Directory.GetFileSystemEntries 方法

定義

命名空間:

System.IO

組件:

System.Runtime.dll

傳回符合指定準則之所有檔案和子目錄的名稱。

多載

GetFileSystemEntries(String)	傳回指定路徑中所有檔案和子目錄的名稱。
GetFileSystemEntries(String, String)	傳回符合指定路徑中搜尋模式的目錄名稱，及檔案名稱的陣列。
GetFileSystemEntries(String, String, EnumerationOptions)	傳回所指定路徑中符合搜尋模式與列舉選項之檔案名稱及目錄名稱的陣列。
GetFileSystemEntries(String, String, SearchOption)	傳回指定之路徑中符合搜尋模式之所有檔名和目錄名稱的陣列，並選擇性地搜尋子目錄。

GetFileSystemEntries(String)

來源:

Directory.cs

傳回指定路徑中所有檔案和子目錄的名稱。

public:
 static cli::array <System::String ^> ^ GetFileSystemEntries(System::String ^ path);

public static string[] GetFileSystemEntries (string path);

static member GetFileSystemEntries : string -> string[]

Public Shared Function GetFileSystemEntries (path As String) As String()

參數

path

String

要搜尋之目錄的相對或絕對路徑。 這個字串不會區分大小寫。

傳回

String[]

指定之目錄中的檔案及子目錄名稱陣列，如果找不到檔案或子目錄則為空陣列。

例外狀況

UnauthorizedAccessException

呼叫端沒有必要的權限。

ArgumentException

.NET Framework和 2.1 之前的 .NET Core 版本： path 是長度為零的字串、只包含空白字元，或包含一或多個無效字元。 您可以使用 GetInvalidPathChars() 查詢無效字元。

ArgumentNullException

path 為 null。

PathTooLongException

指定的路徑、檔案名稱，或兩者都超出系統定義的長度上限。

IOException

path 為檔案名稱。

DirectoryNotFoundException

指定的路徑無效 (例如，它位於未對應的磁碟機上)。

範例

下列範例會 GetFileSystemEntries 使用 方法，以使用者指定位置中的所有檔案和子目錄名稱填入字串陣列，並將陣列中的每個字串列印至主控台。 此範例設定為攔截此方法通用的所有錯誤。

using namespace System;
class Class1
{
public:
   void PrintFileSystemEntries( String^ path )
   {
      try
      {
         
         // Obtain the file system entries in the directory path.
         array<String^>^directoryEntries = System::IO::Directory::GetFileSystemEntries( path );
         for ( int i = 0; i < directoryEntries->Length; i++ )
         {
            System::Console::WriteLine( directoryEntries[ i ] );

         }
      }
      catch ( ArgumentNullException^ ) 
      {
         System::Console::WriteLine(  "Path is a null reference." );
      }
      catch ( System::Security::SecurityException^ ) 
      {
         System::Console::WriteLine(  "The caller does not have the \HelloServer'                  required permission." );
      }
      catch ( ArgumentException^ ) 
      {
         System::Console::WriteLine(  "Path is an empty String, \HelloServer'                  contains only white spaces, \HelloServer'                  or contains invalid characters." );
      }
      catch ( System::IO::DirectoryNotFoundException^ ) 
      {
         System::Console::WriteLine(  "The path encapsulated in the \HelloServer'                  Directory object does not exist." );
      }

   }

   void PrintFileSystemEntries( String^ path, String^ pattern )
   {
      try
      {
         
         // Obtain the file system entries in the directory
         // path that match the pattern.
         array<String^>^directoryEntries = System::IO::Directory::GetFileSystemEntries( path, pattern );
         for ( int i = 0; i < directoryEntries->Length; i++ )
         {
            System::Console::WriteLine( directoryEntries[ i ] );

         }
      }
      catch ( ArgumentNullException^ ) 
      {
         System::Console::WriteLine(  "Path is a null reference." );
      }
      catch ( System::Security::SecurityException^ ) 
      {
         System::Console::WriteLine(  "The caller does not have the \HelloServer'                  required permission." );
      }
      catch ( ArgumentException^ ) 
      {
         System::Console::WriteLine(  "Path is an empty String, \HelloServer'                  contains only white spaces, \HelloServer'                  or contains invalid characters." );
      }
      catch ( System::IO::DirectoryNotFoundException^ ) 
      {
         System::Console::WriteLine(  "The path encapsulated in the \HelloServer'                  Directory object does not exist." );
      }

   }


   // Print out all logical drives on the system.
   void GetLogicalDrives()
   {
      try
      {
         array<String^>^drives = System::IO::Directory::GetLogicalDrives();
         for ( int i = 0; i < drives->Length; i++ )
         {
            System::Console::WriteLine( drives[ i ] );

         }
      }
      catch ( System::IO::IOException^ ) 
      {
         System::Console::WriteLine(  "An I/O error occurs." );
      }
      catch ( System::Security::SecurityException^ ) 
      {
         System::Console::WriteLine(  "The caller does not have the \HelloServer'                  required permission." );
      }

   }

   void GetParent( String^ path )
   {
      try
      {
         System::IO::DirectoryInfo^ directoryInfo = System::IO::Directory::GetParent( path );
         System::Console::WriteLine( directoryInfo->FullName );
      }
      catch ( ArgumentNullException^ ) 
      {
         System::Console::WriteLine(  "Path is a null reference." );
      }
      catch ( ArgumentException^ ) 
      {
         System::Console::WriteLine(  "Path is an empty String, \HelloServer'                  contains only white spaces, or \HelloServer'                  contains invalid characters." );
      }

