SslStream Class
Definition
Important
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Provides a stream used for client-server communication that uses the Secure Socket Layer (SSL) security protocol to authenticate the server and optionally the client.
public ref class SslStream : System::Net::Security::AuthenticatedStream
public class SslStream : System.Net.Security.AuthenticatedStream
type SslStream = class
inherit AuthenticatedStream
Public Class SslStream
Inherits AuthenticatedStream
- Inheritance
- Inheritance
Examples
The following code example demonstrates creating an TcpListener that uses the SslStream class to communicate with clients.
#using <System.dll>
using namespace System;
using namespace System::Collections;
using namespace System::Net;
using namespace System::Net::Sockets;
using namespace System::Net::Security;
using namespace System::Security::Authentication;
using namespace System::Text;
using namespace System::Security::Cryptography::X509Certificates;
using namespace System::IO;
public ref class SslTcpServer sealed
{
private:
static X509Certificate^ serverCertificate = nullptr;
public:
// The certificate parameter specifies the name of the file
// containing the machine certificate.
static void RunServer( String^ certificate )
{
serverCertificate = X509Certificate::CreateFromCertFile( certificate );
// Create a TCP/IP (IPv4) socket and listen for incoming connections.
TcpListener^ listener = gcnew TcpListener( IPAddress::Any,5000 );
listener->Start();
while (true)
{
Console::WriteLine( L"Waiting for a client to connect..." );
// Application blocks while waiting for an incoming connection.
// Type CNTL-C to terminate the server.
TcpClient^ client = listener->AcceptTcpClient();
ProcessClient( client );
}
}
static void ProcessClient( TcpClient^ client )
{
// A client has connected. Create the
// SslStream using the client's network stream.
SslStream^ sslStream = gcnew SslStream( client->GetStream(),false );
// Authenticate the server but don't require the client to authenticate.
try
{
sslStream->AuthenticateAsServer( serverCertificate, false, true );
// false == no client cert required; true == check cert revocation.
// Display the properties and settings for the authenticated stream.
DisplaySecurityLevel( sslStream );
DisplaySecurityServices( sslStream );
DisplayCertificateInformation( sslStream );
DisplayStreamProperties( sslStream );
// Set timeouts for the read and write to 5 seconds.
sslStream->ReadTimeout = 5000;
sslStream->WriteTimeout = 5000;
// Read a message from the client.
Console::WriteLine( L"Waiting for client message..." );
String^ messageData = ReadMessage( sslStream );
Console::WriteLine( L"Received: {0}", messageData );
// Write a message to the client.
array<Byte>^message = Encoding::UTF8->GetBytes( L"Hello from the server.<EOF>" );
Console::WriteLine( L"Sending hello message." );
sslStream->Write( message );
}
catch ( AuthenticationException^ e )
{
Console::WriteLine( L"Exception: {0}", e->Message );
if ( e->InnerException != nullptr )
{
Console::WriteLine( L"Inner exception: {0}", e->InnerException->Message );
}
Console::WriteLine( L"Authentication failed - closing the connection." );
sslStream->Close();
client->Close();
return;
}
finally
{
// The client stream will be closed with the sslStream
// because we specified this behavior when creating
// the sslStream.
sslStream->Close();
client->Close();
}
}
static String^ ReadMessage( SslStream^ sslStream )
{
// Read the message sent by the client.
// The client signals the end of the message using the
// "<EOF>" marker.
array<Byte>^buffer = gcnew array<Byte>(2048);
StringBuilder^ messageData = gcnew StringBuilder;
int bytes = -1;
do
{
// Read the client's test message.
bytes = sslStream->Read( buffer, 0, buffer->Length );
// Use Decoder class to convert from bytes to UTF8
// in case a character spans two buffers.
Decoder^ decoder = Encoding::UTF8->GetDecoder();
array<Char>^chars = gcnew array<Char>(decoder->GetCharCount( buffer, 0, bytes ));
decoder->GetChars( buffer, 0, bytes, chars, 0 );
messageData->Append( chars );
// Check for EOF or an empty message.
if ( messageData->ToString()->IndexOf( L"<EOF>" ) != -1 )
{
break;
}
}
while ( bytes != 0 );
return messageData->ToString();
}
static void DisplaySecurityLevel( SslStream^ stream )
{
Console::WriteLine( L"Cipher: {0} strength {1}", stream->CipherAlgorithm, stream->CipherStrength );
Console::WriteLine( L"Hash: {0} strength {1}", stream->HashAlgorithm, stream->HashStrength );
Console::WriteLine( L"Key exchange: {0} strength {1}", stream->KeyExchangeAlgorithm, stream->KeyExchangeStrength );
Console::WriteLine( L"Protocol: {0}", stream->SslProtocol );
}
static void DisplaySecurityServices( SslStream^ stream )
{
Console::WriteLine( L"Is authenticated: {0} as server? {1}", stream->IsAuthenticated, stream->IsServer );
Console::WriteLine( L"IsSigned: {0}", stream->IsSigned );
Console::WriteLine( L"Is Encrypted: {0}", stream->IsEncrypted );
Console::WriteLine( L"Is mutually authenticated: {0}", stream->IsMutuallyAuthenticated );
}
static void DisplayStreamProperties( SslStream^ stream )
{
Console::WriteLine( L"Can read: {0}, write {1}", stream->CanRead, stream->CanWrite );
Console::WriteLine( L"Can timeout: {0}", stream->CanTimeout );
}
static void DisplayCertificateInformation( SslStream^ stream )
{
Console::WriteLine( L"Certificate revocation list checked: {0}", stream->CheckCertRevocationStatus );
X509Certificate^ localCertificate = stream->LocalCertificate;
if ( stream->LocalCertificate != nullptr )
{
Console::WriteLine( L"Local cert was issued to {0} and is valid from {1} until {2}.",
localCertificate->Subject,
localCertificate->GetEffectiveDateString(),
localCertificate->GetExpirationDateString() );
}
else
{
Console::WriteLine( L"Local certificate is null." );
}
X509Certificate^ remoteCertificate = stream->RemoteCertificate;
if ( stream->RemoteCertificate != nullptr )
{
Console::WriteLine( L"Remote cert was issued to {0} and is valid from {1} until {2}.",
remoteCertificate->Subject,
remoteCertificate->GetEffectiveDateString(),
remoteCertificate->GetExpirationDateString() );
}
else
{
Console::WriteLine( L"Remote certificate is null." );
}
}
private:
static void DisplayUsage()
{
Console::WriteLine( L"To start the server specify:" );
Console::WriteLine( L"serverSync certificateFile.cer" );
Environment::Exit( 1 );
}
public:
int RunServerASync()
{
array<String^>^args = Environment::GetCommandLineArgs();
String^ certificate = nullptr;
if ( args == nullptr || args->Length < 2 )
{
DisplayUsage();
}
certificate = args[ 1 ];
SslTcpServer::RunServer( certificate );
return 0;
}
};
int main(){
SslTcpServer^ sts = gcnew SslTcpServer();
sts->RunServerASync();
}
using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Net.Security;
using System.Security.Authentication;
using System.Text;
using System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates;
using System.IO;
namespace Examples.System.Net
{
public sealed class SslTcpServer
{
static X509Certificate serverCertificate = null;
// The certificate parameter specifies the name of the file
// containing the machine certificate.
public static void RunServer(string certificate)
{
serverCertificate = X509Certificate.CreateFromCertFile(certificate);
// Create a TCP/IP (IPv4) socket and listen for incoming connections.
