TypeBuilder.GetConstructor(Type, ConstructorInfo) Method
Definition
Important
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Returns the constructor of the specified constructed generic type that corresponds to the specified constructor of the generic type definition.
public:
static System::Reflection::ConstructorInfo ^ GetConstructor(Type ^ type, System::Reflection::ConstructorInfo ^ constructor);public static System.Reflection.ConstructorInfo GetConstructor (Type type, System.Reflection.ConstructorInfo constructor);static member GetConstructor : Type * System.Reflection.ConstructorInfo -> System.Reflection.ConstructorInfoPublic Shared Function GetConstructor (type As Type, constructor As ConstructorInfo) As ConstructorInfoParameters
- type
- Type
The constructed generic type whose constructor is returned.
- constructor
- ConstructorInfo
A constructor on the generic type definition of type, which specifies which constructor of type to return.
Returns
A ConstructorInfo object that represents the constructor of type corresponding to constructor, which specifies a constructor belonging to the generic type definition of type.
Exceptions
type does not represent a generic type.
-or-
type is not of type TypeBuilder.
-or-
The declaring type of constructor is not a generic type definition.
-or-
The declaring type of constructor is not the generic type definition of type.
Examples
The following code example contains source code for a generic class named Sample that has a type parameter named T. The class has a field named Field, of type T, and a generic method named GM with its own type parameter, named U. Method GM creates an instance of Sample, substituting its own type parameter U for the type parameter of Sample, and stores its input parameter in Field. This source code is compiled but not used; you can view it with the Ildasm.exe (IL Disassembler) and compare it to the code emitted by class Example.
The code in class Example demonstrates the use of the GetConstructor method to emit generic code. The Main method of class Example creates a dynamic assembly containing a class named Sample and uses the DefineGenericParameters method to make it generic by adding a type parameter named T. A parameterless constructor and a field named Field, of type T, are added to class Sample. A method GM is added and turned into a generic method by using the MethodBuilder.DefineGenericParameters method. The type parameter of GM is named U. After the type parameter is defined, the signature of GM is added by using the MethodBuilder.SetSignature method. There is no return type and no required or custom modifiers, so all the parameters of this method are null except parameterTypes; parameterTypes sets the type of the method's only parameter to U, the method's generic type parameter. The body of the method creates an instance of the constructed type Sample<U> (Sample(Of U) in Visual Basic), assigns the method's parameter to Field, and then prints the value of Field. The GetConstructor method is used to create a ConstructorInfo that represents the parameterless constructor of the constructed generic type Sample<U> in the OpCodes.Newobj instruction that creates the instance.
A dummy type is defined to hold the entry-point method Main. In the body of Main, the static GM method is invoked on the constructed generic type Sample<int> (Sample(Of Integer) in Visual Basic), with type String substituted for U.
When the code example is run, it saves the emitted assembly as TypeBuilderGetFieldExample.exe. You can run TypeBuilderGetFieldExample.exe, and you can use the Ildasm.exe (IL Disassembler) to compare the emitted code with the code for the Sample class that is compiled into the code example itself.
using System;
using System.Reflection;
using System.Reflection.Emit;
// Compare the MSIL in this class to the MSIL
// generated by the Reflection.Emit code in class
// Example.
public class Sample<T>
{
public T Field;
public static void GM<U>(U val)
{
Sample<U> s = new Sample<U>();
s.Field = val;
Console.WriteLine(s.Field);
}
}
public class Example
{
public static void Main()
{
AppDomain myDomain = AppDomain.CurrentDomain;
AssemblyName myAsmName =
new AssemblyName("TypeBuilderGetFieldExample");
AssemblyBuilder myAssembly = myDomain.DefineDynamicAssembly(
myAsmName, AssemblyBuilderAccess.Save);
ModuleBuilder myModule = myAssembly.DefineDynamicModule(
myAsmName.Name,
myAsmName.Name + ".exe");
// Define the sample type.
