<TKey, TValue>[]

// Construct a ConcurrentDictionary
let cd = ConcurrentDictionary<int, int>()

// Bombard the ConcurrentDictionary with 10000 competing AddOrUpdates
Parallel.For(
    0,
    10000,
    fun i ->

        // Initial call will set cd[1] = 1.
        // Ensuing calls will set cd[1] = cd[1] + 1
        cd.AddOrUpdate(1, 1, (fun key oldValue -> oldValue + 1)) |> ignore
)
|> ignore

printfn $"After 10000 AddOrUpdates, cd[1] = {cd[1]}, should be 10000"

// Should return 100, as key 2 is not yet in the dictionary
let value = cd.GetOrAdd(2, (fun key -> 100))
printfn $"After initial GetOrAdd, cd[2] = {value} (should be 100)"

// Should return 100, as key 2 is already set to that value2
let value2 = cd.GetOrAdd(2, 10000)
printfn $"After second GetOrAdd, cd[2] = {value2} (should be 100)"

' Imports System.Collections.Concurrent
' Imports System.Threading.Tasks

Class CD_GetOrAddOrUpdate

    ' Demonstrates:
    ' ConcurrentDictionary<TKey, TValue>.AddOrUpdate()
    ' ConcurrentDictionary<TKey, TValue>.GetOrAdd()
    ' ConcurrentDictionary<TKey, TValue>[]
    Shared Sub Main()
        ' Construct a ConcurrentDictionary
        Dim cd As New ConcurrentDictionary(Of Integer, Integer)()

        ' Bombard the ConcurrentDictionary with 10000 competing AddOrUpdates
        Parallel.For(0, 10000,
                       Sub(i)
                           ' Initial call will set cd[1] = 1. 
                           ' Ensuing calls will set cd[1] = cd[1] + 1
                           cd.AddOrUpdate(1, 1, Function(key, oldValue) oldValue + 1)
                       End Sub)

        Console.WriteLine("After 10000 AddOrUpdates, cd[1] = {0}, should be 10000", cd(1))

        ' Should return 100, as key 2 is not yet in the dictionary
        Dim value As Integer = cd.GetOrAdd(2, Function(key) 100)
        Console.WriteLine("After initial GetOrAdd, cd[2] = {0} (should be 100)", value)

        ' Should return 100, as key 2 is already set to that value
        value = cd.GetOrAdd(2, 10000)
        Console.WriteLine("After second GetOrAdd, cd[2] = {0} (should be 100)", value)
    End Sub
End Class

AddOrUpdate(TKey, Func<TKey,TValue>, Func<TKey,TValue,TValue>)

Source:: ConcurrentDictionary.cs

Source:: ConcurrentDictionary.cs

Source:: ConcurrentDictionary.cs

Uses the specified functions to add a key/value pair to the ConcurrentDictionary<TKey,TValue> if the key does not already exist, or to update a key/value pair in the ConcurrentDictionary<TKey,TValue> if the key already exists.

public:
 TValue AddOrUpdate(TKey key, Func<TKey, TValue> ^ addValueFactory, Func<TKey, TValue, TValue> ^ updateValueFactory);

public TValue AddOrUpdate (TKey key, Func<TKey,TValue> addValueFactory, Func<TKey,TValue,TValue> updateValueFactory);

member this.AddOrUpdate : 'Key * Func<'Key, 'Value> * Func<'Key, 'Value, 'Value> -> 'Value

Public Function AddOrUpdate (key As TKey, addValueFactory As Func(Of TKey, TValue), updateValueFactory As Func(Of TKey, TValue, TValue)) As TValue

Parameters

key: TKey

The key to be added or whose value should be updated.

addValueFactory: Func<TKey,TValue>

The function used to generate a value for an absent key.

updateValueFactory: Func<TKey,TValue,TValue>

The function used to generate a new value for an existing key based on the key's existing value.

Returns

TValue

The new value for the key. This will be either be the result of addValueFactory (if the key was absent) or the result of updateValueFactory (if the key was present).