   }

   void Move( String^ sourcePath, String^ destinationPath )
   {
      try
      {
         System::IO::Directory::Move( sourcePath, destinationPath );
         System::Console::WriteLine(  "The directory move is complete." );
      }
      catch ( ArgumentNullException^ ) 
      {
         System::Console::WriteLine(  "Path is a null reference." );
      }
      catch ( System::Security::SecurityException^ ) 
      {
         System::Console::WriteLine(  "The caller does not have the \HelloServer'                  required permission." );
      }
      catch ( ArgumentException^ ) 
      {
         System::Console::WriteLine(  "Path is an empty String, \HelloServer'                  contains only white spaces, \HelloServer'                  or contains invalid characters." );
      }
      catch ( System::IO::IOException^ ) 
      {
         System::Console::WriteLine(  "An attempt was made to move a \HelloServer'                  directory to a different \HelloServer'                  volume, or destDirName \HelloServer'                  already exists." );
      }

   }

};

int main()
{
   Class1 * snippets = new Class1;
   String^ path = System::IO::Directory::GetCurrentDirectory();
   String^ filter =  "*.exe";
   snippets->PrintFileSystemEntries( path );
   snippets->PrintFileSystemEntries( path, filter );
   snippets->GetLogicalDrives();
   snippets->GetParent( path );
   snippets->Move(  "C:\\proof",  "C:\\Temp" );
   return 0;
}

using System;

namespace GetFileSystemEntries
{
    class Class1
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Class1 snippets = new Class1();

            string path = System.IO.Directory.GetCurrentDirectory();
            string filter = "*.exe";

            snippets.PrintFileSystemEntries(path);
            snippets.PrintFileSystemEntries(path, filter);		
            snippets.GetLogicalDrives();
            snippets.GetParent(path);
            snippets.Move("C:\\proof", "C:\\Temp");
        }

        void PrintFileSystemEntries(string path)
        {
            
            try
            {
                // Obtain the file system entries in the directory path.
                string[] directoryEntries =
                    System.IO.Directory.GetFileSystemEntries(path);

                foreach (string str in directoryEntries)
                {
                    System.Console.WriteLine(str);
                }
            }
            catch (ArgumentNullException)
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is a null reference.");
            }
            catch (System.Security.SecurityException)
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("The caller does not have the " +
                    "required permission.");
            }
            catch (ArgumentException)
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is an empty string, " +
                    "contains only white spaces, " +
                    "or contains invalid characters.");
            }
            catch (System.IO.DirectoryNotFoundException)
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("The path encapsulated in the " +
                    "Directory object does not exist.");
            }
        }
        void PrintFileSystemEntries(string path, string pattern)
        {
            try
            {
                // Obtain the file system entries in the directory
                // path that match the pattern.
                string[] directoryEntries =
                    System.IO.Directory.GetFileSystemEntries(path, pattern);

                foreach (string str in directoryEntries)
                {
                    System.Console.WriteLine(str);
                }
            }
            catch (ArgumentNullException)
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is a null reference.");
            }
            catch (System.Security.SecurityException)
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("The caller does not have the " +
                    "required permission.");
            }
            catch (ArgumentException)
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is an empty string, " +
                    "contains only white spaces, " +
                    "or contains invalid characters.");
            }
            catch (System.IO.DirectoryNotFoundException)
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("The path encapsulated in the " +
                    "Directory object does not exist.");
            }
        }

        // Print out all logical drives on the system.
        void GetLogicalDrives()
        {
            try
            {
                string[] drives = System.IO.Directory.GetLogicalDrives();

                foreach (string str in drives)
                {
                    System.Console.WriteLine(str);
                }
            }
            catch (System.IO.IOException)
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("An I/O error occurs.");
            }
            catch (System.Security.SecurityException)
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("The caller does not have the " +
                    "required permission.");
            }
        }
        void GetParent(string path)
        {
            try
            {
                System.IO.DirectoryInfo directoryInfo =
                    System.IO.Directory.GetParent(path);

                System.Console.WriteLine(directoryInfo.FullName);
            }
            catch (ArgumentNullException)
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is a null reference.");
            }
            catch (ArgumentException)
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is an empty string, " +
                    "contains only white spaces, or " +
                    "contains invalid characters.");
            }
        }
        void Move(string sourcePath, string destinationPath)
        {
            try
            {
                System.IO.Directory.Move(sourcePath, destinationPath);
                System.Console.WriteLine("The directory move is complete.");
            }
            catch (ArgumentNullException)
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is a null reference.");
            }
            catch (System.Security.SecurityException)
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("The caller does not have the " +
                    "required permission.");
            }
            catch (ArgumentException)
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is an empty string, " +
                    "contains only white spaces, " +
                    "or contains invalid characters.");	
            }
            catch (System.IO.IOException)
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("An attempt was made to move a " +
                    "directory to a different " +
                    "volume, or destDirName " +
                    "already exists.");
            }
        }
    }
}

open System
open System.IO
open System.Security

let printFileSystemEntries path =
    try
        // Obtain the file system entries in the directory path.
        let directoryEntries = Directory.GetFileSystemEntries path

        for str in directoryEntries do
            printfn $"{str}"
    with 
    | :? ArgumentNullException ->
        printfn "Path is a null reference."
    | :? SecurityException ->
        printfn $"The caller does not have the required permission."
    | :? ArgumentException ->
        printfn $"Path is an empty string, contains only white spaces, or contains invalid characters."
    | :? DirectoryNotFoundException ->
        printfn $"The path encapsulated in the Directory object does not exist."

let printFileSystemEntriesPattern path pattern =
    try
        // Obtain the file system entries in the directory
        // path that match the pattern.
        let directoryEntries = Directory.GetFileSystemEntries(path, pattern)

        for str in directoryEntries do
            printfn $"{str}"
    with
    | :? ArgumentNullException -> printfn "Path is a null reference."
    | :? SecurityException -> printfn "The caller does not have the required permission."
    | :? ArgumentException -> printfn "Path is an empty string, contains only white spaces, or contains invalid characters."
    | :? DirectoryNotFoundException -> printfn "The path encapsulated in the Directory object does not exist."