TcpListener listener = new TcpListener(IPAddress.Any, 5000);
listener.Start();
while (true)
{
Console.WriteLine("Waiting for a client to connect...");
// Application blocks while waiting for an incoming connection.
// Type CNTL-C to terminate the server.
TcpClient client = listener.AcceptTcpClient();
ProcessClient(client);
}
}
static void ProcessClient (TcpClient client)
{
// A client has connected. Create the
// SslStream using the client's network stream.
SslStream sslStream = new SslStream(
client.GetStream(), false);
// Authenticate the server but don't require the client to authenticate.
try
{
sslStream.AuthenticateAsServer(serverCertificate, clientCertificateRequired: false, checkCertificateRevocation: true);
// Display the properties and settings for the authenticated stream.
DisplaySecurityLevel(sslStream);
DisplaySecurityServices(sslStream);
DisplayCertificateInformation(sslStream);
DisplayStreamProperties(sslStream);
// Set timeouts for the read and write to 5 seconds.
sslStream.ReadTimeout = 5000;
sslStream.WriteTimeout = 5000;
// Read a message from the client.
Console.WriteLine("Waiting for client message...");
string messageData = ReadMessage(sslStream);
Console.WriteLine("Received: {0}", messageData);
// Write a message to the client.
byte[] message = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("Hello from the server.<EOF>");
Console.WriteLine("Sending hello message.");
sslStream.Write(message);
}
catch (AuthenticationException e)
{
Console.WriteLine("Exception: {0}", e.Message);
if (e.InnerException != null)
{
Console.WriteLine("Inner exception: {0}", e.InnerException.Message);
}
Console.WriteLine ("Authentication failed - closing the connection.");
sslStream.Close();
client.Close();
return;
}
finally
{
// The client stream will be closed with the sslStream
// because we specified this behavior when creating
// the sslStream.
sslStream.Close();
client.Close();
}
}
static string ReadMessage(SslStream sslStream)
{
// Read the message sent by the client.
// The client signals the end of the message using the
// "<EOF>" marker.
byte [] buffer = new byte[2048];
StringBuilder messageData = new StringBuilder();
int bytes = -1;
do
{
// Read the client's test message.
bytes = sslStream.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
// Use Decoder class to convert from bytes to UTF8
// in case a character spans two buffers.
Decoder decoder = Encoding.UTF8.GetDecoder();
char[] chars = new char[decoder.GetCharCount(buffer,0,bytes)];
decoder.GetChars(buffer, 0, bytes, chars,0);
messageData.Append (chars);
// Check for EOF or an empty message.
if (messageData.ToString().IndexOf("<EOF>") != -1)
{
break;
}
} while (bytes !=0);
return messageData.ToString();
}
static void DisplaySecurityLevel(SslStream stream)
{
Console.WriteLine("Cipher: {0} strength {1}", stream.CipherAlgorithm, stream.CipherStrength);
Console.WriteLine("Hash: {0} strength {1}", stream.HashAlgorithm, stream.HashStrength);
Console.WriteLine("Key exchange: {0} strength {1}", stream.KeyExchangeAlgorithm, stream.KeyExchangeStrength);
Console.WriteLine("Protocol: {0}", stream.SslProtocol);
}
static void DisplaySecurityServices(SslStream stream)
{
Console.WriteLine("Is authenticated: {0} as server? {1}", stream.IsAuthenticated, stream.IsServer);
Console.WriteLine("IsSigned: {0}", stream.IsSigned);
Console.WriteLine("Is Encrypted: {0}", stream.IsEncrypted);
Console.WriteLine("Is mutually authenticated: {0}", stream.IsMutuallyAuthenticated);
}
static void DisplayStreamProperties(SslStream stream)
{
Console.WriteLine("Can read: {0}, write {1}", stream.CanRead, stream.CanWrite);
Console.WriteLine("Can timeout: {0}", stream.CanTimeout);
}
static void DisplayCertificateInformation(SslStream stream)
{
Console.WriteLine("Certificate revocation list checked: {0}", stream.CheckCertRevocationStatus);
X509Certificate localCertificate = stream.LocalCertificate;
if (stream.LocalCertificate != null)
{
Console.WriteLine("Local cert was issued to {0} and is valid from {1} until {2}.",
localCertificate.Subject,
localCertificate.GetEffectiveDateString(),
localCertificate.GetExpirationDateString());
} else
{
Console.WriteLine("Local certificate is null.");
}
// Display the properties of the client's certificate.
X509Certificate remoteCertificate = stream.RemoteCertificate;
if (stream.RemoteCertificate != null)
{
Console.WriteLine("Remote cert was issued to {0} and is valid from {1} until {2}.",
remoteCertificate.Subject,
remoteCertificate.GetEffectiveDateString(),
remoteCertificate.GetExpirationDateString());
} else
{
Console.WriteLine("Remote certificate is null.");
}
}
private static void DisplayUsage()
{
Console.WriteLine("To start the server specify:");
Console.WriteLine("serverSync certificateFile.cer");
Environment.Exit(1);
}
public static int Main(string[] args)
{
string certificate = null;
if (args == null ||args.Length < 1 )
{
DisplayUsage();
}
certificate = args[0];
SslTcpServer.RunServer (certificate);
return 0;
}
}
}
Imports System.Collections
Imports System.Net
Imports System.Net.Sockets
Imports System.Net.Security
Imports System.Security.Authentication
Imports System.Text
Imports System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates
Imports System.IO
Namespace Examples.System.Net
Public NotInheritable Class SslTcpServer
Shared serverCertificate As X509Certificate = Nothing
' The certificate parameter specifies the name of the file
' containing the machine certificate.
Public Shared Sub RunServer(certificate As String)
serverCertificate = X509Certificate.CreateFromCertFile(certificate)
' Create a TCP/IP (IPv4) socket And listen for incoming connections.
Dim listener = New TcpListener(IPAddress.Any, 5000)
listener.Start()
While True
Console.WriteLine("Waiting for a client to connect...")
' Application blocks while waiting for an incoming connection.
' Type CNTL-C to terminate the server.
Dim client As TcpClient = listener.AcceptTcpClient()
ProcessClient(client)
End While
End Sub
Private Shared Sub ProcessClient(client As TcpClient)
' A client has connected. Create the
' SslStream using the client's network stream.
