StringComparison 枚举

参考

定义

命名空间:: System

程序集:: System.Runtime.dll

程序集:: mscorlib.dll

程序集:: netstandard.dll

重要

一些信息与预发行产品相关，相应产品在发行之前可能会进行重大修改。对于此处提供的信息，Microsoft 不作任何明示或暗示的担保。

指定供 Compare(String, String) 和 Equals(Object) 方法的特定重载使用的区域性、大小写和排序规则。

public enum class StringComparison

public enum StringComparison

[System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComVisible(true)]
[System.Serializable]
public enum StringComparison

type StringComparison =

[<System.Runtime.InteropServices.ComVisible(true)>]
[<System.Serializable>]
type StringComparison =

Public Enum StringComparison

继承: Object

ValueType

Enum
StringComparison

属性: ComVisibleAttribute SerializableAttribute

字段

CurrentCulture	0	使用区分区域性的排序规则和当前区域性比较字符串。
CurrentCultureIgnoreCase	1	通过使用区分区域性的排序规则、当前区域性，并忽略所比较的字符串的大小写，来比较字符串。
InvariantCulture	2	使用区分区域性的排序规则和固定区域性比较字符串。
InvariantCultureIgnoreCase	3	通过使用区分区域性的排序规则、固定区域性，并忽略所比较的字符串的大小写，来比较字符串。
Ordinal	4	使用序号（二进制）排序规则比较字符串。
OrdinalIgnoreCase	5	通过使用序号（二进制）区分区域性的排序规则并忽略所比较的字符串的大小写，来比较字符串。

示例

以下示例使用枚举的每个成员 StringComparison 比较三组字符串。比较使用英语 (美国) 、泰国 (泰国) 和土耳其 (土耳其) 文化的约定。请注意，字符串“a”和“a-”在“th-TH”区域性中被视为等效的，但在其他区域性中，“i”和“Á”在“tr-TR”区域性中被视为等效的，但在其他区域性中被忽略，但不在其他区域性中。

using System;
using System.Globalization;
using System.Threading;

public class Example3
{
    public static void Main()
    {
        String[] cultureNames = { "en-US", "th-TH", "tr-TR" };
        String[] strings1 = { "a", "i", "case", };
        String[] strings2 = { "a-", "\u0130", "Case" };
        StringComparison[] comparisons = (StringComparison[])Enum.GetValues(typeof(StringComparison));

        foreach (var cultureName in cultureNames)
        {
            Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture = CultureInfo.CreateSpecificCulture(cultureName);
            Console.WriteLine("Current Culture: {0}", CultureInfo.CurrentCulture.Name);
            for (int ctr = 0; ctr <= strings1.GetUpperBound(0); ctr++)
            {
                foreach (var comparison in comparisons)
                    Console.WriteLine("   {0} = {1} ({2}): {3}", strings1[ctr],
                                      strings2[ctr], comparison,
                                      String.Equals(strings1[ctr], strings2[ctr], comparison));

