创建请求订阅

项目
10/05/2023

适用于：SQL Server Azure SQL 托管实例

本主题说明如何通过使用 SQL Server Management Studio、Transact-SQL 或复制管理对象 (RMO) 在 SQL Server 中创建请求订阅。

可以通过脚本设置 P2P 复制的请求订阅，但是不能通过向导这样做。

使用 SQL Server Management Studio

使用新建订阅向导在发布服务器或订阅服务器中创建请求订阅。按照向导中的页的指示执行下列操作：

指定发布服务器和发布。
选择运行复制代理的位置。对于请求订阅，根据发布类型的不同，请在 “分发代理位置” 页或 “合并代理位置” 页上选择 “在其订阅服务器上运行每个代理(请求订阅)” 。
指定订阅服务器和订阅数据库。
指定复制代理建立连接所用的登录名和密码：
- 对于快照发布和事务发布的订阅，在 “分发代理安全性” 页上指定凭据。
- 对于合并发布的订阅，在 “合并代理安全性” 页上指定凭据。
有关每个代理所需权限的信息，请参阅 R复制代理安全模式。
指定同步计划和初始化订阅服务器的时间。
指定合并发布的其他选项：订阅类型；参数化筛选值；如果发布启用了 Web 同步，则还需指定要通过 HTTPS 同步的信息。
指定允许更新订阅的事务发布的其他选项：订阅服务器是立即在发布服务器上提交更改还是将它们写入队列、用于从订阅服务器连接到发布服务器的凭据。
还可以编写订阅的脚本（可选）。

从发布服务器创建请求订阅

在 Microsoft SQL Server Management Studio 中连接到发布服务器，然后展开服务器节点。
展开 “复制” 文件夹，再展开 “本地发布” 文件夹。
右键单击要为其创建一个或多个订阅的发布，然后单击 “新建订阅”。
完成新建订阅向导中的页。

从订阅服务器创建请求订阅

在 SQL Server Management Studio 中连接到订阅服务器，然后展开服务器节点。
展开 “复制” 文件夹。
右键单击 “本地订阅” 文件夹，再单击 “新建订阅”。
在新建订阅向导的“发布”页上，从“发布服务器”下拉列表中选择<查找 SQL Server 发布服务器> 或 <查找 Oracle 发布服务器>。
在 “连接到服务器” 对话框中连接到发布服务器。
在 “发布” 页上，选择一个发布。
完成新建订阅向导中的页。

“使用 Transact-SQL”

可以使用复制存储过程以编程方式创建请求订阅。所用的存储过程取决于订阅所属的发布的类型。

创建快照或事务发布的请求订阅

在发布服务器上，通过执行 sp_helppublication (Transact-SQL) 验证发布是否支持请求订阅。
- 如果结果集中 allow_pull 的值为 1，则发布支持请求订阅。
- 如果 allow_pull 的值为 0，则执行 sp_changepublication (Transact-SQL)，将 @property 指定为 allow_pull，将 @value 指定为 true。
在订阅服务器上，执行 sp_addpullsubscription (Transact-SQL)。指定 @publisher 和 @publication。有关更新订阅的信息，请参阅创建事务发布的可更新订阅。
在订阅服务器上，执行 sp_addpullsubscription_agent (Transact-SQL)。指定以下项目：
- @publisher、@publisher_db 和 @publication 参数。
- 订阅服务器中的分发代理运行时所使用的 @job_login 和 @job_password 指定的 Microsoft Windows 凭据。
  
  注意
  
  使用 Windows 集成身份验证进行的连接始终使用由 @job_login 和 @job_password指定的 Windows 凭据。分发代理始终使用 Windows 集成身份验证与订阅服务器建立本地连接。默认情况下，该代理将使用 Windows 集成身份验证连接到分发服务器。
- （可选）@distributor_security_mode 的值为 0 以及 SQL Server 登录信息为 @distributor_login 和 @distributor_password，如果需要在连接到分发服务器时使用 SQL Server 身份验证，请指定这些参数。
- 该订阅的分发代理作业计划。有关详细信息，请参阅 Specify Synchronization Schedules。
在发布服务器上，执行 sp_addsubscription (Transact-SQL) 以注册请求订阅。指定 @publication、 @subscriber和 @destination_db。将 @subscription_type 的值指定为 pull。

创建合并发布的请求订阅

在发布服务器上，通过执行 sp_helpmergepublication (Transact-SQL) 验证发布是否支持请求订阅。
- 如果结果集中 allow_pull 的值为 1，则发布支持请求订阅。
- 如果 allow_pull 的值为 0，则执行 sp_changemergepublication (Transact-SQL)，将 @property 指定为 allow_pull，将 @value 指定为 true。
在订阅服务器上，执行 sp_addmergepullsubscription (Transact-SQL)。指定 @publisher、@publisher_db、@publication 以及下列参数：
- @subscriber_type - 对于客户端订阅指定 local，对于服务器订阅指定 global。
- @subscription_priority – 指定订阅的优先级（从 0.00 到 99.99）。只有服务器订阅要求指定优先级。
  
  有关详细信息，请参阅高级合并复制冲突的检测和解决。
在订阅服务器上，执行 sp_addmergepullsubscription_agent (Transact-SQL)。指定下列参数：
- @publisher、@publisher_db 和 @publication。
- 订阅服务器中的合并代理运行时所使用的 @job_login 和 @job_password 指定的 Windows 凭据。
  
