RedisPubSubTrigger for Azure Functions

Bài viết
07/12/2024

Redis features publish/subscribe functionality that enables messages to be sent to Redis and broadcast to subscribers.

For more information about Azure Cache for Redis triggers and bindings, Redis Extension for Azure Functions.

Scope of availability for functions triggers

Tier	Basic	Standard, Premium	Enterprise, Enterprise Flash
Pub/Sub Trigger	Yes	Yes	Yes

Warning

This trigger isn't supported on a consumption plan because Redis PubSub requires clients to always be actively listening to receive all messages. For consumption plans, your function might miss certain messages published to the channel.

Important

The Node.js v4 model for Functions isn't yet supported by the Azure Cache for Redis extension. For more details about how the v4 model works, refer to the Azure Functions Node.js developer guide. To learn more about the differences between v3 and v4, refer to the migration guide.

Important

The Python v2 model for Functions isn't yet supported by the Azure Cache for Redis extension. For more details about how the v2 model works, refer to the Azure Functions Python developer guide.

Examples

Execution model	Description
Isolated worker model	Your function code runs in a separate .NET worker process. Use with supported versions of .NET and .NET Framework. To learn more, see Develop .NET isolated worker process functions.
In-process model	Your function code runs in the same process as the Functions host process. Supports only Long Term Support (LTS) versions of .NET. To learn more, see Develop .NET class library functions.

Important

For .NET functions, using the isolated worker model is recommended over the in-process model. For a comparison of the in-process and isolated worker models, see differences between the isolated worker model and the in-process model for .NET on Azure Functions.

Isolated worker model
In-process model

This sample listens to the channel pubsubTest.

using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;

namespace Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker.Extensions.Redis.Samples.RedisPubSubTrigger
{
    internal class SimplePubSubTrigger
    {
        private readonly ILogger<SimplePubSubTrigger> logger;

        public SimplePubSubTrigger(ILogger<SimplePubSubTrigger> logger)
        {
            this.logger = logger;
        }

        [Function(nameof(SimplePubSubTrigger))]
        public void Run(
            [RedisPubSubTrigger(Common.connectionStringSetting, "pubsubTest")] string message)
        {
            logger.LogInformation(message);
        }
    }
}

This sample listens to any keyspace notifications for the key keyspaceTest.

using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;

namespace Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker.Extensions.Redis.Samples.RedisPubSubTrigger
{
    internal class KeyspaceTrigger
    {
        private readonly ILogger<KeyspaceTrigger> logger;

        public KeyspaceTrigger(ILogger<KeyspaceTrigger> logger)
        {
            this.logger = logger;
        }

        [Function(nameof(KeyspaceTrigger))]
        public void Run(
            [RedisPubSubTrigger(Common.connectionStringSetting, "__keyspace@0__:keyspaceTest")] string message)
        {
            logger.LogInformation(message);
        }
    }
}

This sample listens to any keyevent notifications for the delete command DEL.

using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;

namespace Microsoft.Azure.Functions.Worker.Extensions.Redis.Samples.RedisPubSubTrigger
{
    internal class KeyeventTrigger
    {
        private readonly ILogger<KeyeventTrigger> logger;

        public KeyeventTrigger(ILogger<KeyeventTrigger> logger)
        {
            this.logger = logger;
        }

        [Function(nameof(KeyeventTrigger))]
        public void Run(
            [RedisPubSubTrigger(Common.connectionStringSetting, "__keyevent@0__:del")] string message)
        {
            logger.LogInformation($"Key '{message}' deleted.");
        }
    }
}

Important

Support will end for the in-process model on November 10, 2026. We highly recommend that you migrate your apps to the isolated worker model for full support.

This sample listens to the channel pubsubTest.

using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;

namespace Microsoft.Azure.WebJobs.Extensions.Redis.Samples.RedisPubSubTrigger
{
    internal class SimplePubSubTrigger
    {
        [FunctionName(nameof(SimplePubSubTrigger))]
        public static void Run(
            [RedisPubSubTrigger(Common.connectionStringSetting, "pubsubTest")] string message,
            ILogger logger)
        {
            logger.LogInformation(message);
        }
    }
}

This sample listens to any keyspace notifications for the key keyspaceTest.


using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;

namespace Microsoft.Azure.WebJobs.Extensions.Redis.Samples.RedisPubSubTrigger
{
    internal class KeyspaceTrigger
    {
        [FunctionName(nameof(KeyspaceTrigger))]
        public static void Run(
            [RedisPubSubTrigger(Common.connectionStringSetting, "__keyspace@0__:keyspaceTest")] string message,
            ILogger logger)
        {
            logger.LogInformation(message);
        }
    }
}

This sample listens to any keyevent notifications for the delete command DEL.

using Microsoft.Extensions.Logging;

namespace Microsoft.Azure.WebJobs.Extensions.Redis.Samples.RedisPubSubTrigger
{
    internal class KeyeventTrigger
    {
        [FunctionName(nameof(KeyeventTrigger))]
        public static void Run(
            [RedisPubSubTrigger(Common.connectionStringSetting, "__keyevent@0__:del")] string message,
            ILogger logger)
        {
            logger.LogInformation($"Key '{message}' deleted.");
        }
    }
}