TypeBuilder myType = myModule.DefineType("Sample",
TypeAttributes.Class | TypeAttributes.Public);
// Add a type parameter, making the type generic.
string[] typeParamNames = {"T"};
GenericTypeParameterBuilder[] typeParams =
myType.DefineGenericParameters(typeParamNames);
// Define a default constructor. Normally it would
// not be necessary to define the default constructor,
// but in this case it is needed for the call to
// TypeBuilder.GetConstructor, which gets the default
// constructor for the generic type constructed from
// Sample<T>, in the generic method GM<U>.
ConstructorBuilder ctor = myType.DefineDefaultConstructor(
MethodAttributes.PrivateScope | MethodAttributes.Public |
MethodAttributes.HideBySig | MethodAttributes.SpecialName |
MethodAttributes.RTSpecialName);
// Add a field of type T, with the name Field.
FieldBuilder myField = myType.DefineField("Field",
typeParams[0],
FieldAttributes.Public);
// Add a method and make it generic, with a type
// parameter named U. Note how similar this is to
// the way Sample is turned into a generic type. The
// method has no signature, because the type of its
// only parameter is U, which is not yet defined.
MethodBuilder genMethod = myType.DefineMethod("GM",
MethodAttributes.Public | MethodAttributes.Static);
string[] methodParamNames = {"U"};
GenericTypeParameterBuilder[] methodParams =
genMethod.DefineGenericParameters(methodParamNames);
// Now add a signature for genMethod, specifying U
// as the type of the parameter. There is no return value
// and no custom modifiers.
genMethod.SetSignature(null, null, null,
new Type[] { methodParams[0] }, null, null);
// Emit a method body for the generic method.
ILGenerator ilg = genMethod.GetILGenerator();
// Construct the type Sample<U> using MakeGenericType.
Type SampleOfU = myType.MakeGenericType( methodParams[0] );
// Create a local variable to store the instance of
// Sample<U>.
ilg.DeclareLocal(SampleOfU);
// Call the default constructor. Note that it is
// necessary to have the default constructor for the
// constructed generic type Sample<U>; use the
// TypeBuilder.GetConstructor method to obtain this
// constructor.
ConstructorInfo ctorOfU = TypeBuilder.GetConstructor(
SampleOfU, ctor);
ilg.Emit(OpCodes.Newobj, ctorOfU);
// Store the instance in the local variable; load it
// again, and load the parameter of genMethod.
ilg.Emit(OpCodes.Stloc_0);
ilg.Emit(OpCodes.Ldloc_0);
ilg.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_0);
// In order to store the value in the field of the
// instance of Sample<U>, it is necessary to have
// a FieldInfo representing the field of the
// constructed type. Use TypeBuilder.GetField to
// obtain this FieldInfo.
FieldInfo FieldOfU = TypeBuilder.GetField(
SampleOfU, myField);
// Store the value in the field.
ilg.Emit(OpCodes.Stfld, FieldOfU);
// Load the instance, load the field value, box it
// (specifying the type of the type parameter, U), and
// print it.
ilg.Emit(OpCodes.Ldloc_0);
ilg.Emit(OpCodes.Ldfld, FieldOfU);
ilg.Emit(OpCodes.Box, methodParams[0]);
MethodInfo writeLineObj =
typeof(Console).GetMethod("WriteLine",
new Type[] { typeof(object) });
ilg.EmitCall(OpCodes.Call, writeLineObj, null);
ilg.Emit(OpCodes.Ret);
// Emit an entry point method; this must be in a
// non-generic type.
TypeBuilder dummy = myModule.DefineType("Dummy",
TypeAttributes.Class | TypeAttributes.NotPublic);
MethodBuilder entryPoint = dummy.DefineMethod("Main",
MethodAttributes.Public | MethodAttributes.Static,
null, null);
ilg = entryPoint.GetILGenerator();
// In order to call the static generic method GM, it is
// necessary to create a constructed type from the
// generic type definition for Sample. This can be any
// constructed type; in this case Sample<int> is used.
Type SampleOfInt =
myType.MakeGenericType( typeof(int) );
// Next get a MethodInfo representing the static generic
// method GM on type Sample<int>.