// Print out all logical drives on the system.
let getLogicalDrives () =
    try
        let drives = Directory.GetLogicalDrives()

        for str in drives do
            printfn $"{str}"
    with
    | :? IOException -> printfn "An I/O error occurs."
    | :? SecurityException -> printfn "The caller does not have the required permission."

let getParent path =
    try
        let directoryInfo = Directory.GetParent path
        printfn $"{directoryInfo.FullName}"

    with
    | :? ArgumentNullException -> printfn "Path is a null reference."
    | :? ArgumentException -> printfn "Path is an empty string, contains only white spaces, or contains invalid characters."

let move sourcePath destinationPath =
    try
        Directory.Move(sourcePath, destinationPath)
        printfn "The directory move is complete."

    with
    | :? ArgumentNullException -> printfn "Path is a null reference."
    | :? SecurityException -> printfn "The caller does not have the required permission."
    | :? ArgumentException -> printfn "Path is an empty string, contains only white spaces, or contains invalid characters."
    | :? IOException -> printfn "An attempt was made to move a directory to a different volume, or destDirName already exists."

let path = Directory.GetCurrentDirectory()
let filter = "*.exe"

printFileSystemEntries path
printFileSystemEntriesPattern path filter
getLogicalDrives ()
getParent path
move "C:\\proof" "C:\\Temp"

Option Explicit On 
Option Strict On

Namespace GetFileSystemEntries
    Class Class1
        Overloads Shared Sub Main(ByVal args() As String)
            Dim snippets As New Class1()
            Dim path As String = System.IO.Directory.GetCurrentDirectory()
            Dim filter As String = "*.exe"
            snippets.PrintFileSystemEntries(path)
            snippets.PrintFileSystemEntries(path, filter)
            snippets.GetLogicalDrives()
            snippets.GetParent(path)
            snippets.Move("C:\proof", "C:\Temp")
        End Sub

        Sub PrintFileSystemEntries(ByVal path As String)
            Try
                ' Obtain the file system entries in the directory path.
                Dim directoryEntries As String()
                directoryEntries = System.IO.Directory.GetFileSystemEntries(path)
                Dim str As String
                For Each str In directoryEntries
                    System.Console.WriteLine(str)
                Next str
            Catch exp As ArgumentNullException
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is a null reference.")
            Catch exp As System.Security.SecurityException
                System.Console.WriteLine("The caller does not have the " + _
                                        "required permission.")
            Catch exp As ArgumentException
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is an empty string, " + _
                                        "contains only white spaces, " + _
                                        "or contains invalid characters.")
            Catch exp As System.IO.DirectoryNotFoundException
                System.Console.WriteLine("The path encapsulated in the " + _
                                        "Directory object does not exist.")
            End Try
        End Sub
        Sub PrintFileSystemEntries(ByVal path As String, _
                                   ByVal pattern As String)
            Try
                ' Obtain the file system entries in the directory
                ' path that match the pattern.
                Dim directoryEntries As String()
                directoryEntries = _
                   System.IO.Directory.GetFileSystemEntries(path, pattern)

                Dim str As String
                For Each str In directoryEntries
                    System.Console.WriteLine(str)
                Next str
            Catch exp As ArgumentNullException
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is a null reference.")
            Catch exp As System.Security.SecurityException
                System.Console.WriteLine("The caller does not have the " + _
                                        "required permission.")
            Catch exp As ArgumentException
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is an empty string, " + _
                                        "contains only white spaces, " + _
                                        "or contains invalid characters.")
            Catch exp As System.IO.DirectoryNotFoundException
                System.Console.WriteLine("The path encapsulated in the " + _
                                        "Directory object does not exist.")
            End Try
        End Sub

        ' Print out all logical drives on the system.
        Sub GetLogicalDrives()
            Try
                Dim drives As String()
                drives = System.IO.Directory.GetLogicalDrives()

                Dim str As String
                For Each str In drives
                    System.Console.WriteLine(str)
                Next str
            Catch exp As System.IO.IOException
                System.Console.WriteLine("An I/O error occurs.")
            Catch exp As System.Security.SecurityException
                System.Console.WriteLine("The caller does not have the " + _
                                           "required permission.")
            End Try
        End Sub
        Sub GetParent(ByVal path As String)
            Try
                Dim directoryInfo As System.IO.DirectoryInfo
                directoryInfo = System.IO.Directory.GetParent(path)
                System.Console.WriteLine(directoryInfo.FullName)
            Catch exp As ArgumentNullException
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is a null reference.")
            Catch exp As ArgumentException
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is an empty string, " + _
                                     "contains only white spaces, or " + _
                                     "contains invalid characters.")
            End Try
        End Sub
        Sub Move(ByVal sourcePath As String, ByVal destinationPath As String)
            Try
                System.IO.Directory.Move(sourcePath, destinationPath)
                System.Console.WriteLine("The directory move is complete.")
            Catch exp As ArgumentNullException
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is a null reference.")
            Catch exp As System.Security.SecurityException
                System.Console.WriteLine("The caller does not have the " + _
                                           "required permission.")
            Catch exp As ArgumentException
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is an empty string, " + _
                                        "contains only white spaces, " + _
                                        "or contains invalid characters.")
            Catch exp As System.IO.IOException
                System.Console.WriteLine("An attempt was made to move a " + _
                                        "directory to a different " + _
                                        "volume, or destDirName " + _
                                        "already exists.")
            End Try
        End Sub
    End Class
End Namespace

備註

不保證傳回的檔案和目錄名稱順序;如果需要特定排序次序， Sort 請使用 方法。

EnumerateFileSystemEntries和 GetFileSystemEntries 方法會如下所示：當您使用 EnumerateFileSystemEntries 時，可以在傳回整個集合之前開始列舉專案的集合;當您使用 GetFileSystemEntries 時，必須先等候傳回整個專案陣列，才能存取陣列。 因此，當您使用許多檔案和目錄時， EnumerateFileSystemEntries 可能會更有效率。

