EncoderReplacementFallback 类

定义

命名空间:

System.Text

程序集:

netstandard.dll, System.Runtime.dll

Source:

EncoderReplacementFallback.cs

为无法转换为输出字节序列的输入字符提供失败处理机制（称为回退）。 回退使用用户指定的替换字符串而不是原始输入字符。 此类不能被继承。

public ref class EncoderReplacementFallback sealed : System::Text::EncoderFallback

public sealed class EncoderReplacementFallback : System.Text.EncoderFallback

type EncoderReplacementFallback = class
    inherit EncoderFallback

Public NotInheritable Class EncoderReplacementFallback
Inherits EncoderFallback

继承

Object

EncoderFallback

EncoderReplacementFallback

示例

下面的示例演示了该 EncoderReplacementFallback 类。

// This example demonstrates the EncoderReplacementFallback class.

using System;
using System.Text;

class Sample
{
    public static void Main()
    {

// Create an encoding, which is equivalent to calling the
// ASCIIEncoding class constructor.
// The EncoderReplacementFallback parameter specifies that the
// string, "(unknown)", replace characters that cannot be encoded.
// A decoder replacement fallback is also specified, but in this
// code example the decoding operation cannot fail.

    Encoding ae = Encoding.GetEncoding(
                  "us-ascii",
                  new EncoderReplacementFallback("(unknown)"),
                  new DecoderReplacementFallback("(error)"));

// The input string consists of the Unicode characters LEFT POINTING
// DOUBLE ANGLE QUOTATION MARK (U+00AB), 'X' (U+0058), and RIGHT POINTING
// DOUBLE ANGLE QUOTATION MARK (U+00BB).
// The encoding can only encode characters in the US-ASCII range of U+0000
// through U+007F. Consequently, the characters bracketing the 'X' character
// are replaced with the fallback replacement string, "(unknown)".

    string inputString = "\u00abX\u00bb";
    string decodedString;
    string twoNewLines = "\n\n";
    byte[] encodedBytes = new byte[ae.GetByteCount(inputString)];
    int numberOfEncodedBytes = 0;
    int ix = 0;

// --------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Display the name of the encoding.
    Console.WriteLine("The name of the encoding is \"{0}\".\n", ae.WebName);

// Display the input string in text.
    Console.WriteLine("Input string ({0} characters): \"{1}\"",
                       inputString.Length, inputString);

// Display the input string in hexadecimal.
    Console.Write("Input string in hexadecimal: ");
    foreach (char c in inputString.ToCharArray())
        {
        Console.Write("0x{0:X2} ", (int)c);
        }
    Console.Write(twoNewLines);

// --------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Encode the input string.

    Console.WriteLine("Encode the input string...");
    numberOfEncodedBytes = ae.GetBytes(inputString, 0, inputString.Length,
                                       encodedBytes, 0);

// Display the encoded bytes.
    Console.WriteLine("Encoded bytes in hexadecimal ({0} bytes):\n",
                       numberOfEncodedBytes);
    ix = 0;
    foreach (byte b in encodedBytes)
        {
        Console.Write("0x{0:X2} ", (int)b);
        ix++;
        if (0 == ix % 6) Console.WriteLine();
        }
    Console.Write(twoNewLines);

// --------------------------------------------------------------------------
// Decode the encoded bytes, yielding a reconstituted string.

    Console.WriteLine("Decode the encoded bytes...");
    decodedString = ae.GetString(encodedBytes);

// Display the input string and the decoded string for comparison.
    Console.WriteLine("Input string:  \"{0}\"", inputString);
    Console.WriteLine("Decoded string:\"{0}\"", decodedString);
    }
}
/*
This code example produces the following results:

The name of the encoding is "us-ascii".

Input string (3 characters): "«X»"
Input string in hexadecimal: 0xAB 0x58 0xBB

Encode the input string...
Encoded bytes in hexadecimal (19 bytes):

0x28 0x75 0x6E 0x6B 0x6E 0x6F
0x77 0x6E 0x29 0x58 0x28 0x75
0x6E 0x6B 0x6E 0x6F 0x77 0x6E
0x29

Decode the encoded bytes...
Input string:  "«X»"
Decoded string:"(unknown)X(unknown)"

*/

' This example demonstrates the EncoderReplacementFallback class.
Imports System.Text

Class Sample
    Public Shared Sub Main() 
        
        ' Create an encoding, which is equivalent to calling the 
        ' ASCIIEncoding class constructor. 
        ' The EncoderReplacementFallback parameter specifies that the 
        ' string, "(unknown)", replace characters that cannot be encoded. 
        ' A decoder replacement fallback is also specified, but in this 
        ' code example the decoding operation cannot fail.  

        Dim erf As New EncoderReplacementFallback("(unknown)")
        Dim drf As New DecoderReplacementFallback("(error)")
        Dim ae As Encoding = Encoding.GetEncoding("us-ascii", erf, drf)
        
        ' The input string consists of the Unicode characters LEFT POINTING 
        ' DOUBLE ANGLE QUOTATION MARK (U+00AB), 'X' (U+0058), and RIGHT POINTING 
        ' DOUBLE ANGLE QUOTATION MARK (U+00BB). 
        ' The encoding can only encode characters in the US-ASCII range of U+0000 
        ' through U+007F. Consequently, the characters bracketing the 'X' character
        ' are replaced with the fallback replacement string, "(unknown)".

