JavaScriptSerializer Class
Definition
Important
Some information relates to prerelease product that may be substantially modified before it’s released. Microsoft makes no warranties, express or implied, with respect to the information provided here.
For .NET Framework 4.7.2 and later versions, use the APIs in the System.Text.Json namespace for serialization and deserialization. For earlier versions of .NET Framework, use Newtonsoft.Json. This type was intended to provide serialization and deserialization functionality for AJAX-enabled applications.
public ref class JavaScriptSerializerpublic class JavaScriptSerializertype JavaScriptSerializer = classPublic Class JavaScriptSerializer- Inheritance
-
JavaScriptSerializer
Examples
The first example provides a simple illustration of how to serialize and deserialize data objects. It requires a class named Person which is shown below.
using System;
using System.Collections.Generic;
using System.Web.UI;
using System.Web.Script.Serialization;
namespace ExampleApplication
{
public partial class _Default : Page
{
protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
var RegisteredUsers = new List<Person>();
RegisteredUsers.Add(new Person() { PersonID = 1, Name = "Bryon Hetrick", Registered = true });
RegisteredUsers.Add(new Person() { PersonID = 2, Name = "Nicole Wilcox", Registered = true });
RegisteredUsers.Add(new Person() { PersonID = 3, Name = "Adrian Martinson", Registered = false });
RegisteredUsers.Add(new Person() { PersonID = 4, Name = "Nora Osborn", Registered = false });
var serializer = new JavaScriptSerializer();
var serializedResult = serializer.Serialize(RegisteredUsers);
// Produces string value of:
// [
// {"PersonID":1,"Name":"Bryon Hetrick","Registered":true},
// {"PersonID":2,"Name":"Nicole Wilcox","Registered":true},
// {"PersonID":3,"Name":"Adrian Martinson","Registered":false},
// {"PersonID":4,"Name":"Nora Osborn","Registered":false}
// ]
var deserializedResult = serializer.Deserialize<List<Person>>(serializedResult);
// Produces List with 4 Person objects
}
}
}
Imports System.Web.Script.Serialization
Public Class _Default
Inherits Page
Protected Sub Page_Load(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As EventArgs) Handles Me.Load
Dim RegisteredUsers As New List(Of Person)()
RegisteredUsers.Add(New Person With {.PersonID = 1, .Name = "Bryon Hetrick", .Registered = True})
RegisteredUsers.Add(New Person With {.PersonID = 2, .Name = "Nicole Wilcox", .Registered = True})
RegisteredUsers.Add(New Person With {.PersonID = 3, .Name = "Adrian Martinson", .Registered = False})
RegisteredUsers.Add(New Person With {.PersonID = 4, .Name = "Nora Osborn", .Registered = False})
Dim serializer As New JavaScriptSerializer()
Dim serializedResult = serializer.Serialize(RegisteredUsers)
' Produces string value of:
' [
' {"PersonID":1,"Name":"Bryon Hetrick","Registered":true},
' {"PersonID":2,"Name":"Nicole Wilcox","Registered":true},
' {"PersonID":3,"Name":"Adrian Martinson","Registered":false},
' {"PersonID":4,"Name":"Nora Osborn","Registered":false}
' ]
Dim deserializedResult = serializer.Deserialize(Of List(Of Person))(serializedResult)
' Produces List with 4 Person objects
End Sub
End Class
namespace ExampleApplication
{
public class Person
{
public int PersonID { get; set; }
public string Name { get; set; }
public bool Registered { get; set; }
}
}
Public Class Person
Public Property PersonID As Integer
Public Property Name As String
Public Property Registered As Boolean
End Class
The next example shows a more complicated and complete project that uses the JavaScriptSerializer class to save and restore the state of an object by using JSON serialization. This code uses a custom converter that is provided for the JavaScriptConverter class.