                Console.WriteLine();
            }
            Console.WriteLine();
        }
    }
}
// The example displays the following output:
//    Current Culture: en-US
//       a = a- (CurrentCulture): False
//       a = a- (CurrentCultureIgnoreCase): False
//       a = a- (InvariantCulture): False
//       a = a- (InvariantCultureIgnoreCase): False
//       a = a- (Ordinal): False
//       a = a- (OrdinalIgnoreCase): False
//
//       i = İ (CurrentCulture): False
//       i = İ (CurrentCultureIgnoreCase): False
//       i = İ (InvariantCulture): False
//       i = İ (InvariantCultureIgnoreCase): False
//       i = İ (Ordinal): False
//       i = İ (OrdinalIgnoreCase): False
//
//       case = Case (CurrentCulture): False
//       case = Case (CurrentCultureIgnoreCase): True
//       case = Case (InvariantCulture): False
//       case = Case (InvariantCultureIgnoreCase): True
//       case = Case (Ordinal): False
//       case = Case (OrdinalIgnoreCase): True
//
//
//    Current Culture: th-TH
//       a = a- (CurrentCulture): True
//       a = a- (CurrentCultureIgnoreCase): True
//       a = a- (InvariantCulture): False
//       a = a- (InvariantCultureIgnoreCase): False
//       a = a- (Ordinal): False
//       a = a- (OrdinalIgnoreCase): False
//
//       i = İ (CurrentCulture): False
//       i = İ (CurrentCultureIgnoreCase): False
//       i = İ (InvariantCulture): False
//       i = İ (InvariantCultureIgnoreCase): False
//       i = İ (Ordinal): False
//       i = İ (OrdinalIgnoreCase): False
//
//       case = Case (CurrentCulture): False
//       case = Case (CurrentCultureIgnoreCase): True
//       case = Case (InvariantCulture): False
//       case = Case (InvariantCultureIgnoreCase): True
//       case = Case (Ordinal): False
//       case = Case (OrdinalIgnoreCase): True
//
//
//    Current Culture: tr-TR
//       a = a- (CurrentCulture): False
//       a = a- (CurrentCultureIgnoreCase): False
//       a = a- (InvariantCulture): False
//       a = a- (InvariantCultureIgnoreCase): False
//       a = a- (Ordinal): False
//       a = a- (OrdinalIgnoreCase): False
//
//       i = İ (CurrentCulture): False
//       i = İ (CurrentCultureIgnoreCase): True
//       i = İ (InvariantCulture): False
//       i = İ (InvariantCultureIgnoreCase): False
//       i = İ (Ordinal): False
//       i = İ (OrdinalIgnoreCase): False
//
//       case = Case (CurrentCulture): False
//       case = Case (CurrentCultureIgnoreCase): True
//       case = Case (InvariantCulture): False
//       case = Case (InvariantCultureIgnoreCase): True
//       case = Case (Ordinal): False
//       case = Case (OrdinalIgnoreCase): True

open System
open System.Globalization
open System.Threading

let cultureNames = 
    [| "en-US"; "se-SE" |]
let strings1 = 
    [| "case"; "encyclopædia" 
       "encyclopædia"; "Archæology" |]
let strings2 = 
    [| "Case"; "encyclopaedia" 
       "encyclopedia"; "ARCHÆOLOGY" |]
let comparisons = 
    Enum.GetValues typeof<StringComparison> :?> StringComparison[]

for cultureName in cultureNames do
    Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture <- CultureInfo.CreateSpecificCulture cultureName
    printfn $"Current Culture: {CultureInfo.CurrentCulture.Name}"
