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使用 PowerShell 创建托管实例

  • 项目

适用于：Azure SQL 托管实例

此 PowerShell 脚本示例在新虚拟网络的专用子网中创建托管实例。 它还为虚拟网络配置路由表和网络安全组。 成功运行脚本后，即可从虚拟网络或本地环境访问托管实例。 请参阅将 Azure VM 配置为连接到 Azure SQL 数据库托管实例和配置从本地到 Azure SQL 托管实例的点到站点连接。

重要

有关限制，请参阅支持的区域和支持的订阅类型。

使用 Azure Cloud Shell

Azure 托管 Azure Cloud Shell（一个可通过浏览器使用的交互式 shell 环境）。 可以将 Bash 或 PowerShell 与 Cloud Shell 配合使用来使用 Azure 服务。 可以使用 Cloud Shell 预安装的命令来运行本文中的代码，而不必在本地环境中安装任何内容。

若要启动 Azure Cloud Shell，请执行以下操作：

选项 示例/链接
选择代码块右上角的“试用”。 选择“试用”不会自动将代码复制到 Cloud Shell。 显示 Azure Cloud Shell 的“试用”示例的屏幕截图。
转到 https://shell.azure.com 或选择“启动 Cloud Shell”按钮可在浏览器中打开 Cloud Shell。 显示如何在新窗口中启动 Cloud Shell 的屏幕截图。
选择 Azure 门户右上角菜单栏上的 Cloud Shell 按钮。 显示 Azure 门户中的 Cloud Shell 按钮的屏幕截图

若要在 Azure Cloud Shell 中运行本文中的代码，请执行以下操作：

  1. 启动 Cloud Shell。

  2. 选择代码块上的复制按钮以复制代码。

  3. 在 Windows 和 Linux 上选择 Ctrl+Shift+V，或在 macOS 上选择 Cmd+Shift+V 将代码粘贴到 Cloud Shell 会话中。

  4. 选择 Enter 运行此代码。

如果选择在本地安装并使用 PowerShell，则本教程需要 Azure PowerShell 1.4.0 或更高版本。 如果需要升级，请参阅安装 Azure PowerShell 模块。 如果在本地运行 PowerShell，则还需运行 Connect-AzAccount 来创建与 Azure 的连接。

示例脚本

# <SetVariables>
$NSnetworkModels = "Microsoft.Azure.Commands.Network.Models"
$NScollections = "System.Collections.Generic"

# The SubscriptionId in which to create these objects
$SubscriptionId = '<Enter subscription ID>'
# Set the resource group name and location for your managed instance
$resourceGroupName = "myResourceGroup-$(Get-Random)"
$location = "eastus2"
# Set the networking values for your managed instance
$vNetName = "myVnet-$(Get-Random)"
$vNetAddressPrefix = "10.0.0.0/16"
$defaultSubnetName = "myDefaultSubnet-$(Get-Random)"
$defaultSubnetAddressPrefix = "10.0.0.0/24"
$miSubnetName = "MISubnet-$(Get-Random)"
$miSubnetAddressPrefix = "10.0.0.0/24"
#Set the managed instance name for the new managed instance
$instanceName = "mi-name-$(Get-Random)"
# Set the admin login and password for your managed instance
$miAdminSqlLogin = "SqlAdmin"
$miAdminSqlPassword = "ChangeThisPassword!!"
# Set the managed instance service tier, compute level, and license mode
$edition = "General Purpose"
$vCores = 8
$maxStorage = 256
$computeGeneration = "Gen5"
$license = "LicenseIncluded" #"BasePrice" or LicenseIncluded if you have don't have SQL Server licence that can be used for AHB discount
$dbname = 'SampleDB'

# </SetVariables>

# <CreateResourceGroup>

# Set subscription context
Connect-AzAccount
$subscriptionContextParams = @{
    SubscriptionId = $SubscriptionId
}
Set-AzContext @subscriptionContextParams

# Create a resource group
$resourceGroupParams = @{
    Name = $resourceGroupName
    Location = $location
    Tag = @{Owner="SQLDB-Samples"}
}
$resourceGroup = New-AzResourceGroup @resourceGroupParams

# </CreateResourceGroup>

# <CreateVirtualNetwork>

# Configure virtual network, subnets, network security group, and routing table
$networkSecurityGroupParams = @{
    Name = 'myNetworkSecurityGroupMiManagementService'
    ResourceGroupName = $resourceGroupName
    Location = $location
}
$networkSecurityGroupMiManagementService = New-AzNetworkSecurityGroup @networkSecurityGroupParams

$routeTableParams = @{
    Name = 'myRouteTableMiManagementService'
    ResourceGroupName = $resourceGroupName
    Location = $location
}
$routeTableMiManagementService = New-AzRouteTable @routeTableParams

$virtualNetworkParams = @{
    ResourceGroupName = $resourceGroupName
    Location = $location
    Name = $vNetName
    AddressPrefix = $vNetAddressPrefix
}

$virtualNetwork = New-AzVirtualNetwork @virtualNetworkParams

$subnetConfigParams = @{
    Name = $miSubnetName
    VirtualNetwork = $virtualNetwork
    AddressPrefix = $miSubnetAddressPrefix
    NetworkSecurityGroup = $networkSecurityGroupMiManagementService
    RouteTable = $routeTableMiManagementService
}

$subnetConfig = Add-AzVirtualNetworkSubnetConfig @subnetConfigParams | Set-AzVirtualNetwork

$virtualNetwork = Get-AzVirtualNetwork -Name $vNetName -ResourceGroupName $resourceGroupName

$subnet= $virtualNetwork.Subnets[0]