Exceptions

ArgumentNullException

key, addValueFactory, or updateValueFactory is null.

OverflowException

The dictionary contains too many elements.

Remarks

If you call AddOrUpdate simultaneously on different threads, addValueFactory may be called multiple times, but its key/value pair might not be added to the dictionary for every call.

For modifications and write operations to the dictionary, ConcurrentDictionary<TKey,TValue> uses fine-grained locking to ensure thread safety (read operations on the dictionary are performed in a lock-free manner). The addValueFactory and updateValueFactory delegates may be executed multiple times to verify the value was added or updated as expected. However, they are called outside the locks to avoid the problems that can arise from executing unknown code under a lock. Therefore, AddOrUpdate is not atomic with regards to all other operations on the ConcurrentDictionary<TKey,TValue> class.

Applies to

AddOrUpdate(TKey, TValue, Func<TKey,TValue,TValue>)

Source:: ConcurrentDictionary.cs

Source:: ConcurrentDictionary.cs

Source:: ConcurrentDictionary.cs

Adds a key/value pair to the ConcurrentDictionary<TKey,TValue> if the key does not already exist, or updates a key/value pair in the ConcurrentDictionary<TKey,TValue> by using the specified function if the key already exists.

public:
 TValue AddOrUpdate(TKey key, TValue addValue, Func<TKey, TValue, TValue> ^ updateValueFactory);

public TValue AddOrUpdate (TKey key, TValue addValue, Func<TKey,TValue,TValue> updateValueFactory);

member this.AddOrUpdate : 'Key * 'Value * Func<'Key, 'Value, 'Value> -> 'Value

Public Function AddOrUpdate (key As TKey, addValue As TValue, updateValueFactory As Func(Of TKey, TValue, TValue)) As TValue

Parameters

key: TKey

The key to be added or whose value should be updated.

addValue: TValue

The value to be added for an absent key.

updateValueFactory: Func<TKey,TValue,TValue>

The function used to generate a new value for an existing key based on the key's existing value.

Returns

TValue

The new value for the key. This will be either be addValue (if the key was absent) or the result of updateValueFactory (if the key was present).

Exceptions

ArgumentNullException

key or updateValueFactory is null.

OverflowException

The dictionary contains too many elements.

Examples

The following code example shows how to initialize an ConcurrentDictionary<TKey,TValue> and how to use the AddOrUpdate method to add an additional item to the collection, and update the existing items.

using System;
using System.Collections.Concurrent;

class CD_Ctor
{
    // Demonstrates:
    //      ConcurrentDictionary<TKey, TValue> ctor(concurrencyLevel, initialCapacity)
    //      ConcurrentDictionary<TKey, TValue>[TKey]
    static void Main()
    {
        // We know how many items we want to insert into the ConcurrentDictionary.
        // So set the initial capacity to some prime number above that, to ensure that
        // the ConcurrentDictionary does not need to be resized while initializing it.
        int HIGHNUMBER = 64;
        int initialCapacity = 101;

        // The higher the concurrencyLevel, the higher the theoretical number of operations
        // that could be performed concurrently on the ConcurrentDictionary.  However, global
        // operations like resizing the dictionary take longer as the concurrencyLevel rises.
        // For the purposes of this example, we'll compromise at numCores * 2.
        int numProcs = Environment.ProcessorCount;
        int concurrencyLevel = numProcs * 2;

        // Construct the dictionary with the desired concurrencyLevel and initialCapacity
        ConcurrentDictionary<int, int> cd = new ConcurrentDictionary<int, int>(concurrencyLevel, initialCapacity);

        // Initialize the dictionary
        for (int i = 1; i <= HIGHNUMBER; i++) cd[i] = i * i;

        Console.WriteLine("The square of 23 is {0} (should be {1})", cd[23], 23 * 23);