    for i = 0 to strings1.GetUpperBound 0 do
        for comparison in comparisons do
            printfn $"   {strings1[i]} = {strings2[i]} ({comparison}): {String.Equals(strings1[i], strings2[i], comparison)}"
        printfn ""         
    printfn ""
// The example displays the following output:
//    Current Culture: en-US
//       case = Case (CurrentCulture): False
//       case = Case (CurrentCultureIgnoreCase): True
//       case = Case (InvariantCulture): False
//       case = Case (InvariantCultureIgnoreCase): True
//       case = Case (Ordinal): False
//       case = Case (OrdinalIgnoreCase): True
//    
//       encyclopædia = encyclopaedia (CurrentCulture): True
//       encyclopædia = encyclopaedia (CurrentCultureIgnoreCase): True
//       encyclopædia = encyclopaedia (InvariantCulture): True
//       encyclopædia = encyclopaedia (InvariantCultureIgnoreCase): True
//       encyclopædia = encyclopaedia (Ordinal): False
//       encyclopædia = encyclopaedia (OrdinalIgnoreCase): False
//    
//       encyclopædia = encyclopedia (CurrentCulture): False
//       encyclopædia = encyclopedia (CurrentCultureIgnoreCase): False
//       encyclopædia = encyclopedia (InvariantCulture): False
//       encyclopædia = encyclopedia (InvariantCultureIgnoreCase): False
//       encyclopædia = encyclopedia (Ordinal): False
//       encyclopædia = encyclopedia (OrdinalIgnoreCase): False
//    
//       Archæology = ARCHÆOLOGY (CurrentCulture): False
//       Archæology = ARCHÆOLOGY (CurrentCultureIgnoreCase): True
//       Archæology = ARCHÆOLOGY (InvariantCulture): False
//       Archæology = ARCHÆOLOGY (InvariantCultureIgnoreCase): True
//       Archæology = ARCHÆOLOGY (Ordinal): False
//       Archæology = ARCHÆOLOGY (OrdinalIgnoreCase): True
//    
//    
//    Current Culture: se-SE
//       case = Case (CurrentCulture): False
//       case = Case (CurrentCultureIgnoreCase): True
//       case = Case (InvariantCulture): False
//       case = Case (InvariantCultureIgnoreCase): True
//       case = Case (Ordinal): False
//       case = Case (OrdinalIgnoreCase): True
//    
//       encyclopædia = encyclopaedia (CurrentCulture): False
//       encyclopædia = encyclopaedia (CurrentCultureIgnoreCase): False
//       encyclopædia = encyclopaedia (InvariantCulture): True
//       encyclopædia = encyclopaedia (InvariantCultureIgnoreCase): True
//       encyclopædia = encyclopaedia (Ordinal): False
//       encyclopædia = encyclopaedia (OrdinalIgnoreCase): False
//    
//       encyclopædia = encyclopedia (CurrentCulture): False
//       encyclopædia = encyclopedia (CurrentCultureIgnoreCase): False
//       encyclopædia = encyclopedia (InvariantCulture): False
//       encyclopædia = encyclopedia (InvariantCultureIgnoreCase): False
//       encyclopædia = encyclopedia (Ordinal): False
//       encyclopædia = encyclopedia (OrdinalIgnoreCase): False
//    
//       Archæology = ARCHÆOLOGY (CurrentCulture): False
//       Archæology = ARCHÆOLOGY (CurrentCultureIgnoreCase): True
//       Archæology = ARCHÆOLOGY (InvariantCulture): False
//       Archæology = ARCHÆOLOGY (InvariantCultureIgnoreCase): True
//       Archæology = ARCHÆOLOGY (Ordinal): False
//       Archæology = ARCHÆOLOGY (OrdinalIgnoreCase): True