This sample listens to the channel pubsubTest.

package com.function.RedisPubSubTrigger;

import com.microsoft.azure.functions.*;
import com.microsoft.azure.functions.annotation.*;
import com.microsoft.azure.functions.redis.annotation.*;

public class SimplePubSubTrigger {
    @FunctionName("SimplePubSubTrigger")
    public void run(
            @RedisPubSubTrigger(
                name = "req",
                connection = "redisConnectionString",
                channel = "pubsubTest",
                pattern = false)
                String message,
            final ExecutionContext context) {
            context.getLogger().info(message);
    }
}

This sample listens to any keyspace notifications for the key myKey.

package com.function.RedisPubSubTrigger;

import com.microsoft.azure.functions.*;
import com.microsoft.azure.functions.annotation.*;
import com.microsoft.azure.functions.redis.annotation.*;

public class KeyspaceTrigger {
    @FunctionName("KeyspaceTrigger")
    public void run(
            @RedisPubSubTrigger(
                name = "req",
                connection = "redisConnectionString",
                channel = "__keyspace@0__:keyspaceTest",
                pattern = false)
                String message,
            final ExecutionContext context) {
            context.getLogger().info(message);
    }
}

This sample listens to any keyevent notifications for the delete command DEL.

package com.function.RedisPubSubTrigger;

import com.microsoft.azure.functions.*;
import com.microsoft.azure.functions.annotation.*;
import com.microsoft.azure.functions.redis.annotation.*;

public class KeyeventTrigger {
    @FunctionName("KeyeventTrigger")
    public void run(
            @RedisPubSubTrigger(
                name = "req",
                connection = "redisConnectionString",
                channel = "__keyevent@0__:del",
                pattern = false)
                String message,
            final ExecutionContext context) {
            context.getLogger().info(message);
    }
}

Model v3
Model v4

This sample uses the same index.js file, with binding data in the function.json file determining on which channel the trigger occurs.

Here's the index.js file:

module.exports = async function (context, message) {
    context.log(message);
}

From function.json:

Here's binding data to listen to the channel pubsubTest.

{
  "bindings": [
    {
      "type": "redisPubSubTrigger",
      "connection": "redisConnectionString",
      "channel": "pubsubTest",
      "pattern": false,
      "name": "message",
      "direction": "in"
    }
  ],
  "scriptFile": "index.js"
}

Here's binding data to listen to keyspace notifications for the key keyspaceTest.

{
  "bindings": [
    {
      "type": "redisPubSubTrigger",
      "connection": "redisConnectionString",
      "channel": "__keyspace@0__:keyspaceTest",
      "pattern": false,
      "name": "message",
      "direction": "in"
    }
  ],
  "scriptFile": "index.js"
}

Here's binding data to listen to keyevent notifications for the delete command DEL.

{
  "bindings": [
    {
      "type": "redisPubSubTrigger",
      "connection": "redisConnectionString",
      "channel": "__keyevent@0__:del",
      "pattern": false,
      "name": "message",
      "direction": "in"
    }
  ],
  "scriptFile": "index.js"
}

This sample uses the same run.ps1 file, with binding data in the function.json file determining on which channel the trigger occurs.

Here's the run.ps1 file:

param($message, $TriggerMetadata)
Write-Host $message

From function.json:

Here's binding data to listen to the channel pubsubTest.

{
  "bindings": [
    {
      "type": "redisPubSubTrigger",
      "connection": "redisConnectionString",
      "channel": "pubsubTest",
      "pattern": false,
      "name": "message",
      "direction": "in"
    }
  ],
  "scriptFile": "run.ps1"
}

Here's binding data to listen to keyspace notifications for the key keyspaceTest.

{
  "bindings": [
    {
      "type": "redisPubSubTrigger",
      "connection": "redisConnectionString",
      "channel": "__keyspace@0__:keyspaceTest",
      "pattern": false,
      "name": "message",
      "direction": "in"
    }
  ],
  "scriptFile": "run.ps1"
}

Here's binding data to listen to keyevent notifications for the delete command DEL.

{
  "bindings": [
    {
      "type": "redisPubSubTrigger",
      "connection": "redisConnectionString",
      "channel": "__keyevent@0__:del",
      "pattern": false,
      "name": "message",
      "direction": "in"
    }
  ],
  "scriptFile": "run.ps1"
}

The Python v1 programming model requires you to define bindings in a separate function.json file in the function folder. For more information, see the Python developer guide.

This sample uses the same __init__.py file, with binding data in the function.json file determining on which channel the trigger occurs.

Here's the __init__.py file:

import logging

def main(message: str):
    logging.info(message)

From function.json:

Here's binding data to listen to the channel pubsubTest.

{
  "bindings": [
    {
      "type": "redisPubSubTrigger",
      "connection": "redisConnectionString",
      "channel": "pubsubTest",
      "pattern": false,
      "name": "message",
      "direction": "in"
    }
  ],
  "scriptFile": "__init__.py"
}

Here's binding data to listen to keyspace notifications for the key keyspaceTest.