<%@ Page Language="C#" %>
<%@ Import Namespace="System.Web.Script.Serialization" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<script runat="server">
JavaScriptSerializer serializer;
protected void Page_Load(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
//<Snippet1>
serializer = new JavaScriptSerializer();
// Register the custom converter.
serializer.RegisterConverters(new JavaScriptConverter[] {
new System.Web.Script.Serialization.CS.ListItemCollectionConverter() });
//</Snippet1>
this.SetFocus(TextBox1);
}
protected void saveButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
// Save the current state of the ListBox control.
SavedState.Text = serializer.Serialize(ListBox1.Items);
recoverButton.Enabled = true;
Message.Text = "State saved";
}
protected void recoverButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
//Recover the saved items of the ListBox control.
ListItemCollection recoveredList = serializer.Deserialize<ListItemCollection>(SavedState.Text);
ListItem[] newListItemArray = new ListItem[recoveredList.Count];
recoveredList.CopyTo(newListItemArray, 0);
ListBox1.Items.Clear();
ListBox1.Items.AddRange(newListItemArray);
Message.Text = "Last saved state recovered.";
}
protected void clearButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
// Remove all items from the ListBox control.
ListBox1.Items.Clear();
Message.Text = "All items removed";
}
protected void ContactsGrid_SelectedIndexChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
// Get the currently selected row using the SelectedRow property.
GridViewRow row = ContactsGrid.SelectedRow;
// Get the ID of item selected.
string itemId = ContactsGrid.DataKeys[row.RowIndex].Value.ToString();
ListItem newItem = new ListItem(row.Cells[4].Text, itemId);
// Check if the item already exists in the ListBox control.
if (!ListBox1.Items.Contains(newItem))
{
// Add the item to the ListBox control.
ListBox1.Items.Add(newItem);
Message.Text = "Item added";
}
else
Message.Text = "Item already exists";
}
protected void ContactsGrid_PageIndexChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
//Reset the selected index.
ContactsGrid.SelectedIndex = -1;
}
protected void searchButton_Click(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
//Reset indexes.
ContactsGrid.SelectedIndex = -1;
ContactsGrid.PageIndex = 0;
//Set focus on the TextBox control.
ScriptManager1.SetFocus(TextBox1);
}
protected void CheckBox1_CheckedChanged(object sender, EventArgs e)
{
// Show/hide the saved state string.
SavedState.Visible = CheckBox1.Checked;
StateLabel.Visible = CheckBox1.Checked;
}
</script>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" >
<head runat="server">
<title>Save/Recover state</title>
<style type="text/css">
body { font: 11pt Trebuchet MS;
font-color: #000000;
padding-top: 72px;
text-align: center }
.text { font: 8pt Trebuchet MS }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<form id="form1" runat="server" defaultbutton="searchButton" defaultfocus="TextBox1">
<h3>
<span style="text-decoration: underline">
Contacts Selection</span><br />
</h3>
<asp:ScriptManager runat="server" ID="ScriptManager1" />
<asp:UpdatePanel ID="UpdatePanel1" runat="server">
<ContentTemplate>
Type contact's first name:
<asp:TextBox ID="TextBox1" runat="server" />
<asp:Button ID="searchButton" runat="server" Text="Search" OnClick="searchButton_Click" />
<br />
<br />
<table border="0" width="100%">
<tr>
<td style="width:50%" valign="top" align="center">
<b>Search results:</b><br />
<asp:GridView ID="ContactsGrid" runat="server" AutoGenerateColumns="False"
CellPadding="4" DataKeyNames="ContactID" DataSourceID="SqlDataSource1"