這個方法與 GetFileSystemEntries 指定為搜尋模式的星號 (*) 相同。

允許 path 參數指定相對路徑或絕對路徑資訊。 相對路徑資訊會解譯為相對於目前的工作目錄。 若要取得目前的工作目錄，請參閱 GetCurrentDirectory 。

參數的 path 區分大小寫會對應至執行程式碼的檔案系統。 例如，在 NTFS 上不區分大小寫 (預設 Windows 檔案系統) 和 Linux 檔案系統上區分大小寫。

如需一般 I/O 工作的清單，請參閱 一般 I/O 工作。

另請參閱

• FileSystemWatcher
• FileSystemInfo
• 檔案和資料流 I/O
• 作法：讀取檔案中的文字
• 作法：將文字寫入檔案

GetFileSystemEntries(String, String)

來源:

Directory.cs

傳回符合指定路徑中搜尋模式的目錄名稱，及檔案名稱的陣列。

public:
 static cli::array <System::String ^> ^ GetFileSystemEntries(System::String ^ path, System::String ^ searchPattern);

public static string[] GetFileSystemEntries (string path, string searchPattern);

static member GetFileSystemEntries : string * string -> string[]

Public Shared Function GetFileSystemEntries (path As String, searchPattern As String) As String()

參數

path

String

要搜尋之目錄的相對或絕對路徑。 這個字串不會區分大小寫。

searchPattern

String

要比對 path 中檔案及目錄名稱的搜尋字串。 這個參數可以包含有效常值路徑與萬用 (* 和 ?) 字元的組合，但是不支援規則運算式。

傳回

String[]

符合指定搜尋條件的檔案名稱及目錄名稱陣列，如果找不到檔案或目錄則為空陣列。

例外狀況

UnauthorizedAccessException

呼叫端沒有必要的權限。

ArgumentException

.NET Framework和 2.1 之前的 .NET Core 版本： path 是長度為零的字串、只包含空白字元，或包含一或多個無效字元。 您可以使用 GetInvalidPathChars() 方法查詢無效字元。

-或-

searchPattern 不包含有效模式。

ArgumentNullException

path 或 searchPattern 為 null。

PathTooLongException

指定的路徑、檔案名稱，或兩者都超出系統定義的長度上限。

IOException

path 為檔案名稱。

DirectoryNotFoundException

指定的路徑無效 (例如，它位於未對應的磁碟機上)。

範例

下列範例會 GetFileSystemEntries 使用 方法，以符合特定位置中使用者指定篩選的所有檔案名稱填入字串陣列，並將陣列中的每個字串列印到主控台。 此範例設定為攔截此方法通用的所有錯誤。

using namespace System;
class Class1
{
public:
   void PrintFileSystemEntries( String^ path )
   {
      try
      {
         
         // Obtain the file system entries in the directory path.
         array<String^>^directoryEntries = System::IO::Directory::GetFileSystemEntries( path );
         for ( int i = 0; i < directoryEntries->Length; i++ )
         {
            System::Console::WriteLine( directoryEntries[ i ] );

         }
      }
      catch ( ArgumentNullException^ ) 
      {
         System::Console::WriteLine(  "Path is a null reference." );
      }
      catch ( System::Security::SecurityException^ ) 
      {
         System::Console::WriteLine(  "The caller does not have the \HelloServer'                  required permission." );
      }
      catch ( ArgumentException^ ) 
      {
         System::Console::WriteLine(  "Path is an empty String, \HelloServer'                  contains only white spaces, \HelloServer'                  or contains invalid characters." );
      }
      catch ( System::IO::DirectoryNotFoundException^ ) 
      {
         System::Console::WriteLine(  "The path encapsulated in the \HelloServer'                  Directory object does not exist." );
      }

   }

   void PrintFileSystemEntries( String^ path, String^ pattern )
   {
      try
      {
         
         // Obtain the file system entries in the directory
         // path that match the pattern.
         array<String^>^directoryEntries = System::IO::Directory::GetFileSystemEntries( path, pattern );
         for ( int i = 0; i < directoryEntries->Length; i++ )
         {
            System::Console::WriteLine( directoryEntries[ i ] );

         }
      }
      catch ( ArgumentNullException^ ) 
      {
         System::Console::WriteLine(  "Path is a null reference." );
      }
      catch ( System::Security::SecurityException^ ) 
      {
         System::Console::WriteLine(  "The caller does not have the \HelloServer'                  required permission." );
      }
      catch ( ArgumentException^ ) 
      {
         System::Console::WriteLine(  "Path is an empty String, \HelloServer'                  contains only white spaces, \HelloServer'                  or contains invalid characters." );
      }
      catch ( System::IO::DirectoryNotFoundException^ ) 
      {
         System::Console::WriteLine(  "The path encapsulated in the \HelloServer'                  Directory object does not exist." );
      }

   }


   // Print out all logical drives on the system.
   void GetLogicalDrives()
   {
      try
      {
         array<String^>^drives = System::IO::Directory::GetLogicalDrives();
         for ( int i = 0; i < drives->Length; i++ )
         {
            System::Console::WriteLine( drives[ i ] );

         }
      }
      catch ( System::IO::IOException^ ) 
      {
         System::Console::WriteLine(  "An I/O error occurs." );
      }
      catch ( System::Security::SecurityException^ ) 
      {
         System::Console::WriteLine(  "The caller does not have the \HelloServer'                  required permission." );
      }