  注意
  
  使用 Windows 集成身份验证进行的连接始终使用由 @job_login 和 @job_password指定的 Windows 凭据。合并代理始终使用 Windows 集成身份验证与订阅服务器进行本地连接。默认情况下，该代理将使用 Windows 集成身份验证连接到分发服务器和发布服务器。
- （可选）@distributor_security_mode 的值为 0 以及 SQL Server 登录信息为 @distributor_login 和 @distributor_password，如果需要在连接到分发服务器时使用 SQL Server 身份验证，请指定这些参数。
- （可选）@publisher_security_mode 的值为 0 以及 SQL Server 登录信息为 @publisher_login 和 @publisher_password，如果需要在连接到发布服务器时使用 SQL Server 身份验证，请指定这些参数。
- 该订阅的合并代理作业计划。有关详细信息，请参阅创建事务发布的可更新订阅。
在发布服务器上，执行 sp_addmergesubscription (Transact-SQL)。指定 @publication、 @subscriber、 @subscriber_db，并将 @subscription_type 的值指定为 pull。这样便可注册请求订阅。

示例 (Transact-SQL)

以下示例创建事务发布的请求订阅。第一个批处理在订阅服务器中执行，第二个批处理在发布服务器中执行。在运行时使用 sqlcmd 脚本变量提供登录名和密码值。

-- This script uses sqlcmd scripting variables. They are in the form  
-- $(MyVariable). For information about how to use scripting variables    
-- on the command line and in SQL Server Management Studio, see the   
-- "Executing Replication Scripts" section in the topic  
-- "Programming Replication Using System Stored Procedures".  
  
-- Execute this batch at the Subscriber.  
DECLARE @publication AS sysname;  
DECLARE @publisher AS sysname;  
DECLARE @publicationDB AS sysname;  
SET @publication = N'AdvWorksProductTran';  
SET @publisher = $(PubServer);  
SET @publicationDB = N'AdventureWorks';  
  
-- At the subscription database, create a pull subscription   
-- to a transactional publication.  
USE [AdventureWorksReplica]  
EXEC sp_addpullsubscription   
  @publisher = @publisher,   
  @publication = @publication,   
  @publisher_db = @publicationDB;  
  
-- Add an agent job to synchronize the pull subscription.  
EXEC sp_addpullsubscription_agent   
  @publisher = @publisher,   
  @publisher_db = @publicationDB,   
  @publication = @publication,   
  @distributor = @publisher,   
  @job_login = $(Login),   
  @job_password = $(Password);  
GO

-- This script uses sqlcmd scripting variables. They are in the form  
-- $(MyVariable). For information about how to use scripting variables    
-- on the command line and in SQL Server Management Studio, see the   
-- "Executing Replication Scripts" section in the topic  
-- "Programming Replication Using System Stored Procedures".  
  
-- Execute this batch at the Publisher.  
DECLARE @publication AS sysname;  
DECLARE @subscriber AS sysname;  
DECLARE @subscriptionDB AS sysname;  
SET @publication = N'AdvWorksProductTran';  
SET @subscriber = $(SubServer);  
SET @subscriptionDB = N'AdventureWorksReplica';  
  
-- At the Publisher, register the subscription, using the defaults.  
EXEC sp_addsubscription   
  @publication = @publication,   
  @subscriber = @subscriber,   
  @destination_db = @subscriptionDB,   
  @subscription_type = N'pull',  
  @status = N'subscribed';  
GO

以下示例创建合并发布的请求订阅。第一个批处理在订阅服务器中执行，第二个批处理在发布服务器中执行。在运行时使用 sqlcmd 脚本变量提供登录名和密码值。

-- This script uses sqlcmd scripting variables. They are in the form  
-- $(MyVariable). For information about how to use scripting variables    
-- on the command line and in SQL Server Management Studio, see the   
-- "Executing Replication Scripts" section in the topic  
-- "Programming Replication Using System Stored Procedures".  
  
-- Execute this batch at the Subscriber.  
DECLARE @publication AS sysname;  
DECLARE @publisher AS sysname;  
DECLARE @publicationDB AS sysname;  
DECLARE @hostname AS sysname;  
SET @publication = N'AdvWorksSalesOrdersMerge';  
SET @publisher = $(PubServer);  
SET @publicationDB = N'AdventureWorks';  
SET @hostname = N'adventure-works\david8';  
  
-- At the subscription database, create a pull subscription   
-- to a merge publication.  
USE [AdventureWorksReplica]  
EXEC sp_addmergepullsubscription   
  @publisher = @publisher,   
  @publication = @publication,   
  @publisher_db = @publicationDB;  
  
-- Add an agent job to synchronize the pull subscription.   
EXEC sp_addmergepullsubscription_agent   
  @publisher = @publisher,   
  @publisher_db = @publicationDB,   
  @publication = @publication,   
  @distributor = @publisher,   
  @job_login = $(Login),   
  @job_password = $(Password),  
  @hostname = @hostname;  
GO

-- Execute this batch at the Publisher.  
DECLARE @myMergePub  AS sysname;  
DECLARE @mySub       AS sysname;  
DECLARE @mySubDB     AS sysname;  
  
SET @myMergePub = N'AdvWorksSalesOrdersMerge';  
SET @mySub = N'MYSUBSERVER';  
SET @mySubDB = N'AdventureWorksReplica';  
  
-- At the Publisher, register the subscription, using the defaults.  
USE [AdventureWorks]  
EXEC sp_addmergesubscription @publication = @myMergePub,   
@subscriber = @mySub, @subscriber_db = @mySubDB,   
@subscription_type = N'pull';  
GO

使用复制管理对象 (RMO)