OnSelectedIndexChanged="ContactsGrid_SelectedIndexChanged" ForeColor="#333333" GridLines="None" AllowPaging="True" PageSize="7" OnPageIndexChanged="ContactsGrid_PageIndexChanged">
<Columns>
<asp:CommandField ShowSelectButton="True" ButtonType="Button" />
<asp:BoundField DataField="ContactID" HeaderText="ContactID" SortExpression="ContactID" Visible="False" />
<asp:BoundField DataField="FirstName" HeaderText="FirstName" SortExpression="FirstName" />
<asp:BoundField DataField="LastName" HeaderText="LastName" SortExpression="LastName" />
<asp:BoundField DataField="EmailAddress" HeaderText="EmailAddress" SortExpression="EmailAddress" />
</Columns>
<RowStyle BackColor="#F7F6F3" ForeColor="#333333" />
<HeaderStyle BackColor="#5D7B9D" Font-Bold="True" ForeColor="White" />
<AlternatingRowStyle BackColor="White" ForeColor="#284775" />
<FooterStyle BackColor="#5D7B9D" Font-Bold="True" ForeColor="White" />
<EditRowStyle BackColor="#999999" />
<SelectedRowStyle BackColor="#E2DED6" Font-Bold="True" ForeColor="#333333" />
<PagerStyle BackColor="#284775" ForeColor="White" HorizontalAlign="Center" />
<EmptyDataTemplate>No data found.</EmptyDataTemplate>
</asp:GridView>
<asp:SqlDataSource ID="SqlDataSource1" runat="server" ConnectionString="<%$ ConnectionStrings:AdventureWorksConnectionString %>"
SelectCommand="SELECT ContactID, FirstName, LastName, EmailAddress FROM Person.Contact WHERE (UPPER(FirstName) = UPPER(@FIRSTNAME))" >
<SelectParameters>
<asp:ControlParameter Name="FIRSTNAME" ControlId="TextBox1" Type="String" />
</SelectParameters>
</asp:SqlDataSource>
</td>
<td valign="top">
<b>Contacts list:</b><br />
<asp:ListBox ID="ListBox1" runat="server" Height="200px" Width="214px" /><br />
<asp:Button ID="saveButton" runat="server" Text="Save state" OnClick="saveButton_Click" ToolTip="Save the current state of the list" />
<asp:Button ID="recoverButton" runat="server" Text="Recover saved state" OnClick="recoverButton_Click" Enabled="false" ToolTip="Recover the last saved state" />
<asp:Button ID="clearButton" runat="server" Text="Clear" OnClick="clearButton_Click" ToolTip="Remove all items from the list" /><br />
<br />
<asp:CheckBox ID="CheckBox1" runat="server" Checked="True" OnCheckedChanged="CheckBox1_CheckedChanged"
Text="Show saved state" AutoPostBack="True" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2">
<br />
<br />
<hr />
Message: <asp:Label ID="Message" runat="server" ForeColor="SteelBlue" /> <br />
<asp:Label ID="StateLabel" runat="server" Text="State:"></asp:Label>
<asp:Label ID="SavedState" runat="server"/><br />
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</ContentTemplate>
</asp:UpdatePanel>
<asp:UpdateProgress ID="UpdateProgress1" runat="server">
<ProgressTemplate>
<asp:Image ID="Image1" runat="server" ImageUrl="..\images\spinner.gif" /> Processing...
</ProgressTemplate>
</asp:UpdateProgress>
</form>
</body>
</html>
<%@ Page Language="VB" %>
<%@ Import Namespace="System.Web.Script.Serialization" %>
<!DOCTYPE html PUBLIC "-//W3C//DTD XHTML 1.0 Transitional//EN" "http://www.w3.org/TR/xhtml1/DTD/xhtml1-transitional.dtd">
<script runat="server">
Dim serializer As JavaScriptSerializer
Protected Sub Page_Load(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As EventArgs)
'<Snippet1>
serializer = New JavaScriptSerializer()
' Register the custom converter.
serializer.RegisterConverters(New JavaScriptConverter() _
{New System.Web.Script.Serialization.VB.ListItemCollectionConverter()})
'</Snippet1>
End Sub
Protected Sub saveButton_Click(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As EventArgs)
' Save the current state of the ListBox control.