        // Now iterate through, adding one to the end of the list. Existing items should be updated to be divided by their
        // key  and a new item will be added that is the square of its key.
        for (int i = 1; i <= HIGHNUMBER + 1; i++)
          cd.AddOrUpdate(i, i * i, (k,v) => v / i);

        Console.WriteLine("The square root of 529 is {0} (should be {1})", cd[23], 529 / 23);
        Console.WriteLine("The square of 65 is {0} (should be {1})", cd[HIGHNUMBER + 1], ((HIGHNUMBER + 1) * (HIGHNUMBER + 1)));
    }
}

open System
open System.Collections.Concurrent

// Demonstrates:
//      ConcurrentDictionary<TKey, TValue> ctor(concurrencyLevel, initialCapacity)
//      ConcurrentDictionary<TKey, TValue>[TKey]

// We know how many items we want to insert into the ConcurrentDictionary.
// So set the initial capacity to some prime number above that, to ensure that
// the ConcurrentDictionary does not need to be resized while initializing it.
let HIGHNUMBER = 64
let initialCapacity = 101

// The higher the concurrencyLevel, the higher the theoretical number of operations
// that could be performed concurrently on the ConcurrentDictionary.  However, global
// operations like resizing the dictionary take longer as the concurrencyLevel rises.
// For the purposes of this example, we'll compromise at numCores * 2.
let numProcs = Environment.ProcessorCount
let concurrencyLevel = numProcs * 2

// Construct the dictionary with the desired concurrencyLevel and initialCapacity
let cd = ConcurrentDictionary<int, int>(concurrencyLevel, initialCapacity)

// Initialize the dictionary
for i = 1 to HIGHNUMBER do
    cd[i] <- i * i

printfn $"The square of 23 is {cd[23]} (should be {23 * 23})"

// Now iterate through, adding one to the end of the list. Existing items should be updated to be divided by their
// key  and a new item will be added that is the square of its key.
for i = 1 to HIGHNUMBER + 1 do
    cd.AddOrUpdate(i, i * i, (fun k v -> v / i)) |> ignore

printfn $"The square root of 529 is {cd[23]} (should be {529 / 23})"
printfn $"The square of 65 is {cd[HIGHNUMBER + 1]} (should be {(HIGHNUMBER + 1) * (HIGHNUMBER + 1)})"

Imports System.Collections.Concurrent

Class CD_Ctor
    ' Demonstrates: 
    '      ConcurrentDictionary<TKey, TValue> ctor(concurrencyLevel, initialCapacity) 
    '      ConcurrentDictionary<TKey, TValue>[TKey] 
    Public Shared Sub Main()
        ' We know how many items we want to insert into the ConcurrentDictionary. 
        ' So set the initial capacity to some prime number above that, to ensure that 
        ' the ConcurrentDictionary does not need to be resized while initializing it. 
        Dim HIGHNUMBER As Integer = 64
        Dim initialCapacity As Integer = 101

        ' The higher the concurrencyLevel, the higher the theoretical number of operations 
        ' that could be performed concurrently on the ConcurrentDictionary.  However, global 
        ' operations like resizing the dictionary take longer as the concurrencyLevel rises.  
        ' For the purposes of this example, we'll compromise at numCores * 2. 
        Dim numProcs As Integer = Environment.ProcessorCount
        Dim concurrencyLevel As Integer = numProcs * 2

        ' Construct the dictionary with the desired concurrencyLevel and initialCapacity
        Dim cd As New ConcurrentDictionary(Of Integer, Integer)(concurrencyLevel, initialCapacity)

        ' Initialize the dictionary 
        For i As Integer = 1 To HIGHNUMBER
            cd(i) = i * i
        Next

        Console.WriteLine("The square of 23 is {0} (should be {1})", cd(23), 23 * 23)

        ' Now iterate through, adding one to the end of the list. Existing items should be updated to be divided by their 
        ' key  and a new item will be added that is the square of its key.
        For i As Integer = 1 To HIGHNUMBER + 1

            cd.AddOrUpdate(i, i * i, Function(k, v)
                                         Return v / i
                                     End Function)
        Next