用于创建请求订阅的 RMO 类取决于订阅所属的发布的类型。

创建快照或事务发布的请求订阅

使用 ServerConnection 类创建与订阅服务器和发布服务器的连接。
使用步骤 1 中的发布服务器连接，创建 TransPublication 类的实例。指定 Name、 DatabaseName 和 ConnectionContext。
调用 LoadProperties 方法。如果该方法返回 false，则表示步骤 2 中指定的属性不正确，或者服务器中不存在发布。
在 Attributes 属性和 AllowPull 之间执行逻辑位与（在 Visual C# 中为 & ，在 Visual Basic 中为 And。如果结果为 None，则将 Attributes 设置为| 属性和 Or 之间的逻辑位或（在 Visual C# 中为 Attributes ，将 AllowPull。然后，调用 CommitPropertyChanges 以启用请求订阅。
如果订阅数据库不存在，则使用 Database 类创建该数据库。有关详细信息，请参阅创建、更改和删除数据库。
创建 TransPullSubscription 类的一个实例。
设置下列订阅属性：
- 在步骤 1 中为 ServerConnection 创建的订阅服务器的 ConnectionContext。
- 用于 DatabaseName的订阅数据库的名称。
- 用于 PublisherName的发布服务器的名称。
- 用于 PublicationDBName的发布数据库的名称。
- 用于 PublicationName的发布的名称。
- SynchronizationAgentProcessSecurity 的 Login 和 Password 字段，用以提供分发代理在订阅服务器中运行时所使用的 Windows 帐户凭据。该帐户用于与订阅服务器进行本地连接，同时还用于使用 Windows 身份验证进行远程连接。
  
  注意
  
  当 SynchronizationAgentProcessSecurity 固定服务器角色的成员创建订阅时，不需要设置 P:Microsoft.SqlServer.Replication.PullSubscription.SynchronizationAgentProcessSecurity ，尽管建议这样做。在这种情况下，代理会模拟 SQL Server Agent 帐户。有关详细信息，请参阅复制代理安全模式。
- （可选） \@value 指定为 CreateSyncAgentByDefault 值，用于创建用来同步订阅的代理作业。如果您指定了 false （默认值），则只能以编程的方式同步订阅，如果您通过 TransSynchronizationAgent 属性访问该对象，则必须指定 SynchronizationAgent 的其他属性。有关详细信息，请参阅 Synchronize a Pull Subscription。
  
  注意
  
  并不是所有版本的 Microsoft SQL Server 都提供 SQL Server 代理。有关 SQL Server 各个版次支持的功能列表，请参阅 SQL Server 2022 的各个版次及其支持的功能。当您将 Express Edition 订阅服务器的值指定为 true 时，便不会创建代理作业。但是，与订阅相关的重要元数据存储在订阅服务器中。
- （可选）在使用 SQL Server 身份验证连接到分发服务器时设置 SqlStandardLogin 的 SqlStandardPassword 和 SecureSqlStandardPassword 或 DistributorSecurity 字段。
调用 Create 方法。
使用步骤 2 中的 TransPublication 类的实例调用 MakePullSubscriptionWellKnown 方法以向发布服务器注册请求订阅。如果此注册已经存在，则会发生异常。

创建合并发布的请求订阅

使用 ServerConnection 类创建与订阅服务器和发布服务器的连接。
使用步骤 1 中的发布服务器连接，创建 MergePublication 类的实例。指定 Name、 DatabaseName和 ConnectionContext。
调用 LoadProperties 方法。如果该方法返回 false，则表示步骤 2 中指定的属性不正确，或者服务器中不存在发布。
在 Attributes 属性和 AllowPull 之间执行逻辑位与（在 Visual C# 中为 & ，在 Visual Basic 中为 And。如果结果为 None，则将 Attributes 设置为| 属性和 Or 之间的逻辑位或（在 Visual C# 中为 Attributes ，将 AllowPull。然后，调用 CommitPropertyChanges 以启用请求订阅。
如果订阅数据库不存在，则使用 Database 类创建该数据库。有关详细信息，请参阅创建、更改和删除数据库。
创建 MergePullSubscription 类的一个实例。
设置下列订阅属性：
- 在步骤 1 中为 ServerConnection 创建的订阅服务器的 ConnectionContext。
- 用于 DatabaseName的订阅数据库的名称。
- 用于 PublisherName的发布服务器的名称。
- 用于 PublicationDBName的发布数据库的名称。
- 用于 PublicationName的发布的名称。
- SynchronizationAgentProcessSecurity 的 Login 和 Password 字段，用以提供合并代理在订阅服务器中运行时所使用的 Microsoft Windows 帐户的凭据。该帐户用于与订阅服务器进行本地连接，同时还用于使用 Windows 身份验证进行远程连接。
  
  注意
  
  当 SynchronizationAgentProcessSecurity 固定服务器角色的成员创建订阅时，不需要设置 P:Microsoft.SqlServer.Replication.PullSubscription.SynchronizationAgentProcessSecurity ，尽管建议这样做。在这种情况下，代理会模拟 SQL Server Agent 帐户。有关详细信息，请参阅复制代理安全模式。
- （可选） \@value 指定为 CreateSyncAgentByDefault 值，用于创建用来同步订阅的代理作业。如果您指定了 false （默认值），则只能以编程的方式同步订阅，如果您通过 MergeSynchronizationAgent 属性访问该对象，则必须指定 SynchronizationAgent 的其他属性。有关详细信息，请参阅 Synchronize a Pull Subscription。
- （可选）在使用 SQL Server 身份验证连接到分发服务器时设置 SqlStandardLogin 的 SqlStandardPassword 和 SecureSqlStandardPassword 或 DistributorSecurity 字段。
- （可选）在使用 SQL Server 身份验证连接到发布服务器时设置 SqlStandardLogin 的 SqlStandardPassword 和 SecureSqlStandardPassword 或 PublisherSecurity 字段。
调用 Create 方法。
使用步骤 2 中的 MergePublication 类的实例调用 MakePullSubscriptionWellKnown 方法以向发布服务器注册请求订阅。如果此注册已经存在，则会发生异常。