# Create a delegation
$subnet.Delegations = New-Object "$NScollections.List``1[$NSnetworkModels.PSDelegation]"
$delegationName = "dgManagedInstance" + (Get-Random -Maximum 1000)
$delegationParams = @{
    Name = $delegationName
    ServiceName = "Microsoft.Sql/managedInstances"
}
$delegation = New-AzDelegation @delegationParams
$subnet.Delegations.Add($delegation)

Set-AzVirtualNetwork -VirtualNetwork $virtualNetwork

$miSubnetConfigId = $subnet.Id

$allowParameters = @{
    Access = 'Allow'
    Protocol = 'Tcp'
    Direction= 'Inbound'
    SourcePortRange = '*'
    SourceAddressPrefix = 'VirtualNetwork'
    DestinationAddressPrefix = '*'
}
$denyInParameters = @{
    Access = 'Deny'
    Protocol = '*'
    Direction = 'Inbound'
    SourcePortRange = '*'
    SourceAddressPrefix = '*'
    DestinationPortRange = '*'
    DestinationAddressPrefix = '*'
}
$denyOutParameters = @{
    Access = 'Deny'
    Protocol = '*'
    Direction = 'Outbound'
    SourcePortRange = '*'
    SourceAddressPrefix = '*'
    DestinationPortRange = '*'
    DestinationAddressPrefix = '*'
}

$networkSecurityGroupParams = @{
    ResourceGroupName = $resourceGroupName
    Name = "myNetworkSecurityGroupMiManagementService"
}

$networkSecurityGroup = Get-AzNetworkSecurityGroup @networkSecurityGroupParams

$allowRuleParams = @{
    Access = 'Allow'
    Protocol = 'Tcp'
    Direction = 'Inbound'
    SourcePortRange = '*'
    SourceAddressPrefix = 'VirtualNetwork'
    DestinationAddressPrefix = '*'
}

$denyInRuleParams = @{
    Access = 'Deny'
    Protocol = '*'
    Direction = 'Inbound'
    SourcePortRange = '*'
    SourceAddressPrefix = '*'
    DestinationPortRange = '*'
    DestinationAddressPrefix = '*'
}

$denyOutRuleParams = @{
    Access = 'Deny'
    Protocol = '*'
    Direction = 'Outbound'
    SourcePortRange = '*'
    SourceAddressPrefix = '*'
    DestinationPortRange = '*'
    DestinationAddressPrefix = '*'
}

$networkSecurityGroup |
    Add-AzNetworkSecurityRuleConfig @allowRuleParams -Priority 1000 -Name "allow_tds_inbound" -DestinationPortRange 1433 |
    Add-AzNetworkSecurityRuleConfig @allowRuleParams -Priority 1100 -Name "allow_redirect_inbound" -DestinationPortRange 11000-11999 |
    Add-AzNetworkSecurityRuleConfig @denyInRuleParams -Priority 4096 -Name "deny_all_inbound" |
    Add-AzNetworkSecurityRuleConfig @denyOutRuleParams -Priority 4096 -Name "deny_all_outbound" |
    Set-AzNetworkSecurityGroup


# </CreateVirtualNetwork>

# <CreateManagedInstance>

# Create credentials
$secpassword = ConvertTo-SecureString $miAdminSqlPassword -AsPlainText -Force
$credential = New-Object System.Management.Automation.PSCredential -ArgumentList @($miAdminSqlLogin, $secpassword)

$managedInstanceParams = @{
    Name = $instanceName
    ResourceGroupName = $resourceGroupName
    Location = $location
    SubnetId = $miSubnetConfigId
    AdministratorCredential = $credential
    StorageSizeInGB = $maxStorage
    VCore = $vCores
    Edition = $edition
    ComputeGeneration = $computeGeneration
    LicenseType = $license
}

New-AzSqlInstance @managedInstanceParams

# </CreateManagedInstance>

# <CreateDatabase>

$databaseParams = @{
    ResourceGroupName = $resourceGroupName
    InstanceName = $instanceName
    Name = $dbname
    Collation = 'Latin1_General_100_CS_AS_SC'
}

New-AzSqlInstanceDatabase @databaseParams

# </CreateDatabase>

# Clean up deployment 
# Remove-AzResourceGroup -ResourceGroupName $resourceGroupName

清理部署

使用以下命令删除资源组及其相关的所有资源。

Remove-AzResourceGroup -ResourceGroupName $resourcegroupname

脚本说明

此脚本使用以下命令中的某些命令。 有关下表中使用的命令和其他命令的详细信息，请单击命令特定文档的链接。

命令 注释
New-AzResourceGroup 创建用于存储所有资源的资源组。
New-AzVirtualNetwork 创建虚拟网络。
Add-AzVirtualNetworkSubnetConfig 向虚拟网络添加子网配置。
Get-AzVirtualNetwork 获取资源组中的虚拟网络。
Set-AzVirtualNetwork 设置虚拟网络的目标状态。
Get-AzVirtualNetworkSubnetConfig 获取虚拟网络中的子网。
Set-AzVirtualNetworkSubnetConfig 配置虚拟网络中子网配置的目标状态。
New-AzRouteTable 创建路由表。
Get-AzRouteTable 获取路由表。
Set-AzRouteTable 设置路由表的目标状态。
New-AzSqlInstance 创建托管实例。
New-AzSqlInstanceDatabase 为托管实例创建数据库。
Remove-AzResourceGroup 删除资源组，包括所有嵌套的资源。

后续步骤

有关 Azure PowerShell 的详细信息，请参阅 Azure PowerShell 文档。

Azure SQL 托管实例的其他 PowerShell 脚本示例可在 Azure SQL 托管实例 PowerShell 脚本中找到。