        Console.WriteLine("The square root of 529 is {0} (should be {1})", cd(23), 529 / 23)
        Console.WriteLine("The square of 65 is {0} (should be {1})", cd(HIGHNUMBER + 1), ((HIGHNUMBER + 1) * (HIGHNUMBER + 1)))

    End Sub
End Class

For modifications and write operations to the dictionary, ConcurrentDictionary<TKey,TValue> uses fine-grained locking to ensure thread safety. (Read operations on the dictionary are performed in a lock-free manner.) The addValueFactory and updateValueFactory delegates may be executed multiple times to verify the value was added or updated as expected. However, they are called outside the locks to avoid the problems that can arise from executing unknown code under a lock. Therefore, AddOrUpdate is not atomic with regards to all other operations on the ConcurrentDictionary<TKey,TValue> class.

Applies to

AddOrUpdate<TArg>(TKey, Func<TKey,TArg,TValue>, Func<TKey,TValue,TArg,TValue>, TArg)

Source:: ConcurrentDictionary.cs

Source:: ConcurrentDictionary.cs

Source:: ConcurrentDictionary.cs

Uses the specified functions and argument to add a key/value pair to the ConcurrentDictionary<TKey,TValue> if the key does not already exist, or to update a key/value pair in the ConcurrentDictionary<TKey,TValue> if the key already exists.

public:
generic <typename TArg>
 TValue AddOrUpdate(TKey key, Func<TKey, TArg, TValue> ^ addValueFactory, Func<TKey, TValue, TArg, TValue> ^ updateValueFactory, TArg factoryArgument);

public TValue AddOrUpdate<TArg> (TKey key, Func<TKey,TArg,TValue> addValueFactory, Func<TKey,TValue,TArg,TValue> updateValueFactory, TArg factoryArgument);

member this.AddOrUpdate : 'Key * Func<'Key, 'Arg, 'Value> * Func<'Key, 'Value, 'Arg, 'Value> * 'Arg -> 'Value

Public Function AddOrUpdate(Of TArg) (key As TKey, addValueFactory As Func(Of TKey, TArg, TValue), updateValueFactory As Func(Of TKey, TValue, TArg, TValue), factoryArgument As TArg) As TValue

Type Parameters

TArg

The type of an argument to pass into addValueFactory and updateValueFactory.

Parameters

key: TKey

The key to be added or whose value should be updated.

addValueFactory: Func<TKey,TArg,TValue>

The function used to generate a value for an absent key.

updateValueFactory: Func<TKey,TValue,TArg,TValue>

The function used to generate a new value for an existing key based on the key's existing value.

factoryArgument: TArg

An argument to pass into addValueFactory and updateValueFactory.

Returns

TValue

The new value for the key. This will be either be the result of addValueFactory (if the key was absent) or the result of updateValueFactory (if the key was present).

Exceptions

ArgumentNullException

key, addValueFactory, or updateValueFactory is a null reference (Nothing in Visual Basic).

OverflowException

The dictionary contains too many elements.

Remarks

If you call AddOrUpdate simultaneously on different threads, addValueFactory may be called multiple times, but its key/value pair might not be added to the dictionary for every call.

Applies to

Dela via

ConcurrentDictionary<TKey,TValue>.AddOrUpdate Method

Definition

Overloads

Examples

AddOrUpdate(TKey, Func<TKey,TValue>, Func<TKey,TValue,TValue>)

Parameters

Returns

Exceptions

Remarks

See also

Applies to

AddOrUpdate(TKey, TValue, Func<TKey,TValue,TValue>)

Parameters

Returns

Exceptions

Examples

See also

Applies to

AddOrUpdate<TArg>(TKey, Func<TKey,TArg,TValue>, Func<TKey,TValue,TArg,TValue>, TArg)

Type Parameters

Parameters

Returns

Exceptions

Remarks

Applies to

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