{
  "bindings": [
    {
      "type": "redisPubSubTrigger",
      "connection": "redisConnectionString",
      "channel": "__keyspace@0__:keyspaceTest",
      "pattern": false,
      "name": "message",
      "direction": "in"
    }
  ],
  "scriptFile": "__init__.py"
}

Here's binding data to listen to keyevent notifications for the delete command DEL.

{
  "bindings": [
    {
      "type": "redisPubSubTrigger",
      "connection": "redisConnectionString",
      "channel": "__keyevent@0__:del",
      "pattern": false,
      "name": "message",
      "direction": "in"
    }
  ],
  "scriptFile": "__init__.py"
}

Attributes

Parameter	Description	Required	Default
`Connection`	The name of the application setting that contains the cache connection string, such as: `<cacheName>.redis.cache.windows.net:6380,password...`	Yes
`Channel`	The pub sub channel that the trigger should listen to. Supports glob-style channel patterns. This field can be resolved using `INameResolver`.	Yes

Annotations

Parameter	Description	Required
`name`	Name of the variable holding the value returned by the function.	Yes
`connection`	The name of the application setting that contains the cache connection string, such as: `<cacheName>.redis.cache.windows.net:6380,password...`	Yes
`channel`	The pub sub channel that the trigger should listen to. Supports glob-style channel patterns.	Yes

Configuration

function.json property	Description	Required
`type`	Trigger type. For the pub sub trigger, the type is `redisPubSubTrigger`.	Yes
`connection`	The name of the application setting that contains the cache connection string, such as: `<cacheName>.redis.cache.windows.net:6380,password...`	Yes
`channel`	Name of the pub sub channel that is being subscribed to.	Yes
`pattern`	A boolean to indicate the given channel uses pattern mathching. If `pattern` is true, then the channel is treated like a glob-style pattern instead of as a literal.	Yes
`name`	Name of the variable holding the value returned by the function.	Yes
`direction`	Must be set to `in`.	Yes

Important

The connection parameter does not hold the Redis cache connection string itself. Instead, it points to the name of the environment variable that holds the connection string. This makes the application more secure. For more information, see Redis connection string.

Usage

Redis features publish/subscribe functionality that enables messages to be sent to Redis and broadcast to subscribers. The RedisPubSubTrigger enables Azure Functions to be triggered on pub/sub activity. The RedisPubSubTriggersubscribes to a specific channel pattern using PSUBSCRIBE, and surfaces messages received on those channels to the function.

Prerequisites and limitations

The RedisPubSubTrigger isn't capable of listening to keyspace notifications on clustered caches.
Basic tier functions don't support triggering on keyspace or keyevent notifications through the RedisPubSubTrigger.
The RedisPubSubTrigger isn't supported on a consumption plan because Redis PubSub requires clients to always be actively listening to receive all messages. For consumption plans, your function might miss certain messages published to the channel.
Functions with the RedisPubSubTrigger shouldn't be scaled out to multiple instances. Each instance listens and processes each pub sub message, resulting in duplicate processing.

Warning

Triggering on keyspace notifications

Redis offers a built-in concept called keyspace notifications. When enabled, this feature publishes notifications of a wide range of cache actions to a dedicated pub/sub channel. Supported actions include actions that affect specific keys, called keyspace notifications, and specific commands, called keyevent notifications. A huge range of Redis actions are supported, such as SET, DEL, and EXPIRE. The full list can be found in the keyspace notification documentation.

The keyspace and keyevent notifications are published with the following syntax:

PUBLISH __keyspace@0__:<affectedKey> <command>
PUBLISH __keyevent@0__:<affectedCommand> <key>

Because these events are published on pub/sub channels, the RedisPubSubTrigger is able to pick them up. See the RedisPubSubTrigger section for more examples.

Important

In Azure Cache for Redis, keyspace events must be enabled before notifications are published. For more information, see Advanced Settings.

Type	Description
`string`	The channel message serialized as JSON (UTF-8 encoded for byte types) in the format that follows.
`Custom`	The trigger uses Json.NET serialization to map the message from the channel into the given custom type.

JSON string format

{
  "SubscriptionChannel":"__keyspace@0__:*",
  "Channel":"__keyspace@0__:mykey",
  "Message":"set"
}

Type	Description
`string`	The channel message serialized as JSON (UTF-8 encoded for byte types) in the format that follows.
`Custom`	The trigger uses Json.NET serialization to map the message from the channel from a `string` into a custom type.

{
  "SubscriptionChannel":"__keyspace@0__:*",
  "Channel":"__keyspace@0__:mykey",
  "Message":"set"
}

Chia sẻ qua

RedisPubSubTrigger for Azure Functions

Scope of availability for functions triggers

Examples

Attributes

Annotations

Configuration

Usage

Prerequisites and limitations

Triggering on keyspace notifications

Phản hồi

Tài nguyên bổ sung

Chia sẻ qua

RedisPubSubTrigger for Azure Functions

Scope of availability for functions triggers

Examples

Attributes

Annotations

Configuration

Usage

Prerequisites and limitations

Triggering on keyspace notifications

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