   }

   void GetParent( String^ path )
   {
      try
      {
         System::IO::DirectoryInfo^ directoryInfo = System::IO::Directory::GetParent( path );
         System::Console::WriteLine( directoryInfo->FullName );
      }
      catch ( ArgumentNullException^ ) 
      {
         System::Console::WriteLine(  "Path is a null reference." );
      }
      catch ( ArgumentException^ ) 
      {
         System::Console::WriteLine(  "Path is an empty String, \HelloServer'                  contains only white spaces, or \HelloServer'                  contains invalid characters." );
      }

   }

   void Move( String^ sourcePath, String^ destinationPath )
   {
      try
      {
         System::IO::Directory::Move( sourcePath, destinationPath );
         System::Console::WriteLine(  "The directory move is complete." );
      }
      catch ( ArgumentNullException^ ) 
      {
         System::Console::WriteLine(  "Path is a null reference." );
      }
      catch ( System::Security::SecurityException^ ) 
      {
         System::Console::WriteLine(  "The caller does not have the \HelloServer'                  required permission." );
      }
      catch ( ArgumentException^ ) 
      {
         System::Console::WriteLine(  "Path is an empty String, \HelloServer'                  contains only white spaces, \HelloServer'                  or contains invalid characters." );
      }
      catch ( System::IO::IOException^ ) 
      {
         System::Console::WriteLine(  "An attempt was made to move a \HelloServer'                  directory to a different \HelloServer'                  volume, or destDirName \HelloServer'                  already exists." );
      }

   }

};

int main()
{
   Class1 * snippets = new Class1;
   String^ path = System::IO::Directory::GetCurrentDirectory();
   String^ filter =  "*.exe";
   snippets->PrintFileSystemEntries( path );
   snippets->PrintFileSystemEntries( path, filter );
   snippets->GetLogicalDrives();
   snippets->GetParent( path );
   snippets->Move(  "C:\\proof",  "C:\\Temp" );
   return 0;
}

using System;

namespace GetFileSystemEntries
{
    class Class1
    {
        static void Main(string[] args)
        {
            Class1 snippets = new Class1();

            string path = System.IO.Directory.GetCurrentDirectory();
            string filter = "*.exe";

            snippets.PrintFileSystemEntries(path);
            snippets.PrintFileSystemEntries(path, filter);		
            snippets.GetLogicalDrives();
            snippets.GetParent(path);
            snippets.Move("C:\\proof", "C:\\Temp");
        }

        void PrintFileSystemEntries(string path)
        {
            
            try
            {
                // Obtain the file system entries in the directory path.
                string[] directoryEntries =
                    System.IO.Directory.GetFileSystemEntries(path);

                foreach (string str in directoryEntries)
                {
                    System.Console.WriteLine(str);
                }
            }
            catch (ArgumentNullException)
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is a null reference.");
            }
            catch (System.Security.SecurityException)
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("The caller does not have the " +
                    "required permission.");
            }
            catch (ArgumentException)
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is an empty string, " +
                    "contains only white spaces, " +
                    "or contains invalid characters.");
            }
            catch (System.IO.DirectoryNotFoundException)
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("The path encapsulated in the " +
                    "Directory object does not exist.");
            }
        }
        void PrintFileSystemEntries(string path, string pattern)
        {
            try
            {
                // Obtain the file system entries in the directory
                // path that match the pattern.
                string[] directoryEntries =
                    System.IO.Directory.GetFileSystemEntries(path, pattern);

                foreach (string str in directoryEntries)
                {
                    System.Console.WriteLine(str);
                }
            }
            catch (ArgumentNullException)
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is a null reference.");
            }
            catch (System.Security.SecurityException)
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("The caller does not have the " +
                    "required permission.");
            }
            catch (ArgumentException)
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is an empty string, " +
                    "contains only white spaces, " +
                    "or contains invalid characters.");
            }
            catch (System.IO.DirectoryNotFoundException)
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("The path encapsulated in the " +
                    "Directory object does not exist.");
            }
        }

        // Print out all logical drives on the system.
        void GetLogicalDrives()
        {
            try
            {
                string[] drives = System.IO.Directory.GetLogicalDrives();

                foreach (string str in drives)
                {
                    System.Console.WriteLine(str);
                }
            }
            catch (System.IO.IOException)
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("An I/O error occurs.");
            }
            catch (System.Security.SecurityException)
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("The caller does not have the " +
                    "required permission.");
            }
        }
        void GetParent(string path)
        {
            try
            {
                System.IO.DirectoryInfo directoryInfo =
                    System.IO.Directory.GetParent(path);

                System.Console.WriteLine(directoryInfo.FullName);
            }
            catch (ArgumentNullException)
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is a null reference.");
            }
            catch (ArgumentException)
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is an empty string, " +
                    "contains only white spaces, or " +
                    "contains invalid characters.");
            }
        }
        void Move(string sourcePath, string destinationPath)
        {
            try
            {
                System.IO.Directory.Move(sourcePath, destinationPath);
                System.Console.WriteLine("The directory move is complete.");
            }
            catch (ArgumentNullException)
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is a null reference.");
            }
            catch (System.Security.SecurityException)
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("The caller does not have the " +
                    "required permission.");
            }
            catch (ArgumentException)
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is an empty string, " +
                    "contains only white spaces, " +
                    "or contains invalid characters.");	
            }
            catch (System.IO.IOException)
            {
                System.Console.WriteLine("An attempt was made to move a " +
                    "directory to a different " +
                    "volume, or destDirName " +
                    "already exists.");
            }
        }
    }
}

open System
open System.IO
open System.Security

let printFileSystemEntries path =
    try
        // Obtain the file system entries in the directory path.
        let directoryEntries = Directory.GetFileSystemEntries path

        for str in directoryEntries do
            printfn $"{str}"
    with 
    | :? ArgumentNullException ->
        printfn "Path is a null reference."
    | :? SecurityException ->
        printfn $"The caller does not have the required permission."
    | :? ArgumentException ->
        printfn $"Path is an empty string, contains only white spaces, or contains invalid characters."
    | :? DirectoryNotFoundException ->
        printfn $"The path encapsulated in the Directory object does not exist."

let printFileSystemEntriesPattern path pattern =
    try
        // Obtain the file system entries in the directory
        // path that match the pattern.
        let directoryEntries = Directory.GetFileSystemEntries(path, pattern)

        for str in directoryEntries do
            printfn $"{str}"
    with
    | :? ArgumentNullException -> printfn "Path is a null reference."
    | :? SecurityException -> printfn "The caller does not have the required permission."
    | :? ArgumentException -> printfn "Path is an empty string, contains only white spaces, or contains invalid characters."
    | :? DirectoryNotFoundException -> printfn "The path encapsulated in the Directory object does not exist."