示例 (RMO)

该示例创建事务发布的请求订阅。用于创建分发代理作业的 Microsoft Windows 帐户凭据在运行时通过。

// Define the Publisher, publication, and databases.  
string publicationName = "AdvWorksProductTran";  
string publisherName = publisherInstance;  
string subscriberName = subscriberInstance;  
string subscriptionDbName = "AdventureWorksReplica";  
string publicationDbName = "AdventureWorks";  
  
//Create connections to the Publisher and Subscriber.  
ServerConnection subscriberConn = new ServerConnection(subscriberName);  
ServerConnection publisherConn = new ServerConnection(publisherName);  
  
// Create the objects that we need.  
TransPublication publication;  
TransPullSubscription subscription;  
  
try  
{  
    // Connect to the Publisher and Subscriber.  
    subscriberConn.Connect();  
    publisherConn.Connect();  
  
    // Ensure that the publication exists and that   
    // it supports pull subscriptions.  
    publication = new TransPublication();  
    publication.Name = publicationName;  
    publication.DatabaseName = publicationDbName;  
    publication.ConnectionContext = publisherConn;  
  
    if (publication.IsExistingObject)  
    {  
        if ((publication.Attributes & PublicationAttributes.AllowPull) == 0)  
        {  
            publication.Attributes |= PublicationAttributes.AllowPull;  
        }  
  
        // Define the pull subscription.  
        subscription = new TransPullSubscription();  
        subscription.ConnectionContext = subscriberConn;  
        subscription.PublisherName = publisherName;  
        subscription.PublicationName = publicationName;  
        subscription.PublicationDBName = publicationDbName;  
        subscription.DatabaseName = subscriptionDbName;  
  
        // Specify the Windows login credentials for the Distribution Agent job.  
        subscription.SynchronizationAgentProcessSecurity.Login = winLogin;  
        subscription.SynchronizationAgentProcessSecurity.Password = winPassword;  
  
        // Make sure that the agent job for the subscription is created.  
        subscription.CreateSyncAgentByDefault = true;  
  
        // By default, subscriptions to transactional publications are synchronized   
        // continuously, but in this case we only want to synchronize on demand.  
        subscription.AgentSchedule.FrequencyType = ScheduleFrequencyType.OnDemand;  
  
        // Create the pull subscription at the Subscriber.  
        subscription.Create();  
  
        Boolean registered = false;  
  
        // Verify that the subscription is not already registered.  
        foreach (TransSubscription existing  
            in publication.EnumSubscriptions())  
        {  
            if (existing.SubscriberName == subscriberName  
                && existing.SubscriptionDBName == subscriptionDbName)  
            {  
                registered = true;  
            }  
        }  
        if (!registered)  
        {  
            // Register the subscription with the Publisher.  
            publication.MakePullSubscriptionWellKnown(  
                subscriberName, subscriptionDbName,  
                SubscriptionSyncType.Automatic,  
                TransSubscriberType.ReadOnly);  
        }  
    }  
    else  
    {  
        // Do something here if the publication does not exist.  
        throw new ApplicationException(String.Format(  
            "The publication '{0}' does not exist on {1}.",  
            publicationName, publisherName));  
    }  
}  
catch (Exception ex)  
{  
    // Implement the appropriate error handling here.  
    throw new ApplicationException(String.Format(  
        "The subscription to {0} could not be created.", publicationName), ex);  
}  
finally  
{  
    subscriberConn.Disconnect();  
    publisherConn.Disconnect();  
}

' Define the Publisher, publication, and databases.  
Dim publicationName As String = "AdvWorksProductTran"  
Dim publisherName As String = publisherInstance  
Dim subscriberName As String = subscriberInstance  
Dim subscriptionDbName As String = "AdventureWorksReplica"  
Dim publicationDbName As String = "AdventureWorks"  
  
'Create connections to the Publisher and Subscriber.  
Dim subscriberConn As ServerConnection = New ServerConnection(subscriberName)  
Dim publisherConn As ServerConnection = New ServerConnection(publisherName)  
  
' Create the objects that we need.  
Dim publication As TransPublication  
Dim subscription As TransPullSubscription  
  
Try  
    ' Connect to the Publisher and Subscriber.  
    subscriberConn.Connect()  
    publisherConn.Connect()  
  
    ' Ensure that the publication exists and that   
    ' it supports pull subscriptions.  
    publication = New TransPublication()  
    publication.Name = publicationName  
    publication.DatabaseName = publicationDbName  
    publication.ConnectionContext = publisherConn  
  
    If publication.IsExistingObject Then  
        If (publication.Attributes And PublicationAttributes.AllowPull) = 0 Then  
            publication.Attributes = publication.Attributes _  
            Or PublicationAttributes.AllowPull  
        End If  
  
        ' Define the pull subscription.  
        subscription = New TransPullSubscription()  
        subscription.ConnectionContext = subscriberConn  
        subscription.PublisherName = publisherName  
        subscription.PublicationName = publicationName  
        subscription.PublicationDBName = publicationDbName  
        subscription.DatabaseName = subscriptionDbName  
        subscription.Description = "Pull subscription to " + publicationDbName _  
        + " on " + subscriberName + "."  
  