        Dim inputString As String = "«X»"
        Dim decodedString As String
        Dim twoNewLines As String = vbCrLf & vbCrLf
        Dim ix As Integer = 0
        Dim numberOfEncodedBytes As Integer = ae.GetByteCount(inputString)
        ' Counteract the compiler adding an extra byte to the array.
        Dim encodedBytes(numberOfEncodedBytes - 1) As Byte
        
        ' --------------------------------------------------------------------------
        ' Display the name of the encoding.
        Console.WriteLine("The name of the encoding is ""{0}""." & vbCrLf, ae.WebName)
        
        ' Display the input string in text.
        Console.WriteLine("Input string ({0} characters): ""{1}""", _
                           inputString.Length, inputString)
        
        ' Display the input string in hexadecimal. 
        ' Each element is converted to an integer with Convert.ToInt32.
        Console.Write("Input string in hexadecimal: ")
        Dim c As Char
        For Each c In inputString.ToCharArray()
            Console.Write("0x{0:X2} ", Convert.ToInt32(c))
        Next c
        Console.Write(twoNewLines)
        
        ' --------------------------------------------------------------------------
        ' Encode the input string. 
        Console.WriteLine("Encode the input string...")
        numberOfEncodedBytes = ae.GetBytes(inputString, 0, inputString.Length, _
                                           encodedBytes, 0)
        
        ' Display the encoded bytes. 
        ' Each element is converted to an integer with Convert.ToInt32.
        Console.WriteLine("Encoded bytes in hexadecimal ({0} bytes):" & vbCrLf, _
                           numberOfEncodedBytes)
        ix = 0
        Dim b As Byte
        For Each b In encodedBytes
            Console.Write("0x{0:X2} ", Convert.ToInt32(b))
            ix += 1
            If 0 = ix Mod 6 Then
                Console.WriteLine()
            End If
        Next b
        Console.Write(twoNewLines)
        
        ' --------------------------------------------------------------------------
        ' Decode the encoded bytes, yielding a reconstituted string.
        Console.WriteLine("Decode the encoded bytes...")
        decodedString = ae.GetString(encodedBytes)
        
        ' Display the input string and the decoded string for comparison.
        Console.WriteLine("Input string:  ""{0}""", inputString)
        Console.WriteLine("Decoded string:""{0}""", decodedString)
    
    End Sub
End Class
'
'This code example produces the following results:
'
'The name of the encoding is "us-ascii".
'
'Input string (3 characters): "X"
'Input string in hexadecimal: 0xAB 0x58 0xBB
'
'Encode the input string...
'Encoded bytes in hexadecimal (19 bytes):
'
'0x28 0x75 0x6E 0x6B 0x6E 0x6F
'0x77 0x6E 0x29 0x58 0x28 0x75
'0x6E 0x6B 0x6E 0x6F 0x77 0x6E
'0x29
'
'Decode the encoded bytes...
'Input string:  "X"
'Decoded string:"(unknown)X(unknown)"
'

注解

编码或解码操作失败的一个常见原因是基础编码类不提供字符和等效字节序列之间的映射。 例如，对象 ASCIIEncoding 无法对字符进行编码，该字符的 Unicode 代码点值超出 U+0000 到 U+007F 的范围。 如果无法将输入字符转换为输出字节序列，则 EncoderReplacementFallback 对象将替换原始输入字符的指定替换字符串。 转换过程对替换字符串进行编码，然后继续处理原始输入的其余部分。

对象的替换字符串 EncoderReplacementFallback 由对其类构造函数的调用决定。 两个选项可用：

• 替换为默认字符。 如果调用 EncoderReplacementFallback() 构造函数，则替换字符为“？”（U+003F）。

• 用所选字符串替换。 如果调用 EncoderReplacementFallback(String) 构造函数，则提供替换字符串。

如果选择用于此类的回退字符串，请确保该字符串完全由可在目标编码中编码的字符组成。 否则，将产生递归回退结果，导致 ArgumentException.

此类是两个.NET框架类之一，用于实现不同的回退策略来处理编码转换失败。 另一个类是 EncoderExceptionFallback 类，在遇到无效字符时引发 EncoderFallbackException 该类。

构造函数

名称	说明
EncoderReplacementFallback()	初始化 EncoderReplacementFallback 类的新实例。
EncoderReplacementFallback(String)	使用指定的替换字符串初始化类的新实例 EncoderReplacementFallback 。

属性

名称	说明
DefaultString	获取作为对象值的 EncoderReplacementFallback 替换字符串。
MaxCharCount	获取对象的 EncoderReplacementFallback 替换字符串中的字符数。

方法

名称	说明
CreateFallbackBuffer()	创建使用 EncoderFallbackBuffer 此 EncoderReplacementFallback 对象的替换字符串初始化的对象。
Equals(Object)	指示指定对象的值是否等于该 EncoderReplacementFallback 对象。
GetHashCode()	检索对象的值的 EncoderReplacementFallback 哈希代码。
GetType()	获取当前实例的 Type。 (继承自 Object)
MemberwiseClone()	创建当前 Object的浅表副本。 (继承自 Object)
ToString()	返回一个表示当前对象的字符串。 (继承自 Object)

另请参阅

• EncoderReplacementFallbackBuffer
• EncoderReplacementFallback
• DefaultString
• 了解编码