// Print out all logical drives on the system.
let getLogicalDrives () =
    try
        let drives = Directory.GetLogicalDrives()

        for str in drives do
            printfn $"{str}"
    with
    | :? IOException -> printfn "An I/O error occurs."
    | :? SecurityException -> printfn "The caller does not have the required permission."

let getParent path =
    try
        let directoryInfo = Directory.GetParent path
        printfn $"{directoryInfo.FullName}"

    with
    | :? ArgumentNullException -> printfn "Path is a null reference."
    | :? ArgumentException -> printfn "Path is an empty string, contains only white spaces, or contains invalid characters."

let move sourcePath destinationPath =
    try
        Directory.Move(sourcePath, destinationPath)
        printfn "The directory move is complete."

    with
    | :? ArgumentNullException -> printfn "Path is a null reference."
    | :? SecurityException -> printfn "The caller does not have the required permission."
    | :? ArgumentException -> printfn "Path is an empty string, contains only white spaces, or contains invalid characters."
    | :? IOException -> printfn "An attempt was made to move a directory to a different volume, or destDirName already exists."

let path = Directory.GetCurrentDirectory()
let filter = "*.exe"

printFileSystemEntries path
printFileSystemEntriesPattern path filter
getLogicalDrives ()
getParent path
move "C:\\proof" "C:\\Temp"

Option Explicit On 
Option Strict On

Namespace GetFileSystemEntries
    Class Class1
        Overloads Shared Sub Main(ByVal args() As String)
            Dim snippets As New Class1()
            Dim path As String = System.IO.Directory.GetCurrentDirectory()
            Dim filter As String = "*.exe"
            snippets.PrintFileSystemEntries(path)
            snippets.PrintFileSystemEntries(path, filter)
            snippets.GetLogicalDrives()
            snippets.GetParent(path)
            snippets.Move("C:\proof", "C:\Temp")
        End Sub

        Sub PrintFileSystemEntries(ByVal path As String)
            Try
                ' Obtain the file system entries in the directory path.
                Dim directoryEntries As String()
                directoryEntries = System.IO.Directory.GetFileSystemEntries(path)
                Dim str As String
                For Each str In directoryEntries
                    System.Console.WriteLine(str)
                Next str
            Catch exp As ArgumentNullException
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is a null reference.")
            Catch exp As System.Security.SecurityException
                System.Console.WriteLine("The caller does not have the " + _
                                        "required permission.")
            Catch exp As ArgumentException
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is an empty string, " + _
                                        "contains only white spaces, " + _
                                        "or contains invalid characters.")
            Catch exp As System.IO.DirectoryNotFoundException
                System.Console.WriteLine("The path encapsulated in the " + _
                                        "Directory object does not exist.")
            End Try
        End Sub
        Sub PrintFileSystemEntries(ByVal path As String, _
                                   ByVal pattern As String)
            Try
                ' Obtain the file system entries in the directory
                ' path that match the pattern.
                Dim directoryEntries As String()
                directoryEntries = _
                   System.IO.Directory.GetFileSystemEntries(path, pattern)

                Dim str As String
                For Each str In directoryEntries
                    System.Console.WriteLine(str)
                Next str
            Catch exp As ArgumentNullException
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is a null reference.")
            Catch exp As System.Security.SecurityException
                System.Console.WriteLine("The caller does not have the " + _
                                        "required permission.")
            Catch exp As ArgumentException
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is an empty string, " + _
                                        "contains only white spaces, " + _
                                        "or contains invalid characters.")
            Catch exp As System.IO.DirectoryNotFoundException
                System.Console.WriteLine("The path encapsulated in the " + _
                                        "Directory object does not exist.")
            End Try
        End Sub

        ' Print out all logical drives on the system.
        Sub GetLogicalDrives()
            Try
                Dim drives As String()
                drives = System.IO.Directory.GetLogicalDrives()

                Dim str As String
                For Each str In drives
                    System.Console.WriteLine(str)
                Next str
            Catch exp As System.IO.IOException
                System.Console.WriteLine("An I/O error occurs.")
            Catch exp As System.Security.SecurityException
                System.Console.WriteLine("The caller does not have the " + _
                                           "required permission.")
            End Try
        End Sub
        Sub GetParent(ByVal path As String)
            Try
                Dim directoryInfo As System.IO.DirectoryInfo
                directoryInfo = System.IO.Directory.GetParent(path)
                System.Console.WriteLine(directoryInfo.FullName)
            Catch exp As ArgumentNullException
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is a null reference.")
            Catch exp As ArgumentException
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is an empty string, " + _
                                     "contains only white spaces, or " + _
                                     "contains invalid characters.")
            End Try
        End Sub
        Sub Move(ByVal sourcePath As String, ByVal destinationPath As String)
            Try
                System.IO.Directory.Move(sourcePath, destinationPath)
                System.Console.WriteLine("The directory move is complete.")
            Catch exp As ArgumentNullException
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is a null reference.")
            Catch exp As System.Security.SecurityException
                System.Console.WriteLine("The caller does not have the " + _
                                           "required permission.")
            Catch exp As ArgumentException
                System.Console.WriteLine("Path is an empty string, " + _
                                        "contains only white spaces, " + _
                                        "or contains invalid characters.")
            Catch exp As System.IO.IOException
                System.Console.WriteLine("An attempt was made to move a " + _
                                        "directory to a different " + _
                                        "volume, or destDirName " + _
                                        "already exists.")
            End Try
        End Sub
    End Class
End Namespace