        ' Specify the Windows login credentials for the Distribution Agent job.  
        subscription.SynchronizationAgentProcessSecurity.Login = winLogin  
        subscription.SynchronizationAgentProcessSecurity.Password = winPassword  
  
        ' Make sure that the agent job for the subscription is created.  
        subscription.CreateSyncAgentByDefault = True  
  
        ' By default, subscriptions to transactional publications are synchronized   
        ' continuously, but in this case we only want to synchronize on demand.  
        subscription.AgentSchedule.FrequencyType = ScheduleFrequencyType.OnDemand  
  
        ' Create the pull subscription at the Subscriber.  
        subscription.Create()  
  
        Dim registered As Boolean = False  
  
        ' Verify that the subscription is not already registered.  
        For Each existing As TransSubscription In publication.EnumSubscriptions()  
            If existing.SubscriberName = subscriberName And _  
                existing.SubscriptionDBName = subscriptionDbName Then  
                registered = True  
            End If  
        Next existing  
        If Not registered Then  
            ' Register the subscription with the Publisher.  
            publication.MakePullSubscriptionWellKnown( _  
             subscriberName, subscriptionDbName, _  
             SubscriptionSyncType.Automatic, _  
             TransSubscriberType.ReadOnly)  
        End If  
    Else  
        ' Do something here if the publication does not exist.  
        Throw New ApplicationException(String.Format( _  
         "The publication '{0}' does not exist on {1}.", _  
         publicationName, publisherName))  
    End If  
Catch ex As Exception  
    ' Implement the appropriate error handling here.  
    Throw New ApplicationException(String.Format( _  
        "The subscription to {0} could not be created.", publicationName), ex)  
Finally  
    subscriberConn.Disconnect()  
    publisherConn.Disconnect()  
End Try

该示例创建合并发布的请求订阅。用于创建合并代理作业的 Windows 帐户凭据在运行时通过。

// Define the Publisher, publication, and databases.  
string publicationName = "AdvWorksSalesOrdersMerge";  
string publisherName = publisherInstance;  
string subscriberName = subscriberInstance;  
string subscriptionDbName = "AdventureWorksReplica";  
string publicationDbName = "AdventureWorks";  
string hostname = @"adventure-works\garrett1";  
  
//Create connections to the Publisher and Subscriber.  
ServerConnection subscriberConn = new ServerConnection(subscriberName);  
ServerConnection publisherConn = new ServerConnection(publisherName);  
  
// Create the objects that we need.  
MergePublication publication;  
MergePullSubscription subscription;  
  
try  
{  
    // Connect to the Subscriber.  
    subscriberConn.Connect();  
  
    // Ensure that the publication exists and that   
    // it supports pull subscriptions.  
    publication = new MergePublication();  
    publication.Name = publicationName;  
    publication.DatabaseName = publicationDbName;  
    publication.ConnectionContext = publisherConn;  
  
    if (publication.LoadProperties())  
    {  
        if ((publication.Attributes & PublicationAttributes.AllowPull) == 0)  
        {  
            publication.Attributes |= PublicationAttributes.AllowPull;  
        }  
  
        // Define the pull subscription.  
        subscription = new MergePullSubscription();  
        subscription.ConnectionContext = subscriberConn;  
        subscription.PublisherName = publisherName;  
        subscription.PublicationName = publicationName;  
        subscription.PublicationDBName = publicationDbName;  
        subscription.DatabaseName = subscriptionDbName;  
        subscription.HostName = hostname;  
  
        // Specify the Windows login credentials for the Merge Agent job.  
        subscription.SynchronizationAgentProcessSecurity.Login = winLogin;  
        subscription.SynchronizationAgentProcessSecurity.Password = winPassword;  
  
        // Make sure that the agent job for the subscription is created.  
        subscription.CreateSyncAgentByDefault = true;  
  
        // Create the pull subscription at the Subscriber.  
        subscription.Create();  
  
        Boolean registered = false;  
  
        // Verify that the subscription is not already registered.  
        foreach (MergeSubscription existing  
            in publication.EnumSubscriptions())  
        {  
            if (existing.SubscriberName == subscriberName  
                && existing.SubscriptionDBName == subscriptionDbName  
                && existing.SubscriptionType == SubscriptionOption.Pull)  
            {  
                registered = true;  
            }  
        }  
        if (!registered)  
        {  
            // Register the local subscription with the Publisher.  
            publication.MakePullSubscriptionWellKnown(  
                subscriberName, subscriptionDbName,  
                SubscriptionSyncType.Automatic,  
                MergeSubscriberType.Local, 0);  
        }  
    }  
    else  
    {  
        // Do something here if the publication does not exist.  
        throw new ApplicationException(String.Format(  
            "The publication '{0}' does not exist on {1}.",  
            publicationName, publisherName));  
    }  
}  
catch (Exception ex)  
{  
    // Implement the appropriate error handling here.  
    throw new ApplicationException(String.Format(  
        "The subscription to {0} could not be created.", publicationName), ex);  
}  
finally  
{  
    subscriberConn.Disconnect();  
    publisherConn.Disconnect();  
}

' Define the Publisher, publication, and databases.  
Dim publicationName As String = "AdvWorksSalesOrdersMerge"  
Dim publisherName As String = publisherInstance  
Dim subscriberName As String = subscriberInstance  
Dim subscriptionDbName As String = "AdventureWorksReplica"  
Dim publicationDbName As String = "AdventureWorks"  
Dim hostname As String = "adventure-works\garrett1"  
  
'Create connections to the Publisher and Subscriber.  
Dim subscriberConn As ServerConnection = New ServerConnection(subscriberName)  
Dim publisherConn As ServerConnection = New ServerConnection(publisherName)  
  
' Create the objects that we need.  
Dim publication As MergePublication  
Dim subscription As MergePullSubscription  
  
Try  
    ' Connect to the Subscriber.  
    subscriberConn.Connect()  
  
    ' Ensure that the publication exists and that   
    ' it supports pull subscriptions.  
    publication = New MergePublication()  
    publication.Name = publicationName  
    publication.DatabaseName = publicationDbName  
    publication.ConnectionContext = publisherConn  
  