Dim sslStream = New SslStream(client.GetStream(), False)
Try
sslStream.AuthenticateAsServer(serverCertificate, clientCertificateRequired:=False, checkCertificateRevocation:=True)
' Display the properties And settings for the authenticated stream.
DisplaySecurityLevel(sslStream)
DisplaySecurityServices(sslStream)
DisplayCertificateInformation(sslStream)
DisplayStreamProperties(sslStream)
' Set timeouts for the read and write to 5 seconds.
sslStream.ReadTimeout = 5000
sslStream.WriteTimeout = 5000
' Read a message from the client.
Console.WriteLine("Waiting for client message...")
Dim messageData As String = ReadMessage(sslStream)
Console.WriteLine("Received: {0}", messageData)
' Write a message to the client.
Dim message As Byte() = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("Hello from the server.<EOF>")
Console.WriteLine("Sending hello message.")
sslStream.Write(message)
Catch e As AuthenticationException
Console.WriteLine("Exception: {0}", e.Message)
If e.InnerException IsNot Nothing Then
Console.WriteLine("Inner exception: {0}", e.InnerException.Message)
End If
Console.WriteLine("Authentication failed - closing the connection.")
sslStream.Close()
client.Close()
Return
Finally
' The client stream will be closed with the sslStream
' because we specified this behavior when creating
' the sslStream.
sslStream.Close()
client.Close()
End Try
End Sub
Private Shared Function ReadMessage(sslStream As SslStream) As String
' Read the message sent by the client.
' The client signals the end of the message using the
' "<EOF>" marker.
Dim buffer As Byte() = New Byte(2048) {}
Dim messageData As StringBuilder = New StringBuilder()
Dim bytes As Integer = -1
Do
' Read the client's test message.
bytes = sslStream.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length)
' Use decoder class to convert from bytes to UTF8
' in case a character spans two buffers.
Dim decoder As Decoder = Encoding.UTF8.GetDecoder()
Dim chars As Char() = New Char(decoder.GetCharCount(buffer, 0, bytes) - 1) {}
decoder.GetChars(buffer, 0, bytes, chars, 0)
messageData.Append(chars)
' Check for EOF or an empty message.
If messageData.ToString().IndexOf("<EOF>") <> -1 Then
Exit Do
End If
Loop While bytes <> 0
Return messageData.ToString()
End Function
Private Shared Sub DisplaySecurityLevel(stream As SslStream)
Console.WriteLine("Cipher: {0} strength {1}", stream.CipherAlgorithm, stream.CipherStrength)
Console.WriteLine("Hash: {0} strength {1}", stream.HashAlgorithm, stream.HashStrength)
Console.WriteLine("Key exchange: {0} strength {1}", stream.KeyExchangeAlgorithm, stream.KeyExchangeStrength)
Console.WriteLine("Protocol: {0}", stream.SslProtocol)
End Sub
Private Shared Sub DisplaySecurityServices(stream As SslStream)
Console.WriteLine("Is authenticated: {0} as server? {1}", stream.IsAuthenticated, stream.IsServer)
Console.WriteLine("IsSigned: {0}", stream.IsSigned)
Console.WriteLine("Is Encrypted: {0}", stream.IsEncrypted)
Console.WriteLine("Is mutually authenticated: {0}", stream.IsMutuallyAuthenticated)
End Sub
Private Shared Sub DisplayStreamProperties(stream As SslStream)
Console.WriteLine("Can read: {0}, write {1}", stream.CanRead, stream.CanWrite)
Console.WriteLine("Can timeout: {0}", stream.CanTimeout)
End Sub
Private Shared Sub DisplayCertificateInformation(stream As SslStream)
Console.WriteLine("Certificate revocation list checked: {0}", stream.CheckCertRevocationStatus)
Dim localCertificate As X509Certificate = stream.LocalCertificate
If stream.LocalCertificate IsNot Nothing Then
Console.WriteLine("Local cert was issued to {0} and is valid from {1} until {2}.", localCertificate.Subject, localCertificate.GetEffectiveDateString(), localCertificate.GetExpirationDateString())
Else
Console.WriteLine("Local certificate is null.")
End If
' Display the properties of the client's certificate.
Dim remoteCertificate As X509Certificate = stream.RemoteCertificate
If stream.RemoteCertificate IsNot Nothing Then
Console.WriteLine("Remote cert was issued to {0} and is valid from {1} until {2}.", remoteCertificate.Subject, remoteCertificate.GetEffectiveDateString(), remoteCertificate.GetExpirationDateString())
Else
Console.WriteLine("Remote certificate is null.")
End If
End Sub
Private Shared Sub DisplayUsage()
Console.WriteLine("To start the server specify:")
Console.WriteLine("serverSync certificateFile.cer")
Environment.[Exit](1)
End Sub
Public Shared Function Main(ByVal args As String()) As Integer
Dim certificate As String
If args Is Nothing OrElse args.Length < 1 Then
DisplayUsage()
End If
certificate = args(0)
RunServer(certificate)
Return 0
End Function
End Class
End Namespace
The following code example demonstrates creating a TcpClient that uses the SslStream class to communicate with a server.
#using <System.dll>
#using <System.Security.dll>
using namespace System;
using namespace System::Collections;
using namespace System::Globalization;
using namespace System::Net;
using namespace System::Net::Security;
using namespace System::Net::Sockets;
using namespace System::Security::Authentication;
using namespace System::Text;
using namespace System::Security::Cryptography::X509Certificates;
using namespace System::IO;
namespace NlsClientSync
{
public ref class SslTcpClient
{
private:
static Hashtable^ certificateErrors = gcnew Hashtable;
// Load a table of errors that might cause
// the certificate authentication to fail.
static void InitializeCertificateErrors()
{
certificateErrors->Add(0x800B0101,
"The certification has expired.");
certificateErrors->Add(0x800B0104,
"A path length constraint "
"in the certification chain has been violated.");
certificateErrors->Add(0x800B0105,
"A certificate contains an unknown extension "
"that is marked critical.");
certificateErrors->Add(0x800B0107,
"A parent of a given certificate in fact "
"did not issue that child certificate.");
certificateErrors->Add(0x800B0108,
"A certificate is missing or has an empty value "
"for a necessary field.");
certificateErrors->Add(0x800B0109,
"The certificate root is not trusted.");
certificateErrors->Add(0x800B010C,
"The certificate has been revoked.");
certificateErrors->Add(0x800B010F,
"The name in the certificate does not not match "
"the host name requested by the client.");
certificateErrors->Add(0x800B0111,
"The certificate was explicitly marked "
"as untrusted by the user.");
certificateErrors->Add(0x800B0112,
"A certification chain processed correctly, "
"but one of the CA certificates is not trusted.");
certificateErrors->Add(0x800B0113,
"The certificate has an invalid policy.");
certificateErrors->Add(0x800B0114,
"The certificate name is either not "
"in the permitted list or is explicitly excluded.");
certificateErrors->Add(0x80092012,
"The revocation function was unable to check "
"revocation for the certificate.");
certificateErrors->Add(0x80090327,
"An unknown error occurred while "
"processing the certificate.");
certificateErrors->Add(0x80096001,
"A system-level error occurred "
"while verifying trust.");
certificateErrors->Add(0x80096002,
"The certificate for the signer of the message "
"is invalid or not found.");
certificateErrors->Add(0x80096003,
"One of the counter signatures was invalid.");
certificateErrors->Add(0x80096004,
"The signature of the certificate "
"cannot be verified.");
certificateErrors->Add(0x80096005,
"The time stamp signature or certificate "
"could not be verified or is malformed.");
certificateErrors->Add(0x80096010,
"The digital signature of the object "
"was not verified.");
certificateErrors->Add(0x80096019,
"The basic constraint extension of a certificate "
"has not been observed.");
}
static String^ CertificateErrorDescription(UInt32 problem)
{
// Initialize the error message dictionary
// if it is not yet available.