備註

不保證傳回的檔案和目錄名稱順序;如果需要特定排序次序， Sort 請使用 方法。

searchPattern 可以是常值和萬用字元的組合，但不支援正則運算式。 在 中 searchPattern 允許下列萬用字元規範。

萬用字元規範	相符項
* (星號)	該位置中的零或多個字元。
? (問號)	該位置中只有一個字元。

萬用字元以外的字元是常值字元。 例如， searchPattern 字串 「*t」 會搜尋以字母 「t」 結尾的所有名稱 path 。 字串 「s*」 會 searchPattern 以字母 「s」 開頭搜尋所有名稱 path 。

searchPattern 不能以兩個句點結尾 (「。」) 或包含兩個句點 (「.」。) 後面接著 DirectorySeparatorChar 或 AltDirectorySeparatorChar ，也無法包含任何不正確字元。 您可以使用 GetInvalidPathChars 方法查詢無效字元。

注意

當您在 「*.txt」 之類的 中使用 searchPattern 星號萬用字元時，指定延伸模組中的字元數會影響搜尋，如下所示：

• 如果指定的延伸模組長度剛好三個字元，此方法會傳回副檔名開頭為指定副檔名的檔案。 例如，「*.xls」 會傳回 「book.xls」 和 「book.xlsx」。
• 在所有其他情況下，此方法會傳回完全符合指定副檔名的檔案。 例如，「*.ai」 會傳回 「file.ai」，但不會傳回 「file.aif」。

當您使用問號萬用字元時，此方法只會傳回符合指定副檔名的檔案。 例如，在目錄中指定兩個檔案 「file1.txt」 和 「file1.txtother」，「file？.txt」 的搜尋模式只會傳回第一個檔案，而 「file*.txt」 的搜尋模式則會傳回這兩個檔案。

允許 path 參數指定相對路徑或絕對路徑資訊。 相對路徑資訊會解譯為相對於目前的工作目錄。 若要取得目前的工作目錄，請參閱 GetCurrentDirectory 。

參數的 path 區分大小寫會對應至執行程式碼的檔案系統。 例如，在 NTFS 上不區分大小寫 (預設 Windows 檔案系統) 和 Linux 檔案系統上區分大小寫。

如需一般 I/O 工作的清單，請參閱 一般 I/O 工作。

另請參閱

• FileSystemInfo
• FileSystemWatcher
• 檔案和資料流 I/O
• 作法：讀取檔案中的文字
• 作法：將文字寫入檔案

GetFileSystemEntries(String, String, EnumerationOptions)

來源:

Directory.cs

傳回所指定路徑中符合搜尋模式與列舉選項之檔案名稱及目錄名稱的陣列。

public:
 static cli::array <System::String ^> ^ GetFileSystemEntries(System::String ^ path, System::String ^ searchPattern, System::IO::EnumerationOptions ^ enumerationOptions);

public static string[] GetFileSystemEntries (string path, string searchPattern, System.IO.EnumerationOptions enumerationOptions);

static member GetFileSystemEntries : string * string * System.IO.EnumerationOptions -> string[]

Public Shared Function GetFileSystemEntries (path As String, searchPattern As String, enumerationOptions As EnumerationOptions) As String()

參數

path

String

要搜尋之目錄的相對或絕對路徑。 這個字串不會區分大小寫。

searchPattern

String

要比對 path 中子目錄名稱的搜尋字串。 這個參數可以包含有效常值與萬用字元的組合，但是不支援規則運算式。

enumerationOptions

EnumerationOptions

物件，描述要使用的搜尋和列舉組態。

傳回

String[]

符合所指定搜尋模式與列舉選項之檔案名稱及目錄名稱的陣列，如果找不到任何檔案或目錄則為空陣列。

例外狀況

UnauthorizedAccessException

呼叫端沒有必要的權限。

ArgumentException

.NET Framework和 2.1 之前的 .NET Core 版本： path 是長度為零的字串、只包含空白字元，或包含一或多個無效字元。 您可以使用 GetInvalidPathChars() 方法查詢無效字元。

-或-

searchPattern 不包含有效模式。

ArgumentNullException

path 或 searchPattern 為 null。

PathTooLongException

指定的路徑、檔案名稱，或兩者都超出系統定義的長度上限。

IOException

path 為檔案名稱。

DirectoryNotFoundException

指定的路徑無效 (例如，它位於未對應的磁碟機上)。

備註

不保證傳回的檔案和目錄名稱順序;如果需要特定排序次序， Sort 請使用 方法。

searchPattern 可以是常值和萬用字元的組合，但不支援正則運算式。 在 中 searchPattern 允許下列萬用字元規範。

萬用字元規範	相符項
* (星號)	該位置中的零或多個字元。
? (問號)	該位置中只有一個字元。

萬用字元以外的字元是常值字元。 例如， searchPattern 字串 「*t」 會搜尋以字母 「t」 結尾的所有名稱 path 。 字串 searchPattern 「s*」 會搜尋以字母 「s」 開頭的所有名稱 path 。

searchPattern 不能以兩個句號結尾 (」。」) 或包含兩個 (句點」。」) 後面 DirectorySeparatorChar 接著 或 AltDirectorySeparatorChar ，也無法包含任何無效字元。 您可以使用 GetInvalidPathChars 方法查詢無效字元。