    If publication.LoadProperties() Then  
        If (publication.Attributes And PublicationAttributes.AllowPull) = 0 Then  
            publication.Attributes = publication.Attributes _  
            Or PublicationAttributes.AllowPull  
        End If  
  
        ' Define the pull subscription.  
        subscription = New MergePullSubscription()  
        subscription.ConnectionContext = subscriberConn  
        subscription.PublisherName = publisherName  
        subscription.PublicationName = publicationName  
        subscription.PublicationDBName = publicationDbName  
        subscription.DatabaseName = subscriptionDbName  
        subscription.HostName = hostname  
  
        ' Specify the Windows login credentials for the Merge Agent job.  
        subscription.SynchronizationAgentProcessSecurity.Login = winLogin  
        subscription.SynchronizationAgentProcessSecurity.Password = winPassword  
  
        ' Make sure that the agent job for the subscription is created.  
        subscription.CreateSyncAgentByDefault = True  
  
        ' Create the pull subscription at the Subscriber.  
        subscription.Create()  
  
        Dim registered As Boolean = False  
  
        ' Verify that the subscription is not already registered.  
        For Each existing As MergeSubscription In _  
        publication.EnumSubscriptions()  
            If existing.SubscriberName = subscriberName Then  
                registered = True  
            End If  
        Next  
        If Not registered Then  
            ' Register the local subscription with the Publisher.  
            publication.MakePullSubscriptionWellKnown( _  
             subscriberName, subscriptionDbName, _  
             SubscriptionSyncType.Automatic, _  
             MergeSubscriberType.Local, 0)  
        End If  
    Else  
        ' Do something here if the publication does not exist.  
        Throw New ApplicationException(String.Format( _  
         "The publication '{0}' does not exist on {1}.", _  
         publicationName, publisherName))  
    End If  
Catch ex As Exception  
    ' Implement the appropriate error handling here.  
    Throw New ApplicationException(String.Format( _  
        "The subscription to {0} could not be created.", publicationName), ex)  
Finally  
    subscriberConn.Disconnect()  
    publisherConn.Disconnect()  
End Try

该示例不在 MSsubscription_properties中创建关联的代理作业和订阅元数据，而直接创建合并发布的请求订阅。用于创建合并代理作业的 Windows 帐户凭据在运行时通过。

// Define the Publisher, publication, and databases.  
string publicationName = "AdvWorksSalesOrdersMerge";  
string publisherName = publisherInstance;  
string subscriberName = subscriberInstance;  
string subscriptionDbName = "AdventureWorksReplica";  
string publicationDbName = "AdventureWorks";  
  
//Create connections to the Publisher and Subscriber.  
ServerConnection subscriberConn = new ServerConnection(subscriberName);  
ServerConnection publisherConn = new ServerConnection(publisherName);  
  
// Create the objects that we need.  
MergePublication publication;  
MergePullSubscription subscription;  
  
try  
{  
    // Connect to the Subscriber.  
    subscriberConn.Connect();  
  
    // Ensure that the publication exists and that   
    // it supports pull subscriptions.  
    publication = new MergePublication();  
    publication.Name = publicationName;  
    publication.DatabaseName = publicationDbName;  
    publication.ConnectionContext = publisherConn;  
  
    if (publication.LoadProperties())  
    {  
        if ((publication.Attributes & PublicationAttributes.AllowPull) == 0)  
        {  
            publication.Attributes |= PublicationAttributes.AllowPull;  
        }  
  
        // Define the pull subscription.  
        subscription = new MergePullSubscription();  
        subscription.ConnectionContext = subscriberConn;  
        subscription.PublisherName = publisherName;  
        subscription.PublicationName = publicationName;  
        subscription.PublicationDBName = publicationDbName;  
        subscription.DatabaseName = subscriptionDbName;  
  
        // Specify that an agent job not be created for this subscription. The  
        // subscription can only be synchronized by running the Merge Agent directly.  
        // Subscripition metadata stored in MSsubscription_properties will not  
        // be available and must be specified at run time.  
        subscription.CreateSyncAgentByDefault = false;  
  
        // Create the pull subscription at the Subscriber.  
        subscription.Create();  
  
        Boolean registered = false;  
  
        // Verify that the subscription is not already registered.  
        foreach (MergeSubscription existing  
            in publication.EnumSubscriptions())  
        {  
            if (existing.SubscriberName == subscriberName  
                && existing.SubscriptionDBName == subscriptionDbName  
                && existing.SubscriptionType == SubscriptionOption.Pull)  
            {  
                registered = true;  
            }  
        }  
        if (!registered)  
        {  
            // Register the local subscription with the Publisher.  
            publication.MakePullSubscriptionWellKnown(  
                subscriberName, subscriptionDbName,  
                SubscriptionSyncType.Automatic,  
                MergeSubscriberType.Local, 0);  
        }  
    }  
    else  
    {  
        // Do something here if the publication does not exist.  
        throw new ApplicationException(String.Format(  
            "The publication '{0}' does not exist on {1}.",  
            publicationName, publisherName));  
    }  
}  
catch (Exception ex)  
{  
    // Implement the appropriate error handling here.  
    throw new ApplicationException(String.Format(  
        "The subscription to {0} could not be created.", publicationName), ex);  
}  
finally  
{  
    subscriberConn.Disconnect();  
    publisherConn.Disconnect();  
}

' Define the Publisher, publication, and databases.  
Dim publicationName As String = "AdvWorksSalesOrdersMerge"  
Dim publisherName As String = publisherInstance  
Dim subscriberName As String = subscriberInstance  
Dim subscriptionDbName As String = "AdventureWorksReplica"  
Dim publicationDbName As String = "AdventureWorks"  
  