if (certificateErrors->Count == 0)
{
InitializeCertificateErrors();
}
String^ description = safe_cast<String^>(
certificateErrors[problem]);
if (description == nullptr)
{
description = String::Format(
CultureInfo::CurrentCulture,
"Unknown certificate error - 0x{0:x8}",
problem);
}
return description;
}
public:
// The following method is invoked
// by the CertificateValidationDelegate.
static bool ValidateServerCertificate(
Object^ sender,
X509Certificate^ certificate,
X509Chain^ chain,
SslPolicyErrors sslPolicyErrors)
{
Console::WriteLine("Validating the server certificate.");
if (sslPolicyErrors == SslPolicyErrors::None)
return true;
Console::WriteLine("Certificate error: {0}", sslPolicyErrors);
// Do not allow this client to communicate with unauthenticated servers.
return false;
}
static void RunClient(String^ machineName, String^ serverName)
{
// Create a TCP/IP client socket.
// machineName is the host running the server application.
TcpClient^ client = gcnew TcpClient(machineName, 5000);
Console::WriteLine("Client connected.");
// Create an SSL stream that will close
// the client's stream.
SslStream^ sslStream = gcnew SslStream(
client->GetStream(), false,
gcnew RemoteCertificateValidationCallback(ValidateServerCertificate),
nullptr);
// The server name must match the name
// on the server certificate.
try
{
sslStream->AuthenticateAsClient(serverName);
}
catch (AuthenticationException^ ex)
{
Console::WriteLine("Exception: {0}", ex->Message);
if (ex->InnerException != nullptr)
{
Console::WriteLine("Inner exception: {0}",
ex->InnerException->Message);
}
Console::WriteLine("Authentication failed - "
"closing the connection.");
sslStream->Close();
client->Close();
return;
}
// Encode a test message into a byte array.
// Signal the end of the message using the "<EOF>".
array<Byte>^ messsage = Encoding::UTF8->GetBytes(
"Hello from the client.<EOF>");
// Send hello message to the server.
sslStream->Write(messsage);
sslStream->Flush();
// Read message from the server.
String^ serverMessage = ReadMessage(sslStream);
Console::WriteLine("Server says: {0}", serverMessage);
// Close the client connection.
sslStream->Close();
client->Close();
Console::WriteLine("Client closed.");
}
private:
static String^ ReadMessage(SslStream^ sslStream)
{
// Read the message sent by the server.
// The end of the message is signaled using the
// "<EOF>" marker.
array<Byte>^ buffer = gcnew array<Byte>(2048);
StringBuilder^ messageData = gcnew StringBuilder;
// Use Decoder class to convert from bytes to UTF8
// in case a character spans two buffers.
Encoding^ u8 = Encoding::UTF8;
Decoder^ decoder = u8->GetDecoder();
int bytes = -1;
do
{
bytes = sslStream->Read(buffer, 0, buffer->Length);
array<__wchar_t>^ chars = gcnew array<__wchar_t>(
decoder->GetCharCount(buffer, 0, bytes));
decoder->GetChars(buffer, 0, bytes, chars, 0);
messageData->Append(chars);
// Check for EOF.
if (messageData->ToString()->IndexOf("<EOF>") != -1)
{
break;
}
}
while (bytes != 0);
return messageData->ToString();
}
};
}
int main()
{
array<String^>^ args = Environment::GetCommandLineArgs();
String^ serverCertificateName = nullptr;
String^ machineName = nullptr;
if (args == nullptr || args->Length < 2)
{
Console::WriteLine("To start the client specify:");
Console::WriteLine("clientSync machineName [serverName]");
return 1;
}
// User can specify the machine name and server name.
// Server name must match the name on
// the server's certificate.
machineName = args[1];
if (args->Length < 3)
{
serverCertificateName = machineName;
}
else
{
serverCertificateName = args[2];
};
NlsClientSync::SslTcpClient::RunClient(machineName,
serverCertificateName);
return 0;
}
using System;
using System.Collections;
using System.Net;
using System.Net.Security;
using System.Net.Sockets;
using System.Security.Authentication;
using System.Text;
using System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates;
using System.IO;
namespace Examples.System.Net
{
public class SslTcpClient
{
private static Hashtable certificateErrors = new Hashtable();
// The following method is invoked by the RemoteCertificateValidationDelegate.
public static bool ValidateServerCertificate(
object sender,
X509Certificate certificate,
X509Chain chain,
SslPolicyErrors sslPolicyErrors)
{
if (sslPolicyErrors == SslPolicyErrors.None)
return true;
Console.WriteLine("Certificate error: {0}", sslPolicyErrors);
// Do not allow this client to communicate with unauthenticated servers.
return false;
}
public static void RunClient(string machineName, string serverName)
{
// Create a TCP/IP client socket.
// machineName is the host running the server application.
TcpClient client = new TcpClient(machineName,5000);
Console.WriteLine("Client connected.");
// Create an SSL stream that will close the client's stream.
SslStream sslStream = new SslStream(
client.GetStream(),
false,
new RemoteCertificateValidationCallback (ValidateServerCertificate),
null
);
// The server name must match the name on the server certificate.
try
{
sslStream.AuthenticateAsClient(serverName);
}
catch (AuthenticationException e)
{
Console.WriteLine("Exception: {0}", e.Message);
if (e.InnerException != null)
{
Console.WriteLine("Inner exception: {0}", e.InnerException.Message);
}
Console.WriteLine ("Authentication failed - closing the connection.");
client.Close();
return;
}
// Encode a test message into a byte array.
// Signal the end of the message using the "<EOF>".
byte[] messsage = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("Hello from the client.<EOF>");
// Send hello message to the server.
sslStream.Write(messsage);
sslStream.Flush();
// Read message from the server.
string serverMessage = ReadMessage(sslStream);
Console.WriteLine("Server says: {0}", serverMessage);
// Close the client connection.
client.Close();
Console.WriteLine("Client closed.");
}
static string ReadMessage(SslStream sslStream)
{
// Read the message sent by the server.
