Array.Exists<T>(T[], Predicate<T>) Method
Definition
Important
Some information relates to prerelease product that may be substantially modified before it’s released. Microsoft makes no warranties, express or implied, with respect to the information provided here.
Determines whether the specified array contains elements that match the conditions defined by the specified predicate.
public:
generic <typename T>
static bool Exists(cli::array <T> ^ array, Predicate<T> ^ match);public static bool Exists<T> (T[] array, Predicate<T> match);static member Exists : 'T[] * Predicate<'T> -> boolPublic Shared Function Exists(Of T) (array As T(), match As Predicate(Of T)) As BooleanType Parameters
- T
The type of the elements of the array.
Parameters
- array
- T[]
The one-dimensional, zero-based Array to search.
- match
- Predicate<T>
The Predicate<T> that defines the conditions of the elements to search for.
Returns
true if array contains one or more elements that match the conditions defined by the specified predicate; otherwise, false.
Exceptions
Examples
The following example specifies the match conditions for the Exists method using lambda expressions to check whether a planet starts with a given letter or whether the planet is found on the given array.
using System;
namespace Example
{
class Program
{
static void Main(string[] args)
{
string[] planets = { "Mercury", "Venus",
"Earth", "Mars", "Jupiter",
"Saturn", "Uranus", "Neptune" };
Console.WriteLine("One or more planets begin with 'M': {0}",
Array.Exists(planets, element => element.StartsWith("M")));
Console.WriteLine("One or more planets begin with 'T': {0}",
Array.Exists(planets, element => element.StartsWith("T")));
Console.WriteLine("Is Pluto one of the planets? {0}",
Array.Exists(planets, element => element == "Pluto"));
}
}
}
// The example displays the following output:
// One or more planets begin with 'M': True
// One or more planets begin with 'T': False
// Is Pluto one of the planets? False
open System
let planets =
[| "Mercury"; "Venus"
"Earth"; "Mars"; "Jupiter"
"Saturn"; "Uranus"; "Neptune" |]
Array.Exists(planets, fun element -> element.StartsWith "M")
|> printfn "One or more planets begin with 'M': %O"
Array.Exists(planets, fun element -> element.StartsWith "T")
|> printfn "One or more planets begin with 'T': %O"
Array.Exists(planets, fun element -> element = "Pluto")
|> printfn "Is Pluto one of the planets? %O"
// The example displays the following output:
// One or more planets begin with 'M': True
// One or more planets begin with 'T': False
// Is Pluto one of the planets? False
Module Example
Public Sub Main()
Dim planets() As String = {"Mercury", "Venus",
"Earth", "Mars", "Jupiter",
"Saturn", "Uranus", "Neptune"}
Console.WriteLine("One or more planets begin with 'M': {0}",
Array.Exists(planets, Function(element)
Return element.StartsWith("M")
End Function))
Console.WriteLine("One or more planets begin with 'T': {0}",
Array.Exists(planets, Function(element)
Return element.StartsWith("T")
End Function))
Console.WriteLine("Is Pluto one of the planets? {0}",
Array.Exists(planets, Function(element)
Return element.Equals("Pluto")
End Function))
End Sub
End Module
' The example displays the following output:
' One or more planets begin with 'M': True
' One or more planets begin with 'T': False
' Is Pluto one of the planets? False
The following example uses the Exists method to indicate whether any names in a string array begin with a specified character. The example instantiates a StringSearcher object by passing the string to search for to its class constructor. The StringSearcher.StartsWith method has same signature as the Predicate<T> delegate. When the Exists method is called, each member of the array is passed to the delegate until it returns true or iterates all the elements in the array.
using System;
public class Example
{
public static void Main()
{
String[] names = { "Adam", "Adel", "Bridgette", "Carla",
"Charles", "Daniel", "Elaine", "Frances",
"George", "Gillian", "Henry", "Irving",
"James", "Janae", "Lawrence", "Miguel",
"Nicole", "Oliver", "Paula", "Robert",
"Stephen", "Thomas", "Vanessa",
"Veronica", "Wilberforce" };
Char[] charsToFind = { 'A', 'K', 'W', 'Z' };
foreach (var charToFind in charsToFind)
Console.WriteLine("One or more names begin with '{0}': {1}",
charToFind,
Array.Exists(names, (new StringSearcher(charToFind)).StartsWith));
}
}
public class StringSearcher
{
char firstChar;
public StringSearcher(char firstChar)
{
this.firstChar = char.ToUpper(firstChar);
}
public bool StartsWith(string s)
{
if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(s)) return false;
if(s.Substring(0, 1).ToUpper() == firstChar.ToString())
return true;
else
return false;
}
}
// The example displays the following output:
// One or more names begin with 'A': True
// One or more names begin with 'K': False
// One or more names begin with 'W': True
// One or more names begin with 'Z': False
open System
type StringSearcher(firstChar) =
member _.StartsWith(s) =
if String.IsNullOrEmpty s then
false
else
s.Substring(0, 1).ToUpper() = string firstChar
let names =
[| "Adam"; "Adel"; "Bridgette"; "Carla";
"Charles"; "Daniel"; "Elaine"; "Frances"
"George"; "Gillian"; "Henry"; "Irving"
"James"; "Janae"; "Lawrence"; "Miguel"