MethodInfo SampleOfIntGM = TypeBuilder.GetMethod(SampleOfInt,
genMethod);
// Next get a MethodInfo for GM<string>, which is the
// instantiation of GM that Main calls.
MethodInfo GMOfString =
SampleOfIntGM.MakeGenericMethod( typeof(string) );
// Finally, emit the call. Push a string onto
// the stack, as the argument for the generic method.
ilg.Emit(OpCodes.Ldstr, "Hello, world!");
ilg.EmitCall(OpCodes.Call, GMOfString, null);
ilg.Emit(OpCodes.Ret);
myType.CreateType();
dummy.CreateType();
myAssembly.SetEntryPoint(entryPoint);
myAssembly.Save(myAsmName.Name + ".exe");
Console.WriteLine(myAsmName.Name + ".exe has been saved.");
}
}
Imports System.Reflection
Imports System.Reflection.Emit
' Compare the MSIL in this class to the MSIL
' generated by the Reflection.Emit code in class
' Example.
Public Class Sample(Of T)
Public Field As T
Public Shared Sub GM(Of U)(ByVal val As U)
Dim s As New Sample(Of U)
s.Field = val
Console.WriteLine(s.Field)
End Sub
End Class
Public Class Example
Public Shared Sub Main()
Dim myDomain As AppDomain = AppDomain.CurrentDomain
Dim myAsmName As New AssemblyName("TypeBuilderGetFieldExample")
Dim myAssembly As AssemblyBuilder = _
myDomain.DefineDynamicAssembly(myAsmName, _
AssemblyBuilderAccess.Save)
Dim myModule As ModuleBuilder = _
myAssembly.DefineDynamicModule(myAsmName.Name, _
myAsmName.Name & ".exe")
' Define the sample type.
Dim myType As TypeBuilder = myModule.DefineType( _
"Sample", _
TypeAttributes.Class Or TypeAttributes.Public)
' Add a type parameter, making the type generic.
Dim typeParamNames() As String = { "T" }
Dim typeParams As GenericTypeParameterBuilder() = _
myType.DefineGenericParameters(typeParamNames)
' Define a default constructor. Normally it would
' not be necessary to define the default constructor,
' but in this case it is needed for the call to
' TypeBuilder.GetConstructor, which gets the default
' constructor for the generic type constructed from
' Sample(Of T), in the generic method GM(Of U).
Dim ctor As ConstructorBuilder = _
myType.DefineDefaultConstructor( _
MethodAttributes.PrivateScope Or MethodAttributes.Public _
Or MethodAttributes.HideBySig Or MethodAttributes.SpecialName _
Or MethodAttributes.RTSpecialName)
' Add a field of type T, with the name Field.
Dim myField As FieldBuilder = myType.DefineField( _
"Field", typeParams(0), FieldAttributes.Public)
' Add a method and make it generic, with a type
' parameter named U. Note how similar this is to
' the way Sample is turned into a generic type. The
' method has no signature, because the type of its
' only parameter is U, which is not yet defined.
Dim genMethod As MethodBuilder = _
myType.DefineMethod("GM", _
MethodAttributes.Public Or MethodAttributes.Static)
Dim methodParamNames() As String = { "U" }
Dim methodParams As GenericTypeParameterBuilder() = _
genMethod.DefineGenericParameters(methodParamNames)
' Now add a signature for genMethod, specifying U
' as the type of the parameter. There is no return value
' and no custom modifiers.
genMethod.SetSignature(Nothing, Nothing, Nothing, _
New Type() { methodParams(0) }, Nothing, Nothing)
' Emit a method body for the generic method.
Dim ilg As ILGenerator = genMethod.GetILGenerator()
' Construct the type Sample(Of U) using MakeGenericType.
Dim SampleOfU As Type = _
myType.MakeGenericType(methodParams(0))
' Create a local variable to store the instance of
' Sample(Of U).
ilg.DeclareLocal(SampleOfU)
' Call the default constructor. Note that it is
' necessary to have the default constructor for the
' constructed generic type Sample(Of U); use the
' TypeBuilder.GetConstructor method to obtain this
' constructor.