SavedState.Text = serializer.Serialize(ListBox1.Items)
recoverButton.Enabled = True
Message.Text = "State saved"
End Sub
Protected Sub recoverButton_Click(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As EventArgs)
' Recover the saved items of the ListBox control.
Dim recoveredList As ListItemCollection = _
serializer.Deserialize(Of ListItemCollection)(SavedState.Text)
Dim newListItemArray(recoveredList.Count - 1) As ListItem
recoveredList.CopyTo(newListItemArray, 0)
ListBox1.Items.Clear()
ListBox1.Items.AddRange(newListItemArray)
Message.Text = "Last saved state recovered."
End Sub
Protected Sub clearButton_Click(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As EventArgs)
' Remove all items from the ListBox control.
ListBox1.Items.Clear()
Message.Text = "All items removed"
End Sub
Protected Sub ContactsGrid_SelectedIndexChanged(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As EventArgs)
' Get the currently selected row using the SelectedRow property.
Dim row As GridViewRow = ContactsGrid.SelectedRow
' Get the ID of the item selected.
Dim itemId As String = ContactsGrid.DataKeys(row.RowIndex).Value.ToString()
Dim newItem As ListItem = New ListItem(row.Cells(4).Text, itemId)
' Check if the item already exists in the ListBox control.
If Not ListBox1.Items.Contains(newItem) Then
' Add the item to the ListBox control.
ListBox1.Items.Add(newItem)
Message.Text = "Item added"
Else
Message.Text = "Item already exists"
End If
End Sub
Private Function SearchItem(ByVal itemId As String) As Boolean
Dim i As Integer
For i = 0 To ListBox1.Items.Count - 1
If ListBox1.Items(i).Value = itemId Then
Return True
End If
Next i
Return False
End Function
Protected Sub ContactsGrid_PageIndexChanged(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As EventArgs)
ContactsGrid.SelectedIndex = -1
End Sub
Protected Sub searchButton_Click(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As EventArgs)
ContactsGrid.SelectedIndex = -1
ContactsGrid.PageIndex = 0
ScriptManager1.SetFocus(TextBox1)
End Sub
Protected Sub CheckBox1_CheckedChanged(ByVal sender As Object, ByVal e As EventArgs)
SavedState.Visible = CheckBox1.Checked
StateLabel.Visible = CheckBox1.Checked
End Sub
</script>
<html xmlns="http://www.w3.org/1999/xhtml" >
<head runat="server">
<title>Save/Recover state</title>
<style type="text/css">
body { font: 11pt Trebuchet MS;
font-color: #000000;
padding-top: 72px;
text-align: center }
.text { font: 8pt Trebuchet MS }
</style>
</head>
<body>
<form id="form1" runat="server" defaultbutton="searchButton" defaultfocus="TextBox1">
<h3>
<span style="text-decoration: underline">
Contacts Selection</span><br />
</h3>
<asp:ScriptManager runat="server" ID="ScriptManager1" />
<asp:UpdatePanel ID="UpdatePanel1" runat="server">
<ContentTemplate>
Type contact's first name:
<asp:TextBox ID="TextBox1" runat="server" />
<asp:Button ID="searchButton" runat="server" Text="Search" OnClick="searchButton_Click" />
<br />
<br />
<table border="0" width="100%">
<tr>
<td style="width:50%" valign="top" align="center">
<b>Search results:</b><br />
<asp:GridView ID="ContactsGrid" runat="server" AutoGenerateColumns="False"
CellPadding="4" DataKeyNames="ContactID" DataSourceID="SqlDataSource1"
OnSelectedIndexChanged="ContactsGrid_SelectedIndexChanged" ForeColor="#333333" GridLines="None" AllowPaging="True" PageSize="7" OnPageIndexChanged="ContactsGrid_PageIndexChanged">
<Columns>
<asp:CommandField ShowSelectButton="True" ButtonType="Button" />