// The end of the message is signaled using the
// "<EOF>" marker.
byte [] buffer = new byte[2048];
StringBuilder messageData = new StringBuilder();
int bytes = -1;
do
{
bytes = sslStream.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length);
// Use Decoder class to convert from bytes to UTF8
// in case a character spans two buffers.
Decoder decoder = Encoding.UTF8.GetDecoder();
char[] chars = new char[decoder.GetCharCount(buffer,0,bytes)];
decoder.GetChars(buffer, 0, bytes, chars,0);
messageData.Append (chars);
// Check for EOF.
if (messageData.ToString().IndexOf("<EOF>") != -1)
{
break;
}
} while (bytes != 0);
return messageData.ToString();
}
private static void DisplayUsage()
{
Console.WriteLine("To start the client specify:");
Console.WriteLine("clientSync machineName [serverName]");
Environment.Exit(1);
}
public static int Main(string[] args)
{
string serverCertificateName = null;
string machineName = null;
if (args == null ||args.Length <1 )
{
DisplayUsage();
}
// User can specify the machine name and server name.
// Server name must match the name on the server's certificate.
machineName = args[0];
if (args.Length <2 )
{
serverCertificateName = machineName;
}
else
{
serverCertificateName = args[1];
}
SslTcpClient.RunClient (machineName, serverCertificateName);
return 0;
}
}
}
Imports System.Collections
Imports System.Net
Imports System.Net.Security
Imports System.Net.Sockets
Imports System.Security.Authentication
Imports System.Text
Imports System.Security.Cryptography.X509Certificates
Imports System.IO
Namespace Examples.System.Net
Public Class SslTcpClient
' The following method is invoked by the RemoteCertificateValidationDelegate.
Public Shared Function ValidateServerCertificate(
sender As Object,
certificate As X509Certificate,
chain As X509Chain,
sslPolicyErrors As SslPolicyErrors) As Boolean
If sslPolicyErrors = SslPolicyErrors.None Then Return True
Console.WriteLine("Certificate error: {0}", sslPolicyErrors)
' Do not allow this client to communicate with unauthenticated servers.
Return False
End Function
Public Shared Sub RunClient(machineName As String, serverName As String)
' Create a TCP/IP client socket.
' machineName is the host running the server application.
Dim client = New TcpClient(machineName, 5000)
Console.WriteLine("Client connected.")
' Create an SSL stream that will close the client's stream.
Dim sslStream = New SslStream(
client.GetStream(), False,
New RemoteCertificateValidationCallback(AddressOf ValidateServerCertificate), Nothing)
' The server name must match the name on the server certificate.
Try
sslStream.AuthenticateAsClient(serverName)
Catch e As AuthenticationException
Console.WriteLine("Exception: {0}", e.Message)
If e.InnerException IsNot Nothing Then
Console.WriteLine("Inner exception: {0}", e.InnerException.Message)
End If
Console.WriteLine("Authentication failed - closing the connection.")
client.Close()
Return
End Try
' Encode a test message into a byte array.
' Signal the end of the message using the "<EOF>".
Dim messsage As Byte() = Encoding.UTF8.GetBytes("Hello from the client.<EOF>")
' Send hello message to the server.
sslStream.Write(messsage)
sslStream.Flush()
' Read message from the server.
Dim serverMessage = ReadMessage(sslStream)
Console.WriteLine("Server says: {0}", serverMessage)
' Close the client connection
client.Close()
Console.WriteLine("Client closed.")
End Sub
Private Shared Function ReadMessage(sslStream As SslStream) As String
' Read the message sent by the server.
' The end of the message is signaled using the "<EOF>" marker.
Dim buffer = New Byte(2048) {}
Dim messageData = New StringBuilder()
Dim bytes As Integer
Do
bytes = sslStream.Read(buffer, 0, buffer.Length)
' Use Decoder class to convert from bytes to UTF8
' in case a character spans two buffers.
Dim decoder As Decoder = Encoding.UTF8.GetDecoder()
Dim chars = New Char(decoder.GetCharCount(buffer, 0, bytes) - 1) {}
decoder.GetChars(buffer, 0, bytes, chars, 0)
messageData.Append(chars)
' Check for EOF.
If messageData.ToString().IndexOf("<EOF>") <> -1 Then Exit Do
Loop While bytes <> 0
Return messageData.ToString()
End Function
Private Shared Sub DisplayUsage()
Console.WriteLine("To start the client specify:")
Console.WriteLine("clientSync machineName [serverName]")
Environment.[Exit](1)
End Sub
Public Shared Function Main(args As String()) As Integer
Dim serverCertificateName As String
Dim machineName As String
If args Is Nothing OrElse args.Length < 1 Then
DisplayUsage()
End If
' User can specify the machine name and server name.
' Server name must match the name on the server's certificate.
machineName = args(0)
If args.Length < 2 Then
serverCertificateName = machineName
Else
serverCertificateName = args(1)
End If
SslTcpClient.RunClient(machineName, serverCertificateName)
Return 0
End Function
End Class
End Namespace
Remarks
SSL protocols help to provide confidentiality and integrity checking for messages transmitted using an SslStream. An SSL connection, such as that provided by SslStream, should be used when communicating sensitive information between a client and a server. Using an SslStream helps to prevent anyone from reading and tampering with information while it is in transit on the network.
An SslStream instance transmits data using a stream that you supply when creating the SslStream. When you supply this underlying stream, you have the option to specify whether closing the SslStream also closes the underlying stream. Typically, the SslStream class is used with the TcpClient and TcpListener classes. The GetStream method provides a NetworkStream suitable for use with the SslStream class.
After creating an SslStream, the server and optionally, the client must be authenticated. The server must provide an X509 certificate that establishes proof of its identity and can request that the client also do so. Authentication must be performed before transmitting information using an SslStream. Clients initiate authentication using the synchronous AuthenticateAsClient methods, which block until the authentication completes, or the asynchronous BeginAuthenticateAsClient methods, which do not block waiting for the authentication to complete. Servers initiate authentication using the synchronous AuthenticateAsServer or asynchronous BeginAuthenticateAsServer methods. Both client and server must initiate the authentication.
The authentication is handled by the Security Support Provider (SSPI) channel provider. The client is given an opportunity to control validation of the server's certificate by specifying a RemoteCertificateValidationCallback delegate when creating an SslStream. The server can also control validation by supplying a RemoteCertificateValidationCallback delegate. The method referenced by the delegate includes the remote party's certificate and any errors SSPI encountered while validating the certificate. Note that if the server specifies a delegate, the delegate's method is invoked regardless of whether the server requested client authentication. If the server did not request client authentication, the server's delegate method receives a null certificate and an empty array of certificate errors.
If the server requires client authentication, the client must specify one or more certificates for authentication. If the client has more than one certificate, the client can provide a LocalCertificateSelectionCallback delegate to select the correct certificate for the server. The client's certificates must be located in the current user's "My" certificate store. Client authentication via certificates is not supported for the Ssl2 (SSL version 2) protocol.