'Create connections to the Publisher and Subscriber.  
Dim subscriberConn As ServerConnection = New ServerConnection(subscriberName)  
Dim publisherConn As ServerConnection = New ServerConnection(publisherName)  
  
' Create the objects that we need.  
Dim publication As MergePublication  
Dim subscription As MergePullSubscription  
  
Try  
    ' Connect to the Subscriber.  
    subscriberConn.Connect()  
  
    ' Ensure that the publication exists and that   
    ' it supports pull subscriptions.  
    publication = New MergePublication()  
    publication.Name = publicationName  
    publication.DatabaseName = publicationDbName  
    publication.ConnectionContext = publisherConn  
  
    If publication.LoadProperties() Then  
        If (publication.Attributes And PublicationAttributes.AllowPull) = 0 Then  
            publication.Attributes = publication.Attributes _  
            Or PublicationAttributes.AllowPull  
        End If  
  
        ' Define the pull subscription.  
        subscription = New MergePullSubscription()  
        subscription.ConnectionContext = subscriberConn  
        subscription.PublisherName = publisherName  
        subscription.PublicationName = publicationName  
        subscription.PublicationDBName = publicationDbName  
        subscription.DatabaseName = subscriptionDbName  
  
        ' Specify that an agent job not be created for this subscription. The  
        ' subscription can only be synchronized by running the Merge Agent directly.  
        ' Subscripition metadata stored in MSsubscription_properties will not  
        ' be available and must be specified at run time.  
        subscription.CreateSyncAgentByDefault = False  
  
        ' Create the pull subscription at the Subscriber.  
        subscription.Create()  
  
        Dim registered As Boolean = False  
  
        ' Verify that the subscription is not already registered.  
        For Each existing As MergeSubscription In _  
        publication.EnumSubscriptions()  
            If existing.SubscriberName = subscriberName Then  
                registered = True  
            End If  
        Next  
        If Not registered Then  
            ' Register the local subscription with the Publisher.  
            publication.MakePullSubscriptionWellKnown( _  
             subscriberName, subscriptionDbName, _  
             SubscriptionSyncType.Automatic, _  
             MergeSubscriberType.Local, 0)  
        End If  
    Else  
        ' Do something here if the publication does not exist.  
        Throw New ApplicationException(String.Format( _  
         "The publication '{0}' does not exist on {1}.", _  
         publicationName, publisherName))  
    End If  
Catch ex As Exception  
    ' Implement the appropriate error handling here.  
    Throw New ApplicationException(String.Format( _  
     "The subscription to {0} could not be created.", publicationName), ex)  
Finally  
    subscriberConn.Disconnect()  
    publisherConn.Disconnect()  
End Try

该示例创建可使用 Web 同步通过 Internet 进行同步的合并发布的请求订阅。用于创建合并代理作业的 Windows 帐户凭据在运行时通过。有关详细信息，请参阅 Configure Web Synchronization。

// Define the Publisher, publication, and databases.  
string publicationName = "AdvWorksSalesOrdersMerge";  
string publisherName = publisherInstance;  
string subscriberName = subscriberInstance;  
string subscriptionDbName = "AdventureWorksReplica";  
string publicationDbName = "AdventureWorks";  
string hostname = @"adventure-works\garrett1";  
string webSyncUrl = "https://" + publisherInstance + "/WebSync/replisapi.dll";  
  
//Create connections to the Publisher and Subscriber.  
ServerConnection subscriberConn = new ServerConnection(subscriberName);  
ServerConnection publisherConn = new ServerConnection(publisherName);  
  
// Create the objects that we need.  
MergePublication publication;  
MergePullSubscription subscription;  
  
try  
{  
    // Connect to the Subscriber.  
    subscriberConn.Connect();  
  
    // Ensure that the publication exists and that   
    // it supports pull subscriptions and Web synchronization.  
    publication = new MergePublication();  
    publication.Name = publicationName;  
    publication.DatabaseName = publicationDbName;  
    publication.ConnectionContext = publisherConn;  
  
    if (publication.LoadProperties())  
    {  
        if ((publication.Attributes & PublicationAttributes.AllowPull) == 0)  
        {  
            publication.Attributes |= PublicationAttributes.AllowPull;  
        }  
        if ((publication.Attributes & PublicationAttributes.AllowWebSynchronization) == 0)  
        {  
            publication.Attributes |= PublicationAttributes.AllowWebSynchronization;  
        }  
  
        // Define the pull subscription.  
        subscription = new MergePullSubscription();  
        subscription.ConnectionContext = subscriberConn;  
        subscription.PublisherName = publisherName;  
        subscription.PublicationName = publicationName;  
        subscription.PublicationDBName = publicationDbName;  
        subscription.DatabaseName = subscriptionDbName;  
        subscription.HostName = hostname;  
  
        // Specify the Windows login credentials for the Merge Agent job.  
        subscription.SynchronizationAgentProcessSecurity.Login = winLogin;  
        subscription.SynchronizationAgentProcessSecurity.Password = winPassword;  
  
        // Enable Web synchronization.  
        subscription.UseWebSynchronization = true;  
        subscription.InternetUrl = webSyncUrl;  
  
        // Specify the same Windows credentials to use when connecting to the  
        // Web server using HTTPS Basic Authentication.  
        subscription.InternetSecurityMode = AuthenticationMethod.BasicAuthentication;  
        subscription.InternetLogin = winLogin;  
        subscription.InternetPassword = winPassword;  
  
        // Ensure that we create a job for this subscription.  
        subscription.CreateSyncAgentByDefault = true;  
  