<asp:BoundField DataField="ContactID" HeaderText="ContactID" SortExpression="ContactID" Visible="False" />
<asp:BoundField DataField="FirstName" HeaderText="FirstName" SortExpression="FirstName" />
<asp:BoundField DataField="LastName" HeaderText="LastName" SortExpression="LastName" />
<asp:BoundField DataField="EmailAddress" HeaderText="EmailAddress" SortExpression="EmailAddress" />
</Columns>
<RowStyle BackColor="#F7F6F3" ForeColor="#333333" />
<HeaderStyle BackColor="#5D7B9D" Font-Bold="True" ForeColor="White" />
<AlternatingRowStyle BackColor="White" ForeColor="#284775" />
<FooterStyle BackColor="#5D7B9D" Font-Bold="True" ForeColor="White" />
<EditRowStyle BackColor="#999999" />
<SelectedRowStyle BackColor="#E2DED6" Font-Bold="True" ForeColor="#333333" />
<PagerStyle BackColor="#284775" ForeColor="White" HorizontalAlign="Center" />
<EmptyDataTemplate>No data found.</EmptyDataTemplate>
</asp:GridView>
<asp:SqlDataSource ID="SqlDataSource1" runat="server" ConnectionString="<%$ ConnectionStrings:AdventureWorksConnectionString %>"
SelectCommand="SELECT ContactID, FirstName, LastName, EmailAddress FROM Person.Contact WHERE (UPPER(FirstName) = UPPER(@FIRSTNAME))" >
<SelectParameters>
<asp:ControlParameter Name="FIRSTNAME" ControlId="TextBox1" Type="String" />
</SelectParameters>
</asp:SqlDataSource>
</td>
<td valign="top">
<b>Contacts list:</b><br />
<asp:ListBox ID="ListBox1" runat="server" Height="200px" Width="214px" /><br />
<asp:Button ID="saveButton" runat="server" Text="Save state" OnClick="saveButton_Click" ToolTip="Save the current state of the list" />
<asp:Button ID="recoverButton" runat="server" Text="Recover saved state" OnClick="recoverButton_Click" Enabled="false" ToolTip="Recover the last saved state" />
<asp:Button ID="clearButton" runat="server" Text="Clear" OnClick="clearButton_Click" ToolTip="Remove all items from the list" /><br />
<br />
<asp:CheckBox ID="CheckBox1" runat="server" Checked="True" OnCheckedChanged="CheckBox1_CheckedChanged"
Text="Show saved state" AutoPostBack="True" /></td>
</tr>
<tr>
<td colspan="2">
<br />
<br />
<hr />
Message: <asp:Label ID="Message" runat="server" ForeColor="SteelBlue" /> <br />
<asp:Label ID="StateLabel" runat="server" Text="State:"></asp:Label>
<asp:Label ID="SavedState" runat="server"/><br />
</td>
</tr>
</table>
</ContentTemplate>
</asp:UpdatePanel>
<asp:UpdateProgress ID="UpdateProgress1" runat="server">
<ProgressTemplate>
<asp:Image ID="Image1" runat="server" ImageUrl="..\images\spinner.gif" /> Processing...
</ProgressTemplate>
</asp:UpdateProgress>
</form>
</body>
</html>
Remarks
Important
For .NET Framework 4.7.2 and later versions, the APIs in the System.Text.Json namespace should be used for serialization and deserialization. For earlier versions of .NET Framework, use Newtonsoft.Json.
The JavaScriptSerializer class is used internally by the asynchronous communication layer to serialize and deserialize the data that is passed between the browser and the Web server. You cannot access that instance of the serializer. However, this class exposes a public API. Therefore, you can use the class when you want to work with JavaScript Object Notation (JSON) in managed code.
To serialize an object, use the Serialize method. To deserialize a JSON string, use the Deserialize or DeserializeObject methods. To serialize and deserialize types that are not natively supported by JavaScriptSerializer, implement custom converters by using the JavaScriptConverter class. Then register the converters by using the RegisterConverters method.