If the authentication fails, you receive a AuthenticationException, and the SslStream is no longer useable. You should close this object and remove all references to it so that it can be collected by the garbage collector.
When the authentication process, also known as the SSL handshake, succeeds, the identity of the server (and optionally, the client) is established and the SslStream can be used by the client and server to exchange messages. Before sending or receiving information, the client and server should check the security services and levels provided by the SslStream to determine whether the protocol, algorithms, and strengths selected meet their requirements for integrity and confidentiality. If the current settings are not sufficient, the stream should be closed. You can check the security services provided by the SslStream using the IsEncrypted and IsSigned properties. The following table shows the elements that report the cryptographic settings used for authentication, encryption and data signing.
Element | Members |
---|---|
The security protocol used to authenticate the server and, optionally, the client. | The SslProtocol property and the associated SslProtocols enumeration. |
The key exchange algorithm. | The KeyExchangeAlgorithm property and the associated ExchangeAlgorithmType enumeration. |
The message integrity algorithm. | The HashAlgorithm property and the associated HashAlgorithmType enumeration. |
The message confidentiality algorithm. | The CipherAlgorithm property and the associated CipherAlgorithmType enumeration. |
The strengths of the selected algorithms. | The KeyExchangeStrength, HashStrength, and CipherStrength properties. |
After a successful authentication, you can send data using the synchronous Write or asynchronous BeginWrite methods. You can receive data using the synchronous Read or asynchronous BeginRead methods.
If you specified to the SslStream that the underlying stream should be left open, you are responsible for closing that stream when you are done using it.
Note
If the application that creates the SslStream object runs with the credentials of a Normal user, the application will not be able to access certificates installed in the local machine store unless permission has been explicitly given to the user to do so.
SslStream assumes that a timeout along with any other IOException when one is thrown from the inner stream will be treated as fatal by its caller. Reusing a SslStream instance after a timeout will return garbage. An application should Close the SslStream and throw an exception in these cases.
The .NET Framework 4.6 includes a new security feature that blocks insecure cipher and hashing algorithms for connections. Applications using TLS/SSL through APIs such as HttpClient, HttpWebRequest, FTPClient, SmtpClient, SslStream, etc. and targeting .NET Framework 4.6 get the more-secure behavior by default.
Developers may want to opt out of this behavior in order to maintain interoperability with their existing SSL3 services OR TLS w/ RC4 services. This article explains how to modify your code so that the new behavior is disabled.
The .NET Framework 4.7 adds new overloads for the methods that authenticate SslStreams that do not specify a TLS version, but instead use the TLS version defined as the system default in SCHANNEL. Use these methods in your app as a way to be able to later modify the defaults as TLS version best practice changes over time, without the need to rebuild and redeploy your app.
Also see Transport Layer Security (TLS) best practices with the .NET Framework.
Constructors
SslStream(Stream) |
Initializes a new instance of the SslStream class using the specified Stream. |
SslStream(Stream, Boolean) |
Initializes a new instance of the SslStream class using the specified Stream and stream closure behavior. |
SslStream(Stream, Boolean, RemoteCertificateValidationCallback) |
Initializes a new instance of the SslStream class using the specified Stream, stream closure behavior and certificate validation delegate. |
SslStream(Stream, Boolean, RemoteCertificateValidationCallback, LocalCertificateSelectionCallback) |
Initializes a new instance of the SslStream class using the specified Stream, stream closure behavior, certificate validation delegate and certificate selection delegate. |
SslStream(Stream, Boolean, RemoteCertificateValidationCallback, LocalCertificateSelectionCallback, EncryptionPolicy) |
Initializes a new instance of the SslStream class using the specified Stream. |
Properties
CanRead |
Gets a Boolean value that indicates whether the underlying stream is readable. |
CanSeek |
Gets a Boolean value that indicates whether the underlying stream is seekable. |
CanTimeout |
Gets a Boolean value that indicates whether the underlying stream supports time-outs. |
CanWrite |
Gets a Boolean value that indicates whether the underlying stream is writable. |
CheckCertRevocationStatus |
Gets a Boolean value that indicates whether the certificate revocation list is checked during the certificate validation process. |
CipherAlgorithm |
Gets a value that identifies the bulk encryption algorithm used by this SslStream. |
CipherStrength |
Gets a value that identifies the strength of the cipher algorithm used by this SslStream. |
HashAlgorithm |
Gets the algorithm used for generating message authentication codes (MACs). |
HashStrength |
Gets a value that identifies the strength of the hash algorithm used by this instance. |
InnerStream |
Gets the stream used by this AuthenticatedStream for sending and receiving data. (Inherited from AuthenticatedStream) |
IsAuthenticated |
Gets a Boolean value that indicates whether authentication was successful. |
IsEncrypted |
Gets a Boolean value that indicates whether this SslStream uses data encryption. |
IsMutuallyAuthenticated |
Gets a Boolean value that indicates whether both server and client have been authenticated. |
IsServer |
Gets a Boolean value that indicates whether the local side of the connection used by this SslStream was authenticated as the server. |
IsSigned |
Gets a Boolean value that indicates whether the data sent using this stream is signed. |
KeyExchangeAlgorithm |
Gets the key exchange algorithm used by this SslStream. |
KeyExchangeStrength |
Gets a value that identifies the strength of the key exchange algorithm used by this instance. |
LeaveInnerStreamOpen |
Gets whether the stream used by this AuthenticatedStream for sending and receiving data has been left open. (Inherited from AuthenticatedStream) |
Length |
Gets the length of the underlying stream. |
LocalCertificate |
Gets the certificate used to authenticate the local endpoint. |
NegotiatedApplicationProtocol |
The negotiated application protocol in TLS handshake. |
NegotiatedCipherSuite |
Gets the cipher suite which was negotiated for this connection. |
Position |
Gets or sets the current position in the underlying stream. |
ReadTimeout |
Gets or sets the amount of time, expressed in milliseconds, a read operation blocks waiting for data. |
RemoteCertificate |
Gets the certificate used to authenticate the remote endpoint. |
SslProtocol |
Gets a value that indicates the security protocol used to authenticate this connection. |
TargetHostName |
Gets the name of the server the client is trying to connect to. That name is used for server certificate validation. It can be a DNS name or an IP address. |
TransportContext |
Gets the TransportContext used for authentication using extended protection. |
WriteTimeout |
Gets or sets the amount of time a write operation blocks waiting for data. |
Methods
AuthenticateAsClient(SslClientAuthenticationOptions) |
Called by clients to authenticate the server and optionally the client in a client-server connection. |
AuthenticateAsClient(String) |
Called by clients to authenticate the server and optionally the client in a client-server connection. |
