I think ADF doesn't have a feature directly equivalent to Informatica's MX views for querying metadata. You may opt for gathering the pipeline and the workflow information with :
Monitoring in Azure Data Factory: Monitoring and management - Azure Data Factory
Azure Monitor: Monitor Azure Data Factory with Azure Monitor - Azure Data Factory
Azure Resource Explorer: Azure Resource Explorer
ADF REST API: Data Factory REST API - Azure Data Factory
Azure CLI: Azure Data Factory CLI documentation
Azure Purview: Azure Purview documentation
or by integrating with Azure Purview for data lineage
Each method allows you to track different aspects of your resources and their dependencies, depending on your specific needs.
Check the links and tell us your feedback :)