Mapping Between Managed Types and JSON
The following table shows the mapping between managed types and JSON for the serialization process. These managed types are natively supported by JavaScriptSerializer. When you are deserializing from a JSON string to a managed type, the same mapping applies. However, deserialization can be asymmetric; not all serializable managed types can be deserialized from JSON.
Note
A multidimensional array is serialized as a one-dimensional array, and you should use it as a flat array.
| Managed type | JSON equivalent |
|---|---|
| String (UTF-8 encoding only). | String |
| Char | String |
| Single null char (such as, \0 ) | Null |
| Boolean | Boolean. Represented in JSON as true or false |
null (null object references and Nullable value types). |
A string value of null |
| DBNull | A string value of null |
| Primitive numeric (or numeric-compatible) types: Byte, SByte, Int16, Int32, Int64, UInt16, UInt32, UInt64, Double, and Single. The culture-invariant string representation is used. | Number |
| DateTime | Date object, represented in JSON as "\/Date(number of ticks)\/". The number of ticks is a positive or negative long value that indicates the number of ticks (milliseconds) that have elapsed since midnight 01 January, 1970 UTC. The maximum supported date value is MaxValue (12/31/9999 11:59:59 PM) and the minimum supported date value is MinValue (1/1/0001 12:00:00 AM). |
| Enumerations of integer type | Integer equivalent of the enumeration value |
| Types that implement IEnumerable or System.Collections.Generic.IEnumerable<T> that are not also implementations of IDictionary or System.Collections.Generic.IDictionary<TKey,TValue>. This includes types such as Array, ArrayList, and List<T>. | Array that uses JSON array syntax |
| Types that implement IDictionary or System.Collections.Generic.IDictionary<TKey,TValue>. This includes types such as Dictionary<TKey,TValue> and Hashtable. | JavaScript object that uses JSON dictionary syntax |
| Custom concrete (non-abstract) types that have public instance properties that have get accessors or public instance fields. Note that public write-only properties, public property or public field attributes marked with ScriptIgnoreAttribute, and public indexed properties in these types are ignored. |
JavaScript object that uses JSON dictionary syntax. A special metadata property named "__type" is included to ensure correct deserialization. Make sure that public instance properties have get and set accessors to ensure correct deserialization. |
| Guid | String representation of a GUID |
| Uri | String representation of the return value of GetComponents |
Constructors
| JavaScriptSerializer() |
Initializes a new instance of the JavaScriptSerializer class that has no type resolver. |
| JavaScriptSerializer(JavaScriptTypeResolver) |
Initializes a new instance of the JavaScriptSerializer class that has a custom type resolver. |
Properties
| MaxJsonLength |
Gets or sets the maximum length of JSON strings that are accepted by the JavaScriptSerializer class. |
| RecursionLimit |
Gets or sets the limit for constraining the number of object levels to process. |
Methods
| ConvertToType(Object, Type) |
Converts the specified object to the specified type. |
| ConvertToType<T>(Object) |
Converts the given object to the specified type. |
| Deserialize(String, Type) |
Converts a JSON-formatted string to an object of the specified type. |
| Deserialize<T>(String) |
Converts the specified JSON string to an object of type |
| DeserializeObject(String) |
Converts the specified JSON string to an object graph. |
| Equals(Object) |
Determines whether the specified object is equal to the current object. (Inherited from Object) |
| GetHashCode() |
Serves as the default hash function. (Inherited from Object) |
| GetType() |
Gets the Type of the current instance. (Inherited from Object) |
| MemberwiseClone() |
Creates a shallow copy of the current Object. (Inherited from Object) |
| RegisterConverters(IEnumerable<JavaScriptConverter>) |
Registers a custom converter with the JavaScriptSerializer instance. |
| Serialize(Object, StringBuilder) |
Serializes an object and writes the resulting JSON string to the specified StringBuilder object. |
| Serialize(Object) |
Converts an object to a JSON string. |
| ToString() |
Returns a string that represents the current object. (Inherited from Object) |
Applies to
See also
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