Imports System.Globalization
Imports System.Threading

Module Example
   Public Sub Main()
      Dim cultureNames() As String = { "en-US", "se-SE" }
      Dim strings1() As String = { "case",  "encyclopædia",  
                                   "encyclopædia", "Archæology" }
      Dim strings2() As String = { "Case", "encyclopaedia", 
                                   "encyclopedia" , "ARCHÆOLOGY" }
      Dim comparisons() As StringComparison = CType([Enum].GetValues(GetType(StringComparison)),
                                           StringComparison())
      
      For Each cultureName In cultureNames
         Thread.CurrentThread.CurrentCulture = CultureInfo.CreateSpecificCulture(cultureName)
         Console.WriteLine("Current Culture: {0}", CultureInfo.CurrentCulture.Name)
         For ctr As Integer = 0 To strings1.GetUpperBound(0)
            For Each comparison In comparisons
               Console.WriteLine("   {0} = {1} ({2}): {3}", strings1(ctr),
                                 strings2(ctr), comparison, 
                                 String.Equals(strings1(ctr), strings2(ctr), comparison))
            Next
            Console.WriteLine()         
         Next
         Console.WriteLine()
      Next
   End Sub
End Module
' The example displays the following output:
'    Current Culture: en-US
'       case = Case (CurrentCulture): False
'       case = Case (CurrentCultureIgnoreCase): True
'       case = Case (InvariantCulture): False
'       case = Case (InvariantCultureIgnoreCase): True
'       case = Case (Ordinal): False
'       case = Case (OrdinalIgnoreCase): True
'    
'       encyclopædia = encyclopaedia (CurrentCulture): True
'       encyclopædia = encyclopaedia (CurrentCultureIgnoreCase): True
'       encyclopædia = encyclopaedia (InvariantCulture): True
'       encyclopædia = encyclopaedia (InvariantCultureIgnoreCase): True
'       encyclopædia = encyclopaedia (Ordinal): False
'       encyclopædia = encyclopaedia (OrdinalIgnoreCase): False
'    
'       encyclopædia = encyclopedia (CurrentCulture): False
'       encyclopædia = encyclopedia (CurrentCultureIgnoreCase): False
'       encyclopædia = encyclopedia (InvariantCulture): False
'       encyclopædia = encyclopedia (InvariantCultureIgnoreCase): False
'       encyclopædia = encyclopedia (Ordinal): False
'       encyclopædia = encyclopedia (OrdinalIgnoreCase): False
'    
'       Archæology = ARCHÆOLOGY (CurrentCulture): False
'       Archæology = ARCHÆOLOGY (CurrentCultureIgnoreCase): True
'       Archæology = ARCHÆOLOGY (InvariantCulture): False
'       Archæology = ARCHÆOLOGY (InvariantCultureIgnoreCase): True
'       Archæology = ARCHÆOLOGY (Ordinal): False
'       Archæology = ARCHÆOLOGY (OrdinalIgnoreCase): True
'    
'    
'    Current Culture: se-SE
'       case = Case (CurrentCulture): False
'       case = Case (CurrentCultureIgnoreCase): True
'       case = Case (InvariantCulture): False
'       case = Case (InvariantCultureIgnoreCase): True
'       case = Case (Ordinal): False
'       case = Case (OrdinalIgnoreCase): True
'    
'       encyclopædia = encyclopaedia (CurrentCulture): False
'       encyclopædia = encyclopaedia (CurrentCultureIgnoreCase): False
'       encyclopædia = encyclopaedia (InvariantCulture): True
'       encyclopædia = encyclopaedia (InvariantCultureIgnoreCase): True
'       encyclopædia = encyclopaedia (Ordinal): False
'       encyclopædia = encyclopaedia (OrdinalIgnoreCase): False
'    
'       encyclopædia = encyclopedia (CurrentCulture): False
'       encyclopædia = encyclopedia (CurrentCultureIgnoreCase): False
'       encyclopædia = encyclopedia (InvariantCulture): False
'       encyclopædia = encyclopedia (InvariantCultureIgnoreCase): False
'       encyclopædia = encyclopedia (Ordinal): False
'       encyclopædia = encyclopedia (OrdinalIgnoreCase): False
'    
'       Archæology = ARCHÆOLOGY (CurrentCulture): False
'       Archæology = ARCHÆOLOGY (CurrentCultureIgnoreCase): True
'       Archæology = ARCHÆOLOGY (InvariantCulture): False
'       Archæology = ARCHÆOLOGY (InvariantCultureIgnoreCase): True
'       Archæology = ARCHÆOLOGY (Ordinal): False
'       Archæology = ARCHÆOLOGY (OrdinalIgnoreCase): True

注解

枚举 StringComparison 用于指定字符串比较是否应使用当前区域性或固定区域性、单词或序号排序规则，以及区分大小写或区分大小写。

重要

调用字符串比较方法（例如 String.Compare， String.Equals或 String.IndexOf）时，应始终调用包含类型的 StringComparison 参数的重载，以便指定该方法执行的比较类型。有关详细信息，请参阅有关使用字符串的最佳实践。

使用单词排序规则的操作会执行区分区域性的比较，其中某些非幻象 Unicode 字符可能为其分配了特殊权重。使用单词排序规则和特定区域性的约定，连字符 (“-”) 可能分配了非常小的权重，以便“coop”和“合作”出现在排序列表中彼此旁边。

备注

仅在 Linux 和 macOS 系统上运行的 .NET Core：C 和 Posix 区域性的排序规则行为始终区分大小写，因为这些区域性不使用预期的 Unicode 排序规则顺序。建议使用除 C 或 Posix 以外的区域性执行区分区域性但不区分大小写的排序操作。

使用序号排序规则的操作基于字符串中每个 Char 代码点的数值 (Unicode 代码点) 执行比较。序号比较很快，但区域性不区分。使用序号排序规则对以 Unicode 字符开头的字符串进行排序时 (U+) ，如果 xxxx 的值小于 yyyy，则字符串 U+xxxx 位于字符串 U+yy 之前。

有关比较的详细信息，请参阅 System.String 类备注。有关区域性的详细信息，请参阅 System.Globalization.CultureInfo 类备注。有关何时使用序号或区域性敏感比较规则或固定区域性规则的指南，请参阅使用字符串的最佳做法。有关一组文本文件，其中包含用于对Windows操作系统的排序和比较操作中使用的字符权重的信息，请参阅“对权重表进行排序”。有关 Linux 和 macOS 的排序权重表，请参阅默认 Unicode 排序规则元素表。

适用于

通过

StringComparison 枚举

定义

字段

示例

注解

适用于

另请参阅

其他资源