"Nicole"; "Oliver"; "Paula"; "Robert"
"Stephen"; "Thomas"; "Vanessa"
"Veronica"; "Wilberforce" |]
let charsToFind = [ 'A'; 'K'; 'W'; 'Z' ]
for char in charsToFind do
let exists = Array.Exists(names, fun x -> StringSearcher(char).StartsWith x)
// let exists = Array.exists (StringSearcher(char).StartsWith) names
printfn $"One or more names begin with '{char}': {exists}"
// The example displays the following output:
// One or more names begin with 'A': True
// One or more names begin with 'K': False
// One or more names begin with 'W': True
// One or more names begin with 'Z': False
Module Example
Public Sub Main()
Dim names() As String = { "Adam", "Adel", "Bridgette", "Carla",
"Charles", "Daniel", "Elaine", "Frances",
"George", "Gillian", "Henry", "Irving",
"James", "Janae", "Lawrence", "Miguel",
"Nicole", "Oliver", "Paula", "Robert",
"Stephen", "Thomas", "Vanessa",
"Veronica", "Wilberforce" }
Dim charsToFind() As Char = { "A"c, "K"c, "W"c, "Z"c }
For Each charToFind In charsToFind
Console.WriteLine("One or more names begin with '{0}': {1}",
charToFind,
Array.Exists(names, AddressOf (New StringSearcher(charToFind)).StartsWith))
Next
End Sub
End Module
Public Class StringSearcher
Dim firstChar As Char
Public Sub New(firstChar As Char)
Me.firstChar = Char.ToUpper(firstChar)
End Sub
Public Function StartsWith(s As String) As Boolean
If String.IsNullOrEmpty(s) Then Return False
If s.Substring(0, 1).ToUpper = firstChar Then
Return True
Else
Return False
End If
End Function
End Class
' The example displays the following output:
' One or more names begin with 'A': True
' One or more names begin with 'K': False
' One or more names begin with 'W': True
' One or more names begin with 'Z': False
You can also use a lambda expression rather than explicitly define a method whose signature corresponds to that of the delegate. The following example replaces the StringSearcher class and its StartsWith method with a lambda expression.
using System;
public class Example
{
public static void Main()
{
String[] names = { "Adam", "Adel", "Bridgette", "Carla",
"Charles", "Daniel", "Elaine", "Frances",
"George", "Gillian", "Henry", "Irving",
"James", "Janae", "Lawrence", "Miguel",
"Nicole", "Oliver", "Paula", "Robert",
"Stephen", "Thomas", "Vanessa",
"Veronica", "Wilberforce" };
Char[] charsToFind = { 'A', 'K', 'W', 'Z' };
foreach (var charToFind in charsToFind)
Console.WriteLine("One or more names begin with '{0}': {1}",
charToFind,
Array.Exists(names,
s => { if (string.IsNullOrEmpty(s))
return false;
if (s.Substring(0, 1).ToUpper() == charToFind.ToString())
return true;
else
return false;
} ));
}
}
// The example displays the following output:
// One or more names begin with 'A': True
// One or more names begin with 'K': False
// One or more names begin with 'W': True
// One or more names begin with 'Z': False
open System
let names =
[| "Adam"; "Adel"; "Bridgette"; "Carla";
"Charles"; "Daniel"; "Elaine"; "Frances"
"George"; "Gillian"; "Henry"; "Irving"
"James"; "Janae"; "Lawrence"; "Miguel"
"Nicole"; "Oliver"; "Paula"; "Robert"
"Stephen"; "Thomas"; "Vanessa"
"Veronica"; "Wilberforce" |]
let charsToFind = [ 'A'; 'K'; 'W'; 'Z' ]
for char in charsToFind do
let exists =
Array.Exists(names, fun s ->
if String.IsNullOrEmpty s then false
else s.Substring(0, 1).ToUpper() = string char)
printfn $"One or more names begin with '{char}': {exists}"
// The example displays the following output:
// One or more names begin with 'A': True
// One or more names begin with 'K': False
// One or more names begin with 'W': True
// One or more names begin with 'Z': False
Module Example
Public Sub Main()
Dim names() As String = { "Adam", "Adel", "Bridgette", "Carla",
"Charles", "Daniel", "Elaine", "Frances",
"George", "Gillian", "Henry", "Irving",
"James", "Janae", "Lawrence", "Miguel",
"Nicole", "Oliver", "Paula", "Robert",
"Stephen", "Thomas", "Vanessa",
"Veronica", "Wilberforce" }
Dim charsToFind() As Char = { "A"c, "K"c, "W"c, "Z"c }
For Each charToFind In charsToFind
Console.WriteLine("One or more names begin with '{0}': {1}",
charToFind,
Array.Exists(names, Function(s)
If String.IsNullOrEmpty(s) Then Return False
If s.Substring(0, 1).ToUpper = charToFind Then
Return True
Else
Return False
End If
End Function ))
Next
End Sub
End Module
' The example displays the following output:
' One or more names begin with 'A': True
' One or more names begin with 'K': False
' One or more names begin with 'W': True
' One or more names begin with 'Z': False
Remarks
The Predicate<T> is a delegate to a method that returns true if the object passed to it matches the conditions defined in the delegate. The elements of array are individually passed to the Predicate<T>, and processing is stopped when a match is found.
Note
In C# and Visual Basic, it is not necessary to create the Predicate<T> delegate explicitly. These languages infer the correct delegate from context and create it automatically. In F#, functions and lambda expressions are implicitly converted.
This method is an O(n) operation, where n is the Length of array.
Applies to
See also
Współpracuj z nami w serwisie GitHub
Źródło tej zawartości można znaleźć w witrynie GitHub, gdzie można również tworzyć i przeglądać problemy i żądania ściągnięcia. Więcej informacji znajdziesz w naszym przewodniku dla współtwórców.