Dim ctorOfU As ConstructorInfo = _
TypeBuilder.GetConstructor(SampleOfU, ctor)
ilg.Emit(OpCodes.Newobj, ctorOfU)
' Store the instance in the local variable; load it
' again, and load the parameter of genMethod.
ilg.Emit(OpCodes.Stloc_0)
ilg.Emit(OpCodes.Ldloc_0)
ilg.Emit(OpCodes.Ldarg_0)
' In order to store the value in the field of the
' instance of Sample(Of U), it is necessary to have
' a FieldInfo representing the field of the
' constructed type. Use TypeBuilder.GetField to
' obtain this FieldInfo.
Dim FieldOfU As FieldInfo = _
TypeBuilder.GetField(SampleOfU, myField)
' Store the value in the field.
ilg.Emit(OpCodes.Stfld, FieldOfU)
' Load the instance, load the field value, box it
' (specifying the type of the type parameter, U),
' and print it.
ilg.Emit(OpCodes.Ldloc_0)
ilg.Emit(OpCodes.Ldfld, FieldOfU)
ilg.Emit(OpCodes.Box, methodParams(0))
Dim writeLineObj As MethodInfo = _
GetType(Console).GetMethod("WriteLine", _
New Type() {GetType(Object)})
ilg.EmitCall(OpCodes.Call, writeLineObj, Nothing)
ilg.Emit(OpCodes.Ret)
' Emit an entry point method; this must be in a
' non-generic type.
Dim dummy As TypeBuilder = _
myModule.DefineType("Dummy", _
TypeAttributes.Class Or TypeAttributes.NotPublic)
Dim entryPoint As MethodBuilder = _
dummy.DefineMethod("Main", _
MethodAttributes.Public Or MethodAttributes.Static, _
Nothing, Nothing)
ilg = entryPoint.GetILGenerator()
' In order to call the static generic method GM, it is
' necessary to create a constructed type from the
' generic type definition for Sample. This can be ANY
' constructed type; in this case Sample(Of Integer)
' is used.
Dim SampleOfInt As Type = _
myType.MakeGenericType(GetType(Integer))
' Next get a MethodInfo representing the static generic
' method GM on type Sample(Of Integer).
Dim SampleOfIntGM As MethodInfo = _
TypeBuilder.GetMethod(SampleOfInt, genMethod)
' Next get a MethodInfo for GM(Of String), which is the
' instantiation of generic method GM that is called
' by Sub Main.
Dim GMOfString As MethodInfo = _
SampleOfIntGM.MakeGenericMethod(GetType(String))
' Finally, emit the call. Push a string onto
' the stack, as the argument for the generic method.
ilg.Emit(OpCodes.Ldstr, "Hello, world!")
ilg.EmitCall(OpCodes.Call, GMOfString, Nothing)
ilg.Emit(OpCodes.Ret)
myType.CreateType()
dummy.CreateType()
myAssembly.SetEntryPoint(entryPoint)
myAssembly.Save(myAsmName.Name & ".exe")
Console.WriteLine(myAsmName.Name & ".exe has been saved.")
End Sub
End Class
Remarks
The GetConstructor method provides a way to get a ConstructorInfo object that represents a constructor of a constructed generic type whose generic type definition is represented by a TypeBuilder object.
For example, suppose you have a TypeBuilder object that represents the type G<T> in C# syntax (G(Of T) in Visual Basic, generic <T> ref class G in C++) and a ConstructorBuilder object that represents a constructor of G<T>. Suppose that G<T> has a generic method with type parameter U that creates an instance of the constructed type G<U>. In order to emit the code to create an instance of the constructed type, you need a ConstructorInfo object that represents the constructor of this constructed type - in other words, that creates an instance of G<U>. To do this, first call the MakeGenericType method on the TypeBuilder object, specifying the GenericTypeParameterBuilder object that represents U as the type argument. Then call the GetConstructor method with the return value of the MakeGenericType method as parameter type and the ConstructorBuilder object that represents the constructor of G<U> as parameter constructor. The return value is the ConstructorInfo object you need to emit the function call. The code example demonstrates this scenario.