AuthenticateAsClient(String, X509CertificateCollection, Boolean) |
Called by clients to authenticate the server and optionally the client in a client-server connection. The authentication process uses the specified certificate collection, and the system default SSL protocol. |
AuthenticateAsClient(String, X509CertificateCollection, SslProtocols, Boolean) |
Called by clients to authenticate the server and optionally the client in a client-server connection. The authentication process uses the specified certificate collection and SSL protocol. |
AuthenticateAsClientAsync(SslClientAuthenticationOptions, CancellationToken) |
Called by clients to authenticate the server and optionally the client in a client-server connection as an asynchronous operation. The authentication process uses information specified in the |
AuthenticateAsClientAsync(String) |
Called by clients to authenticate the server and optionally the client in a client-server connection as an asynchronous operation. |
AuthenticateAsClientAsync(String, X509CertificateCollection, Boolean) |
Called by clients to authenticate the server and optionally the client in a client-server connection as an asynchronous operation. The authentication process uses the specified certificate collection and the system default SSL protocol. |
AuthenticateAsClientAsync(String, X509CertificateCollection, SslProtocols, Boolean) |
Called by clients to authenticate the server and optionally the client in a client-server connection as an asynchronous operation. The authentication process uses the specified certificate collection and SSL protocol. |
AuthenticateAsServer(SslServerAuthenticationOptions) |
Called by servers to authenticate the server and optionally the client in a client-server connection using the specified certificate. |
AuthenticateAsServer(X509Certificate) |
Called by servers to authenticate the server and optionally the client in a client-server connection using the specified certificate. |
AuthenticateAsServer(X509Certificate, Boolean, Boolean) |
Called by servers to authenticate the server and optionally the client in a client-server connection using the specified certificates and requirements, and using the system default security protocol. |
AuthenticateAsServer(X509Certificate, Boolean, SslProtocols, Boolean) |
Called by servers to authenticate the server and optionally the client in a client-server connection using the specified certificates, requirements and security protocol. |
AuthenticateAsServerAsync(ServerOptionsSelectionCallback, Object, CancellationToken) |
Called by servers to authenticate the server and optionally the client in a client-server connection as an asynchronous operation. The authentication process uses information returned by |
AuthenticateAsServerAsync(SslServerAuthenticationOptions, CancellationToken) |
Called by servers to authenticate the server and optionally the client in a client-server connection as an asynchronous operation. The authentication process uses information specified in the |
AuthenticateAsServerAsync(X509Certificate) |
Called by servers to authenticate the server and optionally the client in a client-server connection using the specified certificate as an asynchronous operation. |
AuthenticateAsServerAsync(X509Certificate, Boolean, Boolean) |
Called by servers to authenticate the server and optionally the client in a client-server connection using the specified certificates, requirements and security protocol as an asynchronous operation. |
AuthenticateAsServerAsync(X509Certificate, Boolean, SslProtocols, Boolean) |
Called by servers to authenticate the server and optionally the client in a client-server connection using the specified certificates, requirements and security protocol as an asynchronous operation. |
BeginAuthenticateAsClient(String, AsyncCallback, Object) |
Called by clients to begin an asynchronous operation to authenticate the server and optionally the client. |
BeginAuthenticateAsClient(String, X509CertificateCollection, Boolean, AsyncCallback, Object) |
Called by clients to begin an asynchronous operation to authenticate the server and optionally the client using the specified certificates and the system default security protocol. |
BeginAuthenticateAsClient(String, X509CertificateCollection, SslProtocols, Boolean, AsyncCallback, Object) |
Called by clients to begin an asynchronous operation to authenticate the server and optionally the client using the specified certificates and security protocol. |
BeginAuthenticateAsServer(X509Certificate, AsyncCallback, Object) |
Called by servers to begin an asynchronous operation to authenticate the client and optionally the server in a client-server connection. |
BeginAuthenticateAsServer(X509Certificate, Boolean, Boolean, AsyncCallback, Object) |
Called by servers to begin an asynchronous operation to authenticate the server and optionally the client using the specified certificates and requirements, and the system default security protocol. |
BeginAuthenticateAsServer(X509Certificate, Boolean, SslProtocols, Boolean, AsyncCallback, Object) |
Called by servers to begin an asynchronous operation to authenticate the server and optionally the client using the specified certificates, requirements and security protocol. |
BeginRead(Byte[], Int32, Int32, AsyncCallback, Object) |
Begins an asynchronous read operation that reads data from the stream and stores it in the specified array. |
BeginRead(Byte[], Int32, Int32, AsyncCallback, Object) |
Begins an asynchronous read operation. (Consider using ReadAsync(Byte[], Int32, Int32) instead.) (Inherited from Stream) |
BeginWrite(Byte[], Int32, Int32, AsyncCallback, Object) |
Begins an asynchronous write operation that writes Bytes from the specified buffer to the stream. |
BeginWrite(Byte[], Int32, Int32, AsyncCallback, Object) |
Begins an asynchronous write operation. (Consider using WriteAsync(Byte[], Int32, Int32) instead.) (Inherited from Stream) |
Close() |
Closes the current stream and releases any resources (such as sockets and file handles) associated with the current stream. Instead of calling this method, ensure that the stream is properly disposed. (Inherited from Stream) |
CopyTo(Stream) |
Reads the bytes from the current stream and writes them to another stream. Both streams positions are advanced by the number of bytes copied. (Inherited from Stream) |
CopyTo(Stream, Int32) |
Reads the bytes from the current stream and writes them to another stream, using a specified buffer size. Both streams positions are advanced by the number of bytes copied. (Inherited from Stream) |
CopyToAsync(Stream) |
Asynchronously reads the bytes from the current stream and writes them to another stream. Both streams positions are advanced by the number of bytes copied. (Inherited from Stream) |
CopyToAsync(Stream, CancellationToken) |
Asynchronously reads the bytes from the current stream and writes them to another stream, using a specified cancellation token. Both streams positions are advanced by the number of bytes copied. (Inherited from Stream) |
CopyToAsync(Stream, Int32) |
Asynchronously reads the bytes from the current stream and writes them to another stream, using a specified buffer size. Both streams positions are advanced by the number of bytes copied. (Inherited from Stream) |
CopyToAsync(Stream, Int32, CancellationToken) |
Asynchronously reads the bytes from the current stream and writes them to another stream, using a specified buffer size and cancellation token. Both streams positions are advanced by the number of bytes copied. (Inherited from Stream) |
CreateObjRef(Type) |
Creates an object that contains all the relevant information required to generate a proxy used to communicate with a remote object. (Inherited from MarshalByRefObject) |
CreateWaitHandle() |
Obsolete.
Obsolete.
Obsolete.