注意

當您在 「*.txt」 之類的 中使用 searchPattern 星號萬用字元時，指定副檔名中的字元數會影響搜尋，如下所示：

• 如果指定的副檔名剛好是三個字元長，此方法會傳回副檔名開頭為指定副檔名的檔案。 例如，「*.xls」 會同時傳回 「book.xls」 和 「book.xlsx」。
• 在其他所有情況下，方法會傳回完全符合指定副檔名的檔案。 例如，「*.ai」 會傳回 「file.ai」，但不會傳回 「file.aif」。

當您使用問號萬用字元時，這個方法只會傳回符合指定副檔名的檔案。 例如，假設在目錄中有兩個檔案 「file1.txt」 和 「file1.txtother」，則 「file？.txt」 的搜尋模式只會傳回第一個檔案，而 「file*.txt」 的搜尋模式則會傳回這兩個檔案。

允許 path 參數指定相對或絕對路徑資訊。 相對路徑資訊會解譯為相對於目前工作目錄。 若要取得目前的工作目錄，請參閱 GetCurrentDirectory 。

參數的 path 區分大小寫會對應至程式碼執行所在的檔案系統。 例如，在 NTFS 上不區分大小寫 (預設 Windows 檔案系統) 和 Linux 檔案系統上區分大小寫。

如需一般 I/O 工作的清單，請參閱 一般 I/O 工作。

GetFileSystemEntries(String, String, SearchOption)

來源:

Directory.cs

傳回指定之路徑中符合搜尋模式之所有檔名和目錄名稱的陣列，並選擇性地搜尋子目錄。

public:
 static cli::array <System::String ^> ^ GetFileSystemEntries(System::String ^ path, System::String ^ searchPattern, System::IO::SearchOption searchOption);

public static string[] GetFileSystemEntries (string path, string searchPattern, System.IO.SearchOption searchOption);

static member GetFileSystemEntries : string * string * System.IO.SearchOption -> string[]

Public Shared Function GetFileSystemEntries (path As String, searchPattern As String, searchOption As SearchOption) As String()

參數

path

String

要搜尋之目錄的相對或絕對路徑。 這個字串不會區分大小寫。

searchPattern

String

要比對 path 中檔案及目錄名稱的搜尋字串。 這個參數可以包含有效常值路徑與萬用 (* 和 ?) 字元的組合，但是不支援規則運算式。

searchOption

SearchOption

其中一個列舉值，該值會指定搜尋作業應該只包含目前目錄還是包含所有子目錄。 預設值是 TopDirectoryOnly。

傳回

String[]

檔案名稱及目錄名稱符合指定搜尋條件的檔案陣列，如果找不到檔案或目錄則為空陣列。

例外狀況

ArgumentException

.NET Framework和 2.1 之前的 .NET Core 版本： path 是長度為零的字串、只包含空白字元，或包含無效字元。 您可以使用 GetInvalidPathChars() 方法查詢無效字元。

-或-

searchPattern 不包含有效模式。

ArgumentNullException

path 為 null。

-或-

searchPattern 為 null。

ArgumentOutOfRangeException

searchOption 不是有效的 SearchOption 值。

DirectoryNotFoundException

path 無效，例如參考到未對應的磁碟機。

IOException

path 為檔案名稱。

PathTooLongException

指定的路徑、檔案名稱，或兩者合計超出系統定義的長度上限。

SecurityException

呼叫端沒有必要的權限。

UnauthorizedAccessException

呼叫端沒有必要的權限。

備註

不保證傳回檔案和目錄名稱的順序;如果需要特定排序次序，請使用 Sort 方法。

searchPattern 可以是常值和萬用字元的組合，但不支援正則運算式。 在 中 searchPattern 允許下列萬用字元規範。

萬用字元規範	相符項
* (星號)	該位置中的零或多個字元。
? (問號)	該位置中只有一個字元。

萬用字元以外的字元是常值字元。 例如， searchPattern 字串 「*t」 會搜尋以字母 「t」 結尾的所有名稱 path 。 字串 searchPattern 「s*」 會搜尋以字母 「s」 開頭的所有名稱 path 。

searchPattern 不能以兩個句號結尾 (」。」) 或包含兩個 (句點」。」) 後面 DirectorySeparatorChar 接著 或 AltDirectorySeparatorChar ，也無法包含任何無效字元。 您可以使用 GetInvalidPathChars 方法查詢無效字元。

注意

當您在 「*.txt」 之類的 中使用 searchPattern 星號萬用字元時，指定副檔名中的字元數會影響搜尋，如下所示：

• 如果指定的副檔名剛好是三個字元長，此方法會傳回副檔名開頭為指定副檔名的檔案。 例如，「*.xls」 會同時傳回 「book.xls」 和 「book.xlsx」。
• 在其他所有情況下，方法會傳回完全符合指定副檔名的檔案。 例如，「*.ai」 會傳回 「file.ai」，但不會傳回 「file.aif」。

當您使用問號萬用字元時，這個方法只會傳回符合指定副檔名的檔案。 例如，假設在目錄中有兩個檔案 「file1.txt」 和 「file1.txtother」，則 「file？.txt」 的搜尋模式只會傳回第一個檔案，而 「file*.txt」 的搜尋模式則會傳回這兩個檔案。

EnumerateFileSystemEntries和 GetFileSystemEntries 方法會如下所示：當您使用 EnumerateFileSystemEntries 時，可以在傳回整個集合之前開始列舉專案的集合;當您使用 GetFileSystemEntries 時，必須先等候傳回整個專案陣列，才能存取陣列。 因此，當您使用許多檔案和目錄時， EnumerateFileSystemEntries 可能會更有效率。

您可以使用 參數指定相對路徑資訊 path 。 相對路徑資訊會解譯為相對於目前工作目錄，您可以使用 方法來判斷 GetCurrentDirectory 。

另請參閱

• FileSystemWatcher