        // Create the pull subscription at the Subscriber.  
        subscription.Create();  
  
        Boolean registered = false;  
  
        // Verify that the subscription is not already registered.  
        foreach (MergeSubscription existing  
            in publication.EnumSubscriptions())  
        {  
            if (existing.SubscriberName == subscriberName  
                && existing.SubscriptionDBName == subscriptionDbName  
                && existing.SubscriptionType == SubscriptionOption.Pull)  
            {  
                registered = true;  
            }  
        }  
        if (!registered)  
        {  
            // Register the local subscription with the Publisher.  
            publication.MakePullSubscriptionWellKnown(  
                subscriberName, subscriptionDbName,  
                SubscriptionSyncType.Automatic,  
                MergeSubscriberType.Local, 0);  
        }  
    }  
    else  
    {  
        // Do something here if the publication does not exist.  
        throw new ApplicationException(String.Format(  
            "The publication '{0}' does not exist on {1}.",  
            publicationName, publisherName));  
    }  
}  
catch (Exception ex)  
{  
    // Implement the appropriate error handling here.  
    throw new ApplicationException(String.Format(  
        "The subscription to {0} could not be created.", publicationName), ex);  
}  
finally  
{  
    subscriberConn.Disconnect();  
    publisherConn.Disconnect();  
}

' Define the Publisher, publication, and databases.  
Dim publicationName As String = "AdvWorksSalesOrdersMerge"  
Dim publisherName As String = publisherInstance  
Dim subscriberName As String = subscriberInstance  
Dim subscriptionDbName As String = "AdventureWorksReplica"  
Dim publicationDbName As String = "AdventureWorks"  
Dim hostname As String = "adventure-works\garrett1"  
Dim webSyncUrl As String = "https://" + publisherInstance + "/WebSync/replisapi.dll"  
  
'Create connections to the Publisher and Subscriber.  
Dim subscriberConn As ServerConnection = New ServerConnection(subscriberName)  
Dim publisherConn As ServerConnection = New ServerConnection(publisherName)  
  
' Create the objects that we need.  
Dim publication As MergePublication  
Dim subscription As MergePullSubscription  
  
Try  
    ' Connect to the Subscriber.  
    subscriberConn.Connect()  
  
    ' Ensure that the publication exists and that   
    ' it supports pull subscriptions and Web synchronization.  
    publication = New MergePublication()  
    publication.Name = publicationName  
    publication.DatabaseName = publicationDbName  
    publication.ConnectionContext = publisherConn  
  
    If publication.LoadProperties() Then  
        If (publication.Attributes And PublicationAttributes.AllowPull) = 0 Then  
            publication.Attributes = publication.Attributes _  
            Or PublicationAttributes.AllowPull  
        End If  
        If (publication.Attributes And PublicationAttributes.AllowWebSynchronization) = 0 Then  
            publication.Attributes = publication.Attributes _  
            Or PublicationAttributes.AllowWebSynchronization  
        End If  
  
        ' Define the pull subscription.  
        subscription = New MergePullSubscription()  
        subscription.ConnectionContext = subscriberConn  
        subscription.PublisherName = publisherName  
        subscription.PublicationName = publicationName  
        subscription.PublicationDBName = publicationDbName  
        subscription.DatabaseName = subscriptionDbName  
        subscription.HostName = hostname  
        subscription.CreateSyncAgentByDefault = True  
  
        ' Specify the Windows login credentials for the Merge Agent job.  
        subscription.SynchronizationAgentProcessSecurity.Login = winLogin  
        subscription.SynchronizationAgentProcessSecurity.Password = winPassword  
  
        ' Enable Web synchronization.  
        subscription.UseWebSynchronization = True  
        subscription.InternetUrl = webSyncUrl  
  
        ' Specify the same Windows credentials to use when connecting to the  
        ' Web server using HTTPS Basic Authentication.  
        subscription.InternetSecurityMode = AuthenticationMethod.BasicAuthentication  
        subscription.InternetLogin = winLogin  
        subscription.InternetPassword = winPassword  
  
        ' Create the pull subscription at the Subscriber.  
        subscription.Create()  
  
        Dim registered As Boolean = False  
  
        ' Verify that the subscription is not already registered.  
        For Each existing As MergeSubscription In _  
        publication.EnumSubscriptions()  
            If existing.SubscriberName = subscriberName Then  
                registered = True  
            End If  
        Next  
        If Not registered Then  
            ' Register the local subscription with the Publisher.  
            publication.MakePullSubscriptionWellKnown( _  
             subscriberName, subscriptionDbName, _  
             SubscriptionSyncType.Automatic, _  
             MergeSubscriberType.Local, 0)  
        End If  
    Else  
        ' Do something here if the publication does not exist.  
        Throw New ApplicationException(String.Format( _  
         "The publication '{0}' does not exist on {1}.", _  
         publicationName, publisherName))  
    End If  
Catch ex As Exception  
    ' Implement the appropriate error handling here.  
    Throw New ApplicationException(String.Format( _  
     "The subscription to {0} could not be created.", publicationName), ex)  
Finally  
    subscriberConn.Disconnect()  
    publisherConn.Disconnect()  
End Try

另请参阅

Replication Management Objects Concepts
查看和修改请求订阅属性
 Configure Web Synchronization
Subscribe to Publications
复制安全最佳做法

创建请求订阅

使用 SQL Server Management Studio

从发布服务器创建请求订阅

从订阅服务器创建请求订阅

“使用 Transact-SQL”

创建快照或事务发布的请求订阅

创建合并发布的请求订阅

示例 (Transact-SQL)

使用复制管理对象 (RMO)

创建快照或事务发布的请求订阅

创建合并发布的请求订阅

示例 (RMO)

另请参阅

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