Allocates a WaitHandle object. (Inherited from Stream) |
Dispose() |
Releases all resources used by the Stream. (Inherited from Stream) |
Dispose(Boolean) |
Releases the unmanaged resources used by the SslStream and optionally releases the managed resources. |
Dispose(Boolean) |
Releases the unmanaged resources used by the AuthenticatedStream and optionally releases the managed resources. (Inherited from AuthenticatedStream) |
DisposeAsync() |
Asynchronously releases the unmanaged and managed resources used by the SslStream. |
DisposeAsync() |
Asynchronously releases the unmanaged and managed resources used by the AuthenticatedStream. (Inherited from AuthenticatedStream) |
EndAuthenticateAsClient(IAsyncResult) |
Ends a pending asynchronous server authentication operation started with a previous call to BeginAuthenticateAsClient. |
EndAuthenticateAsServer(IAsyncResult) |
Ends a pending asynchronous client authentication operation started with a previous call to BeginAuthenticateAsClient. |
EndRead(IAsyncResult) |
Ends an asynchronous read operation started with a previous call to BeginRead(Byte[], Int32, Int32, AsyncCallback, Object). |
EndRead(IAsyncResult) |
Waits for the pending asynchronous read to complete. (Consider using ReadAsync(Byte[], Int32, Int32) instead.) (Inherited from Stream) |
EndWrite(IAsyncResult) |
Ends an asynchronous write operation started with a previous call to BeginWrite(Byte[], Int32, Int32, AsyncCallback, Object). |
EndWrite(IAsyncResult) |
Ends an asynchronous write operation. (Consider using WriteAsync(Byte[], Int32, Int32) instead.) (Inherited from Stream) |
Equals(Object) |
Determines whether the specified object is equal to the current object. (Inherited from Object) |
Finalize() |
Releases all resources used by the SslStream. |
Flush() |
Causes any buffered data to be written to the underlying device. |
FlushAsync() |
Asynchronously clears all buffers for this stream and causes any buffered data to be written to the underlying device. (Inherited from Stream) |
FlushAsync(CancellationToken) |
Asynchronously writes any buffered data to the underlying device. |
FlushAsync(CancellationToken) |
Asynchronously clears all buffers for this stream, causes any buffered data to be written to the underlying device, and monitors cancellation requests. (Inherited from Stream) |
GetHashCode() |
Serves as the default hash function. (Inherited from Object) |
GetLifetimeService() |
Obsolete.
Retrieves the current lifetime service object that controls the lifetime policy for this instance. (Inherited from MarshalByRefObject) |
GetType() |
Gets the Type of the current instance. (Inherited from Object) |
InitializeLifetimeService() |
Obsolete.
Obtains a lifetime service object to control the lifetime policy for this instance. (Inherited from MarshalByRefObject) |
MemberwiseClone() |
Creates a shallow copy of the current Object. (Inherited from Object) |
MemberwiseClone(Boolean) |
Creates a shallow copy of the current MarshalByRefObject object. (Inherited from MarshalByRefObject) |
NegotiateClientCertificateAsync(CancellationToken) |
Negotiates the client certificate on the authenticated connection. |
ObjectInvariant() |
Obsolete.
Provides support for a Contract. (Inherited from Stream) |
Read(Byte[], Int32, Int32) |
Reads data from this stream and stores it in the specified array. |
Read(Span<Byte>) |
When overridden in a derived class, reads a sequence of bytes from the current stream and advances the position within the stream by the number of bytes read. (Inherited from Stream) |
ReadAsync(Byte[], Int32, Int32) |
Asynchronously reads a sequence of bytes from the current stream and advances the position within the stream by the number of bytes read. (Inherited from Stream) |
ReadAsync(Byte[], Int32, Int32, CancellationToken) |
Asynchronously reads data from this stream and stores it in the specified range of a byte array. |
ReadAsync(Byte[], Int32, Int32, CancellationToken) |
Asynchronously reads a sequence of bytes from the current stream, advances the position within the stream by the number of bytes read, and monitors cancellation requests. (Inherited from Stream) |
ReadAsync(Memory<Byte>, CancellationToken) |
Asynchronously reads data from this stream and stores it in the specified memory range. |
ReadAsync(Memory<Byte>, CancellationToken) |
Asynchronously reads a sequence of bytes from the current stream, advances the position within the stream by the number of bytes read, and monitors cancellation requests. (Inherited from Stream) |
ReadAtLeast(Span<Byte>, Int32, Boolean) |
Reads at least a minimum number of bytes from the current stream and advances the position within the stream by the number of bytes read. (Inherited from Stream) |
ReadAtLeastAsync(Memory<Byte>, Int32, Boolean, CancellationToken) |
Asynchronously reads at least a minimum number of bytes from the current stream, advances the position within the stream by the number of bytes read, and monitors cancellation requests. (Inherited from Stream) |
ReadByte() |
Reads a byte from the SslStream and advances the position within the stream by one byte, or returns -1 if at the end of the stream. |
ReadByte() |
Reads a byte from the stream and advances the position within the stream by one byte, or returns -1 if at the end of the stream. (Inherited from Stream) |
ReadExactly(Byte[], Int32, Int32) |
Reads |
ReadExactly(Span<Byte>) |
Reads bytes from the current stream and advances the position within the stream until the |
ReadExactlyAsync(Byte[], Int32, Int32, CancellationToken) |
Asynchronously reads |
ReadExactlyAsync(Memory<Byte>, CancellationToken) |
Asynchronously reads bytes from the current stream, advances the position within the stream until the |
Seek(Int64, SeekOrigin) |
Throws a NotSupportedException. |
SetLength(Int64) |
Sets the length of the underlying stream. |
ShutdownAsync() |
Shuts down this SslStream. |
ToString() |
Returns a string that represents the current object. (Inherited from Object) |
Write(Byte[]) |
Writes the specified data to this stream. |
Write(Byte[], Int32, Int32) |
Write the specified number of Bytes to the underlying stream using the specified buffer and offset. |
Write(ReadOnlySpan<Byte>) |
When overridden in a derived class, writes a sequence of bytes to the current stream and advances the current position within this stream by the number of bytes written. (Inherited from Stream) |
WriteAsync(Byte[], Int32, Int32) |
Asynchronously writes a sequence of bytes to the current stream and advances the current position within this stream by the number of bytes written. (Inherited from Stream) |
WriteAsync(Byte[], Int32, Int32, CancellationToken) |
Asynchronously writes data to the underlying stream from the specified range of a byte array. |
WriteAsync(Byte[], Int32, Int32, CancellationToken) |
Asynchronously writes a sequence of bytes to the current stream, advances the current position within this stream by the number of bytes written, and monitors cancellation requests. (Inherited from Stream) |
WriteAsync(ReadOnlyMemory<Byte>, CancellationToken) |
Asynchronously writes data to the underlying stream from a read-only byte memory range. |
WriteAsync(ReadOnlyMemory<Byte>, CancellationToken) |
Asynchronously writes a sequence of bytes to the current stream, advances the current position within this stream by the number of bytes written, and monitors cancellation requests. (Inherited from Stream) |
WriteByte(Byte) |
Writes a byte to the current position in the stream and advances the position within the stream by one byte. (Inherited from Stream) |
Extension Methods
CopyToAsync(Stream, PipeWriter, CancellationToken) |
Asynchronously reads the bytes from the Stream and writes them to the specified PipeWriter, using a cancellation token. |
ConfigureAwait(IAsyncDisposable, Boolean) |
Configures how awaits on the tasks returned from an async disposable will be performed. |
Applies to
See also
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